Comparative Analysis of PZT Piezoelectric Material Types for Energy Harvesting in Water Pipeline Pressure Fluctuations
Abstract
The increasing energy demand and the dwindling fossil fuel reserves are leading to a shift towards alternative energy sources. In this context, the conversion of pressure or vibration-induced irregularities in the environment into electrical energy through piezoelectric materials that generate an electric charge under mechanical stress has been considered. In this study, the possibility of generating electrical energy from transient pressure fluctuations in municipal water distribution lines was investigated using an experimental setup. For this purpose, a laboratory-scale experimental setup consisting of 1-inch diameter pipe elements was created to simulate similar hydraulic conditions observed in urban water networks. PZT-5 and PZT-8 type piezoelectric ceramics were used in a pipeline, electrically isolated from the fluid, and subjected to pressure variations controlled by a ball valve in the range of 1–6 bar. Analysis of the results shows that the highest voltage value is reached at 3 bar with PZT-5 material. With PZT-8 material, a stepped voltage value up to 6 bar is observed. It has been shown that the use of PZT material can provide energy recovery from pressure fluctuations and can be used in water distribution lines.
Keywords
Piezoelectric Materials, PZT 5-8, Pressurized Fluid Systems, Alternative Voltage Generation
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