DOES GLOBALIZATION AFFECT THE ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT IN TURKEY? EVIDENCE FROM ARDL TESTING

Abstract

Globalization is a phenomenon that connects countries in terms of trade flows, opening of capital markets, technological innovations, cultural and political decisions. The negative impact of globalization on biodiversity for rapid economic growth and development can easily be ignored. In this regard, it can be said that globalization has a direct impact on economic growth and an indirect impact on the environment. The study aimed to examine the real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita for Turkey between 1980-2019 and the impact of economic, political and social globalization on the ecological footprint obtained from the globalization Swiss Institute of Economic Research (KOF) database. Distributed lag autoregressive bound test (ARDL) suggested by Pesaran et al. (2001) was used as the econometric method. According to ARDL short-term and long-term findings, while real GDP per capita and social globalization increase the ecological footprint, no effect of economic and political globalization was found.

Keywords

• Globalization
• Ecological Footprint
• ARDL Test

KÜRESELLEŞME TÜRKİYE’DEKİ EKOLOJİK AYAK İZİNİ ETKİLİYOR MU? ARDL TESTİNDEN KANITLAR

Abstract

Küreselleşme, ülkeleri ticaret akışları, sermaye piyasalarının açılması, teknolojik yenilikler, kültürel ve politik kararlar açısından birbirine bağlayan bir olgudur. Hızlı ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınma için küreselleşmenin biyolojik çeşitlilik üzerindeki olumsuz etkisi kolaylıkla göz ardı edilebilmektedir. Bu bakımdan küreselleşmenin ekonomik büyüme üzerinde doğrudan çevre üzerinde ise dolaylı bir etkisinin söz konusu olduğu söylenebilir. Çalışma, Türkiye için 1980-2019 yılları arasında kişi başına reel gayri safi yurt içi hasıla (GSYH) ile küreselleşme İsviçre Ekonomi Araştırmaları Enstitüsü (KOF) veri tabanından elde edilen ekonomik, politik ve sosyal küreselleşmenin ekolojik ayak izi üzerindeki etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Ekonometrik yöntem olarak Pesaran vd. (2001) tarafından önerilen gecikmesi dağıtılmış otoregresif sınır testi (ARDL) kullanılmıştır. ARDL kısa dönem ve uzun dönem bulgularına göre kişi başına reel GSYH ve sosyal küreselleşme ekolojik ayak izini artırmakta iken, ekonomik ve politik küreselleşmenin herhangi bir etkisi bulunamamıştır.

Keywords

• Küreselleşme
• Ekolojik Ayak İzi
• ARDL Testi

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