EFFECTS OF MOBILE LEARNING ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT: A META ANALYSIS STUDY

Abstract

This study intended to collect previous experimental studies on mobile learning conducted internationally between the years of 2009 and 2014 to identify their effect sizes. A systematic synthesis method, meta-analysis, was utilized in the study for this purpose. 3.512 related articles were accessed and 10 international studies identified based on the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Based on the obtained data, calculated effect size of mobile learning on students’ academic achievement was found to be 0.849. Critical p value obtained during the meat-analysis points to the fact that mobile learning studies can be integrated and that the method should be favored more.

 

Keywords: Mobil learning, meta-analysis, experimental research, effect size

MOBİL ÖĞRENMENİN ÖĞRENCİ BAŞARISINA ETKİSİ: BİR META ANALİZ ÇALIŞMASI

Abstract

Bu çalışmada 2009-2014 yılları arasında uluslararası alanda daha önce mobil öğrenme ile ilgili yapılmış deneysel araştırmaların bir araya toplanıp, genel etki büyüklüğünün belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla araştırmada, sistematik sentezleme yöntemlerinden biri olan “MetaAnaliz Yöntemi” kullanılmıştır. Konu ile ilgili EBSCOhost veri tabanında aratılan 3.512 makaleye ulaşılmış, çalışmanın kapsamı gereği belirlenen dâhil edilme ölçütleri dâhilinde 10 çalışma analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada etki büyüklüğü indeksi olarak Cohen’nin d etki büyüklüğü kullanılmıştır. Yapılan homojenlik testi sonucunda, sabit etki modelinden rastgele etki modeline çevrilmiştir. Rastgele etki modeline göre yapılan analiz sonucunda, mobil öğrenmenin, akademik başarıya etkisi d=0.849 etki büyüklüğü pozitif yönde ve yüksek düzeyde bir etkiye sahip olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Yapılan meta-analizde elde edilen kritik p değeri, mobil öğrenme çalışmalarının birleştirilebileceğini ve eğitimde, mobil öğrenmenin daha fazla kullanılması gerektiği sonucunu vermektedir

Keywords

• Mobil öğrenme, meta-analiz, deneysel araştırma, etki büyüklüğü

References

1. Abramson, J. H. (1994). Making Sense of Data. New York: Oxford University Press.
2. Arrigo, M., Kukulska-Hulme, A., Arnedillo-Sa´nchez, I., & Kismihok, G. (2013). “Meta-analyses From a Collaborative Project in Mobile Lifelong Learning.” British Educational Research Journal, 39(2): 222–247.
3. Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2009). Introduction to Meta-Analysis. West Sussex-UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
4. Burston, J. (2011). “Realizing the Potential of Mobile Phone Technology for Language Learning.” The IALLT Journal, 41(2): 56-71.
5. Caudill, J. G. (2007). “The Growth of m-Learning and the Growth of Mobile Computing: Parallel Developments.” International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 8(2): 1492-3831.
6. Chen, C-M. (2013). An intelligent mobile location-aware book recommendation system that enhances problem-based learning in libraries. Interactive Learning Environments, 21(5), 469–495.
7. Chen, G. D., Chang, C. K., & Wang, C. Y. (2008). “Ubiquitous Learning Website: Scaffold Learners by Mobile Devices with Information-Aware Techniques.” Computers & Education, 50: 77–90.
8. Chen, Y. S., Kao, T. C., & Sheu, J. P. (2003). “A Mobile Learning System for Scaffolding Bird Watching Learning.” Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 19(3): 347–359.

9. Chang, C-S., Chen, T-S., & Hsu, W-H. (2011). “The Study on Integrating Webquest With Mobile Learning for Environmental Education.” Computer & Education 57: 1228-1239.
10. Chang, C-C., Tseng, K-H., Liang, C., & Yan, C-F. (2013). “The Influence of Perceived Convenience and Curiosity on Continuance Intention in Mobile English Learning for High School Students Using PDAs.” Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 22(3): 373–386.
11. Chu, H. C., Hwang, G. J., & Tsai, C. C., & Tseng, Judy C.R. (2010). “A Two-Tier Test Approach to Developing Location-Aware Mobile Learning Systems for Natural Science Cources.” Computer&Education, 55: 1618-1627.
12. Chu, H. C., Hwang, G. J., & Tsai, C. C. (2010). “A Knowledge Engineering Approach to Developing Mindtools for Context-Aware Ubiquitous Learning.” Computers & Education, 54(1): 289–297.
13. Cohen, J. (1960). “A Coefficient of Agreement for Nominal Scales.” Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20(1): 37–46.
14. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
15. Cooper, H., Hedges, L. V., & Valentine, J. C. (Eds.). (2009). The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis. New York: Russell Sage Publication.
16. Hwang, W-Y., & Chen, Holly S. L (2013). “Users’ Familiar Situational Contexts Faciliate the Practice of EFL in Elementary Schools with Mobile Devices.” Computer Assisted Language Learning, 26(2): 101-125.
17. Hwang, G-J., Wu, P-H., Zhuang, Y-Y., & Huang, Y-M. (2013). “Effects of the Inquiry-Based Mobile Learning Model On the Cognitive Load and Learning Achievement of Students.” Interactive Learning Environments, 21(4): 338–354.
18. Hwang, G-J., & Chang, H-F. (2010). “A Formative Asessment-Based Mobile Learning Approach to Improving the Learning Attitudes and Achievements of Students.” Computers & Education, 56: 1023-1031.
19. Hwang, G-J., Wu, P-H., & Ke, H-R. (2011). “An Interactive Concept Map Approach to Supporting Mobile Learning Activities for Natural Science Courses.” Computer & Education, 57: 2272-2280.
20. Huang, Y-M., Lin, Y-T., & Cheng, S-C. (2010). “Effectiveness of A Mobile Plant Learning System in A Science Curriculum in Taiwanese Elementary Education.” Computers & Education, 54: 47–58.
21. Kukulska-Hulme, A., & Shield, L. (2008). “An Overview of Mobile Assisted Language Learning: From Content Delivery to Supported Collaboration and Interaction.” ReCALL, 20(3): 271–289.
22. Kukulska-Hulme, A., & Traxler, J. (2005). Mobile Learning: A Handbook for Educators and Trainers. London: Routledge.
23. Looi, C.-K., Wong, L.-H., So, H.-J., Seow, P., Toh, Y., Chen, W., Zhang, B., Norris, C., & Soloway, E. (2009). “Anatomy of a Mobilized Lesson: Learning My Way.” Computers & Education, 53: 1120–1132.
24. Looi, C-K., & Wong, L-H. (2014). “Implementing Mobile Learning Curricula in Schools: A Programme of Research from Innovation to Scaling.” Educational Technology & Society, 17(2): 72–84.
25. Martin, F., & Ertzberger, J. (2012) “Here and Now Mobile Learning: An Experimental Study on the Use of Mobile Technology.” Computer & Education, 68: 76-85.
26. Sánchez, J., & Olivares, R. (2011). “Problem Solving and Collaboration Using Mobile Serious Games.” Computers & Education, 57: 1943-1952.
27. Scornavacca, E., Huff, S., & Marshall, S. (2009). “Mobile Phones in the Classroom: If You Can’t Beat Them, Join Them.” Communications of the ACM, 52(4): 142–146.
28. Thalheimer, W., & Cook, S. (2002). How to calculate effect sizes from published research articles: A simplified methodology. www.work-learning.com/effect_sizes.htm.
29. Wu, P-H., Hwang, G-J., & Tsai, C-C., Chen, Y-C., & Huang, Y-M. (2010). A pilot study on conducting mobile learning activities for clinical nursing cources based on the reportory grid approach. Nurse Education Today 31, 8-15.
30. Wu, W-H., Wu, Y-C J., Chen, C-Y., Kao, H-Y., Lin, C-H., & Huang, S-H. (2012). Review of trends from mobile learning studies: A meta-analysis. Computers & Education 59, 817–827.
31. Wu, P., Hwang. G-J, Su, L-H., & Huang, Y-M. (2012). “A Context-Aware Mobile Learning System for Supporting Cognitive Apprenticieship in Nursing Skillls Training.” Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 15(1): 223-236.
32. Zhang, H., Song, W., & Burston, J. (2011). “Reexamining the Effectiveness of Vocabulary Learning Via Mobile Phones.” TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 10(3): 203-214.