Ekonomik ve Parasal Birlik’te Büyük Ülkeler Neden Mali Kurallara Uymamaktadır?

Abstract

Ekonomik ve Parasal Birlik (EMU)’te üye ülkelerin maliye politikalarının uyumlaştırılması amacıyla Maastricht kriterleri ve ardından İstikrar ve Büyüme Paktı (SGP) ile birtakım kriterler getirilmiştir. Üye ülkelerden büyük olanlar mali kuralları (kriterleri) EMU’nin kuruluşundan önce ve sonra birçok kez ihlal etmişlerdir. Kurallara uymakta zorluk çeken büyük ülkeler SGP’de revizyona gidilmesini istemiş ve SGP kuralları bir miktar gevşetilmiştir. Bu gelişmelerin sonucu olarak büyük üye ülkelerin mali kurallara uyumda zorlanması ile ilgili literatürde birtakım nedenler tartışılmıştır. Bu nedenler, politik, ekonomik ve kurumsal faktörlerden oluşmaktadır. Küçük ülkelerin Maastricht ve SGP ile gelen mali kurallara uyum göstermesi ve büyük ülkelerin bu kuralları sürekli ihlal etmesinin altında yatan temel nedenleri araştıran bu çalışmada Türkiye adına birtakım çıkarımlar yapılmıştır.

Keywords

• Ekonomik ve parasal birlik,maastricht,istikrar ve büyüme paktı

Why Large Countrıes Violate the Fiscal Rules in the Economıc and Monetary Union?

Abstract

To coordinate the fiscal policies of the Member States of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), some criteria have been set with Maastricht and the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP). Larger Member States have violated the Code many times before and after the establishment of the EMU. Larger countries that have difficulty in meeting the fiscal rules (criteria) have requested the revision of the SGP and hence the rules of the SGP have been relaxed. Because of these developments, several reasons have been discussed in the literature on the difficulty of major member states with fiscal rules. These reasons consist of political, economic and institutional factors. In this study, it is researched the underlying reasons of compliance of small countries with fiscal rules of Maastricht and SGP and continual violation of these rules by larger countries and some deductions have been made for Turkey.

Keywords

• Economic and monetary union,maastricht,stability and growth pact.

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