SAĞLIK HARCAMALARI, EKONOMİK BÜYÜME VE CO2 EMİSYONU: OECD ÜLKELERİNDEN KANITLAR

Year 2019, Issue: 31, 488 - 516, 26.03.2019

Tuncer Gövdeli

https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.477571

Cited By: 14

Abstract

Bu
çalışmada seçilmiş 26 OECD ülkesinin 1992 ile 2014 dönemi arasında sağlık
harcamaları, ekonomik büyüme ve CO₂ emisyonu arasındaki ilişkiler
araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla kullanılacak panel yöntemlerini seçebilmek için
değişkenlerin ve panelin yatay kesit bağımlılığı belirlenmiştir. Değişkenlerde
ve panelde yatay kesit bağımlılığı olması sebebiyle kullanılan panel birim kök
ve eşbütünleşme testinin ikinci nesil testlerden seçilmiştir. Değişkenlerin
I(1) mertebede durağanlıkları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca modelde eşbütünleşme
ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Eşbütünleşme katsayılarının tahmin sonuçlarına göre
ekonomik büyüme ve CO₂ emisyonunun esneklik katsayıları sırasıyla 0.188
ve 0.012 olarak tahmin edilmiştir. VECM Granger nedensellik analizi sonuçlarına
göre ekonomik büyüme sağlık harcamalarının nedenseli, CO₂ emisyonu
sağlık harcamalarının nedenseli, ekonomik büyüme CO₂ emisyonunun
nedenselidir. Uzun dönem nedensellik analizine göre ise ekonomik büyüme ve CO₂
emisyonundan sağlık harcamalarına doğru nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Sağlık harcamaları, ekonomik büyüme, CO2 emisyonu, OECD ülkeleri, VECM Granger nedensellik analizi

HEALTH EXPENDITURE, ECONOMIC GROWTH, AND CO2 EMISSIONS: EVIDENCE FROM THE OECD COUNTRIES

Abstract

The
present study investigates the correlation between health expenditure, economic
growth, and CO₂ emissions in 26 OECD countries during the period of
1992-2014. First of all, cross-sectional dependence of the variables and the
panel was assessed with a view to identify the panel methods usable for this
purpose. Given the prevalence of cross-sectional dependence regarding the
variables and the panel, the panel unit root and cointegration test was chosen
from among second generation tests. The variables were found to be stationary
at order I(1). Moreover, the model was found to exhibit a cointegration
relationship. In the light of estimations of the cointegration factors, the
elasticity coefficients of economic growth and CO₂ emissions were
predicted to be 0.188 and 0.012 respectively. According to the results of VECM
Granger causality analysis, economic growth as well as CO₂ emissions
are causative with respect to health expenditure, whereas economic growth, once
again, is causative with respect to CO₂ emissions. A long-term
causality analysis, in turn, revealed a direct correlation whereby economic
growth and CO₂ emissions lead to increased health expenditure.

Keywords

Health expenditure, economic growth, CO2 emission, OECD countries, VECM Granger causality analysis

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