Investigation of Evacuation Efficiency of High-Rise Buildings: Case of Gaziantep Annex Courthouse Building

Öz

The most realistic method in the evacuation analysis of buildings is evacuation drills. However, this method carries some physical risks, especially in buildings with high occupant loads. With the developing technology, computer-based simulation programs have started to take a large place in evacuation analyzes as in many areas. In this article, the evacuation efficiency of Gaziantep Annex Courthouse, which has been tested and approved with the prescriptive method and is in the high-rise class according to the Turkish Zoning Regulation, is examined. In this study, which examines the prescriptive and performance-based methods used in creating simulation models, Gaziantep Annex Courthouse was tested according to the performance-based model and according to international definitions, with the Pathfinder simulation program. According to the results obtained, it was seen that the building was evacuated in 45 minutes and 35 seconds with the occupant load determined by the National Fire Protection Association, and in 18 minutes and 50 seconds with the estimated occupant load determined by the authors for the normal occupant load of the building on a normal day. In addition, design details that will allow effective evacuation in the design of high-rise buildings are mentioned.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• High-Rise Buildings
• Evacuation
• Simulation
• Gaziantep Annex Courthouse

Yüksek Binaların Tahliye Etkinliğinin İncelenmesi: Gaziantep Ek Adliye Binası Örneği

Öz

Binaların tahliye analizinde en gerçekçi metot tahliye tatbikatlarıdır. Fakat bu metot özellikle yüksek kullanıcı yüküne sahip binalarda bazı fiziki riskler taşımaktadır. Gelişen teknolojiyle birlikte bilgisayar tabanlı benzetim çalışmaları, birçok alanda olduğu gibi tahliye analizlerinde de geniş yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu makalede, ön tanımlı metotla test edilmiş ve onaylanmış olan ve Türkiye İmar Yönetmeliğine göre yüksek yapı sınıfında bulunan Gaziantep Ek Adliye Binasının tahliye etkinliği incelenmiştir. Benzetim modelleri oluşturulurken kullanılan metotlardan ön tanımlı ve performans tabanlı metotları inceleyen bu çalışmada, Gaziantep Ek Adliye Binası, performans tabanlı modele göre ve uluslararası tanımlara göre, Pathfinder benzetim programıyla test edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre binanın, National Fire Protection Association tarafından belirlenen kullanıcı yüküne göre 45 dk 35 sn’de, yazarlar tarafından binanın normal bir gündeki normal yüküne yönelik oluşturulan tahmini kullanıcı yüküne göre ise 18 dk 50 sn’de tahliye edildiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca yüksek binaların tasarımında etkin tahliyeye izin verecek tasarım detaylarından bahsedilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yüksek Binalar
• Tahliye
• Benzetim
• Gaziantep Ek Adliyesi

Kaynakça

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