Afet ve Acil Cerrahilerde Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon: Geleneksel Derleme

Öz

Bu çalışma, afet ve acil cerrahilerde fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyonun rolünü ve sorumluluklarını ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Afetler; Türkiye için temelde deprem olarak değerlendirilse de silahlı çatışmalar, patlamalar, sel, heyelan, çığ gibi durumlar da erken rehabilitasyon gerektirebilecek afetler arasındadır. Tüm bu afetler dahilinde, yanıklar, kırıklar, yara enfeksiyonu ve immobilizasyona bağlı ikincil komplikasyonların oluşması muhtemeldir. Fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon yaklaşımı hem akut durumda destek vermek hem de afete bağlı kalıcı hale gelebilecek mental ve fiziksel disfonksiyonların önlenmesine katkıda bulunmak için yeterli bilgi donanımını içermektedir. Çalışma kapsamında, Pubmed, Google Scholar gibi akademik veri tabanlarının yanı sıra, konu ile ilişkili kuruluşlar tarafından internet temelli yayınlanmış olan rehberler incelenmiştir. Afetlerde fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyona başlıca ihtiyaç duyacak durumlar; başta tüm solunum fonksiyon kayıpları, yoğun bakım, yanık, amputasyonlar, kırıklar, edinilmiş beyin travmaları, periferik sinir yaralanmaları ve tüm diğer cilt ve doku yaralanmalarıdır. Fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyonun temel prensipleri afetlerde de aynı şekilde geçerli olsa da olağanüstü durumlar için daha yetkin ve hazırlıklı personele ihtiyaç vardır. Afet sonrası kurulacak akut sağlık hizmetinde, fizyoterapist ilk saatlerden başlayarak destek verebilecek bir sağlık elemanıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Afet
• Erken Rehabilitasyon
• Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon
• Kırık

Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation in Disaster and Emergency Surgeries: Narrative Review

Abstract

This study was conducted to reveal the role and responsibilities of physiotherapy and rehabilitation in disaster and emergency surgeries. Although disasters are basically considered as an earthquake for Turkey, situations such as armed conflicts, explosions, floods, landslides and avalanches are among the disasters that may require early rehabilitation. In all these disasters, burns, fractures, wound infection and secondary complications due to immobilization are likely to occur. The physiotherapy and rehabilitation approach includes sufficient knowledge to both provide support in acute situations and to contribute to the prevention of mental and physical dysfunctions that may become permanent due to disaster. Within the scope of the study, academic databases such as Pubmed and Google Scholar, as well as internet-based guides published by institutions related to the subject were examined. Situations that will need physiotherapy and rehabilitation in disasters are especially respiratory function losses, intensive care, burns, amputations, fractures, acquired brain traumas, peripheral nerve injuries and all other skin and tissue injuries. Although the basic principles of physiotherapy and rehabilitation are equally valid in disasters, more competent and prepared personnel are needed for extraordinary situations. In the acute health service to be established after the disaster, the physiotherapist is a health personnel who can provide support starting from the first hours.

Keywords

• Disaster
• Early Rehabilitation
• Fracture
• Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation

Kaynakça

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