Passive Fire Safety Analysis In Educational Buildings

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 151 - 166, 20.06.2022

Hüseyin Başdemir

https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.1000172

Abstract

As in all buildings, the design of passive fire safety systems in the design of educational buildings reduces the need for mechanical systems. The cost of building is reduced and fire safety is improved. If the passive security measures are sufficient, the expansion of the fire becomes slow, the evacuation of the people becomes easier and the damage caused by the fire is minimal. This study aims to analyze how fire regulations affect passive fire safety measures on school design and construction. Tokat provincial center, one of the least developed cities of the country, was chosen as the study region. To the study method; 4 school buildings which were designed and built before 2002 when the Regulation entered into force and also 4 different school buildings which were designed and built after 2009 have been analyzed comparatively according to 20 measurable criteria which are chosen among the provisions of the National Fire Regulations (BYKHY), UK Fire Regulations (BS), US Fire Regulations (NFPA) and according to the architectural project, the studies done in the building site and interviews carried out with responsible persons.

Keywords

Educational Buildings, Passive Fire Precautions, Fire Regulations

Eğitim Yapılarında Pasif Yangın Güvenlik Analizi

Abstract

Tüm binalarda olduğu gibi eğitim binalarının tasarımında da pasif yangın güvenlik sistemlerinin iyi tasarlanması ile mekanik sistemlere ihtiyaç azalır. Binanın maliyeti düşer ve yangın güvenliği daha iyi sağlanmış olur. Pasif güvenlik önlemleri yeterli ise yangının genişlemesi yavaş olur, insanların tahliyesi kolaylaşır ve yangının verdiği zarar az olur. Bu araştırma yangın yönetmeliğinin okul binası tasarımında ve yapımında pasif yangın güvenlik önlemlerine nasıl etki ettiğinin analiz edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma bölgesi olarak ülkenin az gelişmiş şehirlerinden biri olan Tokat seçilmiştir. Çalışma da yöntem olarak; Ulusal yangın yönetmeliğinin yürürlüğe girdiği tarih olan 2002 yılından önce projelendirilen ve inşa edilen 4 adet eğitim binası ile 2007 yılından sonra projelendirilen ve inşa edilen 4 adet eğitim binası Ulusal Yangın Yönetmeliği, ABD Yangın Yönetmeliği (NFPA) ve İngiltere Yangın Yönetmeliği (BS) hükümleri arasından belirlenen 20 kritere göre mimari projeleri üzerinden, bina yerinde yapılan incelemeler ve proje müellifleri ile yapılan görüşmeler ışığında analiz edilmiş ve sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

Eğitim Yapıları, Pasif Yangın Önlemleri, Yangın Yönetmelikleri

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