Abundance and Dispersion Indices of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Tomato Plant in Nigeria

Year 2024, Volume: 55 Issue: 2, 115 - 120, 29.05.2024

Hassan Sule Gambo Abdullahi , Halima Abubakar Yerima

https://doi.org/10.17097/agricultureatauni.1492166

Abstract

Helicoverpa armigera is among the major insect pests that pose a threat to tomato production in Nigeria with an insufficient understanding of its population parameters, and available environmentally friendly control materials which are essential for the development of reliable and sustainable management strategies that can minimize the frequent use of synthetic pesticides; which are hazardous to the environment, non-target organism, and humans. The present study was conducted with the objectives of establishing population abundance and dispersion of H. armigera. Surveys were conducted in the savannah agroecological zone of Nigeria through fortnightly field visits to tomato farms from July to September 2019 (rainy season), and month of December 2019 to March 2020 (dry season), making a total of seven (7) and Nine (9) visits respectively. Ten plants were randomly selected and tagged from each farm, for observation of the presence of H. armigera larvae on the upper and lower parts early in the morning (6:00-7:30 am) on all sampling. Numbers found on each plant were counted and recorded with dates. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and the least significant difference (LSD) at 0.05% level of probability was used to separate significant means. Data were further used in calculating the various dispersion indices. The result indicates that H. armigera was higher at 8 weeks after planting and aggregated on the upper part of the plant with a higher population in the dry season. Abundance and dispersion indices of H. armigera on tomato plants reported in this study will provide for appropriate decision-making in designing eco-friendly management of the pest.

Keywords

Tomato, Helicoverpa armigera, fruit worm, population, dispersion, Savannah

Nijerya'da Domates Bitkisinde Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)’nın Popülasyon ve Dağılım İndeksleri

Abstract

Helicoverpa armigera, popülasyon parametrelerinin yeterince anlaşılmaması ve sentetik pestisitlerin sık kullanımını en aza indirebilecek güvenilir ve sürdürülebilir yönetim stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi için gerekli olan mevcut çevre dostu kontrol materyallerinin yetersiz anlaşılmasıyla Nijerya'da domates üretimine müdahale eden başlıca zararlılar arasındadır. Tarım ilacı; çevre, hedef olmayan organizma ve insanlar için tehlikelidir. Bu çalışma, H. armigera' nın çalışma alanındaki popülasyon dağılımını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Anketler, Temmuz-Eylül 2019 (yağmur mevsimi) ve Aralık 2019-Mart 2020 (kurak mevsim) arasında iki haftada bir domates çiftliklerine saha ziyareti yoluyla Nijerya'nın savan agro-ekolojik bölgesinde gerçekleştirildi. Tüm örnekleme günlerinde sabahın erken saatlerinde (06:00-7:30) üst ve alt kısımlarda H. armigera larvalarının varlığının gözlemlenmesi için her çiftlikten rastgele on (10) bitki seçildi ve etiketlendi. Her bitkide bulunan H. armigera sayıları sayıldı ve tarihlerle birlikte kaydedildi. Elde edilen veriler varyans analizine tabi tutulmuş ve anlamlı ortalamaları ayırmak için %0,05 olasılık düzeyinde en küçük anlamlı fark (LSD) kullanılmıştır. Veriler ayrıca çeşitli dağılım indekslerinin hesaplanmasında kullanıldı. Sonuç, H. armigera 'nın dikimden 8 hafta sonra daha yüksek olduğunu ve kurak mevsimde daha fazla nüfusa sahip bitkinin üst kısmında toplandığını göstermektedir. H. armigera'nın bu çalışmada bildirilen domates bitkisi üzerindeki dağılım ve dağılım indeksleri, zararlının çevre dostu yönetimini tasarlamada uygun karar verme için sağlam bir temel sağlayacaktır.

Keywords

Domates, Helicoverpa armigera, meyve kurdu, popülasyon, dağılım, Savannah

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