Evaluation of the Chemical Composition of Nigella sativa L. Seeds Grown in Different Locations

Year 2026, , 11 - 18

Beyzanur Budak , Péter Radácsi , Furkan Çoban

https://doi.org/10.17097/agricultureatauni.1719128

Abstract

Nigella sativa L., commonly known as black cumin, holds a significant place among medicinal and aromatic plants due to its rich chemical composition and positive effects on health. This study was conducted to compare the chemical composition of black cumin seeds cultivated under different ecological conditions in Erzurum (Turkey) and Budapest (Hungary) in 2018. The 'Çameli' variety was used in both locations. The seeds were analyzed for their protein, oil, ash, and mineral contents, as well as their fatty acid profiles. All chemical analyses were carried out in the laboratories of the Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University. Seeds from Türkiye exhibited higher levels of protein (20.5%), oil (37.2%), linoleic acid (62.60%), magnesium (434.31 mg/100 g), and manganese (13.61 mg/100 g). Conversely, seeds from Hungary showed greater concentrations of oleic acid (23.03%), phosphorus (1007.26 mg/100 g), potassium (1113.19 mg/100 g), calcium, iron, copper, and zinc. Total ash content was also slightly higher in seeds from Türkiye. These findings demonstrate that ecological factors such as climate, soil structure, and altitude significantly influence the nutritional and biochemical properties of black cumin seeds. The study provides valuable insights for optimizing the cultivation of Nigella sativa based on regional environmental conditions and offers practical implications for improving seed quality in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications. In conclusion, ecological conditions play a decisive role in determining seed composition, and location-specific agricultural strategies should be considered to enhance both the quality and economic value of black cumin cultivation.

Keywords

Black cumin , Ecological conditions , Fatty acid , Minerel content , Seed quality

Farklı Lokasyonlarda Yetiştirilen Çörek Otu (Nigella sativa L.) Tohumlarının Kimyasal Kompozisyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Çörek otu (Nigella sativa L.), zengin kimyasal bileşimi ve sağlık üzerindeki olumlu etkileri sayesinde tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler arasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu çalışma, 2018 yılında Türkiye'nin Erzurum ili ile Macaristan’ın Budapeşte kentinde, farklı ekolojik koşullar altında yetiştirilen çörek otu tohumlarının kimyasal bileşimlerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Her iki lokasyonda da 'Çameli' çeşidi kullanılmış; tohumların protein, yağ, kül ve mineral içerikleri ile yağ asidi profilleri analiz edilmiştir. Tüm kimyasal analizler, Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü laboratuvarlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Türkiye’de yetiştirilen tohumlarda protein (%20,5), yağ (%37,2), linoleik asit (%62,60), magnezyum (434,31 mg/100 g) ve manganez (13,61 mg/100 g) değerleri daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Buna karşılık, Macaristan’da yetiştirilen tohumlar oleik asit (%23,03), fosfor (1007,26 mg/100 g), potasyum (1113,19 mg/100 g), kalsiyum, demir, bakır ve çinko açısından daha zengin bulunmuştur. Türkiye örneklerinde toplam kül oranı da daha yüksektir. Bu sonuçlar, iklim, toprak yapısı ve rakım gibi ekolojik faktörlerin çörek otu tohumlarının besin ve biyokimyasal özelliklerini belirlemede etkili olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, Nigella sativa’nın bölgeye özgü ekolojik koşullara göre optimize edilerek yetiştirilmesine yönelik bilimsel bir temel sunmakta ve beslenme, farmasötik ve endüstriyel kullanım alanlarına katkı sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

Çörek otu , Ekolojik koşullar , Yağ Asidi , Mineral içerik , Tohum kalitesi

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