You can access the Article Submission Guidelines here.

You can access the Article Submission Guidelines video here.

For comprehensive information regarding the journal's policies on submission, peer-review, publication, and ethical standards, kindly visit the Policies page. Similarly, for detailed information about the journal, please visit the Aims and Scope page.

Manuscripts submitted for evaluation should be original and not previously presented or published in any electronic or print medium. If a manuscript was previously presented at a conference or meeting, authors should provide detailed information about the event, including the name, date, and location of the organization.

Authors are required to prepare manuscripts in accordance with the relevant guideline listed below:

• Observational original research studies: STROBE guidelines
• Systematic reviews and meta-analysis: PRISMA guidelines (for protocols, please see the PRISMA-P guidelines)
• Qualitative research: SRQR guidelines

To find the right guideline for your research, please complete the questionnaire by Equator Network here.

Ahbar encourages authors to follow the ‘Sex and Gender Equity in Research – SAGER – guidelines’ when preparing their manuscripts to promote the inclusion of sex and gender considerations in research. Before submission, authors can consult EASE Guidelines for Authors and Translators to produce clear, concise and accurate manuscripts that are easy to understand and free of common errors and pitfalls.

The style of manuscripts should follow the The Chicago Manual of Style 17th Edition (Notes and Bibliography).

Manuscripts can only be submitted through the journal’s online manuscript submission and evaluation system (https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ahbar). Manuscripts submitted via any other medium and submissions by anyone other than one of the authors will not be evaluated.

In addition to the manuscript files, authors are required to submit the following during the initial submission:
- Copyright Agreement and Acknowledgement of Authorship Form

PREPARATION OF THE MANUSCRIPT
Title page: A separate title page should be submitted with all submissions and this page should include:
• The full title (max 10 word) of the manuscript as well as a short title (running head) of no more than 50 characters,
• Name(s), affiliations, academic degree(s), and ORCID IDs of the author(s),
• Grant information and detailed information on the other sources of support,
• Name, address, telephone (including the mobile phone number), and email address of the corresponding author,
• Acknowledgment of the individuals who contributed to the preparation of the manuscript but who do not fulfill the authorship criteria,
• If the author(s) is a member of the journal’s Editorial Board, this should be specified in the title page.

Abstract: All manuscripts must include a brief but informative Abstract. Please check Table 1 below for word count specifications.

Keywords: Each submission must be accompanied by a minimum of three to a maximum of six keywords for subject indexing at the end of the abstract. The keywords should be listed in full without abbreviations.

Manuscript Types
Original Articles: Research articles provide new information based on original research. The acceptance of research articles is typically based on the originality and importance of the research. The main text of a Original Article should be structured with subheadings, including Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion and Recommendations.

Please check Table 1 for the limitations for Original Articles.

Review Articles
Review articles that are written by authors with extensive knowledge and expertise in a particular field and a strong track record of publication are welcomed. These authors may even be invited to contribute a review article to the journal. Review articles should provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on a topic in the journal’s topic, and should include discussions and evaluations of relevant research.

Please check Table 1 for the limitations for Review Articles.

Letters to the Editor
A "Letter to the Editor" is a type of manuscript that discusses important or overlooked aspects of a previously published article. This type of manuscript may also present articles on subjects within the scope of the journal that are of interest to readers, particularly educational cases. Readers can also use the "Letter to the Editor" format to share their comments on published manuscripts. The text of a "Letter to the Editor" should be unstructured and should not include an abstract, keywords, tables, figures, images, or other media. The manuscript that is being commented on must be properly cited within the "Letter to the Editor."

Editorial Comments
Invited editorial comments on selected articles are published in the journal to provide expert insight and critical analysis of the research presented. These comments are written by authors who have demonstrated expertise or a high reputation in the topic of the research article. The journal carefully selects and invites these authors to contribute their comments. The editorial comments should not exceed 1000 words in length and should not include an abstract, keywords, tables, figures, images, or other media.

Table 1. Limitations for each manuscript type

*Word limit should not include the abstract, references, tables, and figure legends.

Tables
Tables should be included in the main document, after the reference list, and they should be numbered consecutively in the order they are referred to within the text. Each table should have a descriptive title placed above it, and any abbreviations used in the table should be defined below the table by footnotes (even if they are defined in the main text). Tables should be created using the "insert table" command of the Word processing software, and they should be arranged clearly to make the data easy to read and understand. The data presented in the tables should not be a repetition of the data presented in the main text, but should support and enhance the main text.

Figures and Figure Legends
Figures should be submitted as separate files in TIFF or JPEG format, and they should be embedded in the Word document. If a figure has subunits, be merged into a single image, the figures should be labeled (a, b, c, etc.) to indicate subunits. The minimum resolution of each figure should be 300 DPI, and the figures should be clear and easy to read. Figure legends should be listed at the end of the main document. Figures should be referred to within the main text, and they should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are mentioned.

Abbreviations
All acronyms and abbreviations used in the manuscript should be defined at first use, both in the abstract and in the main text. The abbreviation should be provided in parentheses following the definition, and it should be used consistently throughout the paper.

Identifying products
When mentioning a drug, product, hardware, or software program in a manuscript, it is important to provide detailed information about the product in parentheses. This should include the name of the product, the producer of the product, and the city and country of the company.
For example, if mentioning a Discovery St PET/CT scanner produced by General Electric in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, the information should be presented in the following format: "Discovery St PET/CT scanner (General Electric, Milwaukee, WI, USA)." Providing this information helps to ensure that the product is properly identified and credited.

Supplementary Materials
Supplementary materials, including audio files, videos, datasets, and additional documents (e.g., appendices, additional figures, tables), are intended to complement the main text of the manuscript. These supplementary materials should be submitted as a separate section after the references list. Concise descriptions of each supplementary material should be included to explain their relevance to the manuscript. Page numbers are not required for supplementary materials.

References
Both in-text citations and the references must be prepared according to the The Chicago Manual of Style 17th Edition (Notes and Bibliography).

In-text references should include the author's surname and publication date in parentheses. Since publications in Social Sciences are voluminous in terms of pages, the number of pages must be used in our journal after the year of publication.


Author or Authors: A book may be written by one or more authors. In works with one, two or three authors, the names and surnames of the authors must be written in full. In works with four or more authors, only the name and surname of the first author is written. Other authors (and others are cited as “et al.”). This rule is not required for authors without surnames. Their names or names are written as they are.

In Footnote
Single author; Name and surname,

With Two Authors; Name Surname and Name Surname

With Three Authors; Name Surname, Name Surname and Name Surname

With Four or More Authors; Name and Surname of the first author etc.,

In Reference

Single Author; Surname, Name.

With Two Authors; Surname, Name, and Name Surname.

With Three Authors; Surname, Name, Name Surname, and Name Surname.

With four or more authors; Surname, Name, Name Surname, Name Surname, and Name Surname.

Editor or Editors: A book may have been reviewed or edited by one or more editors. In works with one, two or three editors, the full names and surnames of the editors must be written. In works with four or more editors, only the name and surname of the first editor is written. Other editors (and others are cited as “et al.”). The editor or editors write “ed.” immediately after the name of the work in the footnote. It is indicated by its abbreviation. The spelling method of editor names is the same as author names. When cited in the bibliography, “ed.” abbreviation is not used. "edited by" is written instead.

Translator or Translators: A book may have been translated by one or more translators. In works with one, two or three translators, the names and surnames of the translators must be written in full. In works with four or more translators, only the name and surname of the first translator is written. Other translators (and others are cited as “et al.”). Translators, if there is no editor of the book, write “trans” immediately after the name of the work in the footnote. It is indicated by the abbreviation. If it is an edited book, the translator's names are written after the editor's names. The spelling procedure for translator names is the same as the spelling procedure for author and editor names. When stated in the bibliography, “trans.” abbreviation is not used. Instead, "Translated by" is written.

Number of Editions: This value shows how many times the work was printed. A book may have been published more than once in the same or different years. Since the publication dates of the works that were published several times in different years will be different, it is up to the discretion of the researcher to indicate this value in the footnote or bibliography. However, in case there may be changes in the content of a work that is printed more than once in the same year, the print number of this work is "1st” It is definitely not specified with its abbreviation.

Volume: A book may have more than one volume. In this case, the volume number of the book is "vol." in the footnote and "Vol." in the bibliography. It should be specified as .

Place of Publication: The city where the book was published.

Publisher: The institution or organization that publishes the book.

Date: The date the book was published.

Page: It refers to the page or range of pages where the referenced information is located. It is shown only in the footnote. When displaying the page number, “p.” The abbreviation is not used. If the referenced information covers more than one page, a (-) sign is placed after the first page number is given, the last page number is entered and ended with (.). When referring to the page range; ✘ Incorrect: 157-158. Correct: 157-58.

DOI: "Digital Object Identifier" is a system used to uniquely identify digital objects. It is frequently used especially in academic and scientific publications. A DOI provides a permanent identification of a digital object (for example, an article, a dataset, or a book). The DOI number is usually presented in a format such as "doi:10.0000/abcd" and can be used to reference a specific digital object, allowing easy access to that object.

URL: "Uniform Resource Locator" is an address system used to specify the location of a web page, a file, or an internet resource. URLs are often used in Internet browsers and allow users to access a specific resource.
Footnote and Reference Examples

Index of Abbreviations

trans.: Translated by
ed. : Edited by
cop.: Copied by
ver.: Verified by
pub.: Published by
prep. : Prepared by
prep. pub. : Prepared for Publication by
ed.: edition
vol. : Volume
vols. : Volumes
no.: Issue
et al.: and others


Book
Notes
İbnü’l Esîr, İslâm Tarihi: el-Kâmil fi’t-Târîh Tercümesi, trans. Ahmet Ağırakça et al., 1st ed., vol. 9, 10 vols. (İstanbul: Ocak Yayıncılık, 2016), 89.
el-Makrîzî, es-sülûk li ma'rifeti Düveli'l-Mülûk, ver. Muhammed Abdulkadir Atâ, vol. 5, (Beyrut: Dâru’l-Kütübi’l- İlmiyye, 1997), 377.
Mehmet Levent Kaya, trans., Moğolların Gizli Tarihçesi, 1st ed., (İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayıncılık, 2011), 66.
Ca’ferî b. Muhammed el-Hüseynî, Târîh-i Kebîr (Tevârîh-i Enbiyâ ve Mülûk), trans. İsmail Aka (Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları, 2011), 100-105.
Ruy Gonzâlez de Clavijo, Timur Devrinde Kadis’ten Semerkant’a Seyahat, trans. Ömer Rıza Doğrul (İstanbul: Köprü Kitapları, 2016), 89.
Serkan Acar, Kâsım Hanlığı (İstanbul: IQ Kültür Sanat Yayıncılık, 2008), 51.
Savaş Eğilmez and Ensar Macit, Bozkırın Son Fatihi Emir Timur: Tarihi ve Avrupa Diplomasisi (Ankara: Gece Kitaplığı, 2018), 150-51.

Shortened notes
İbnü’l Esîr, el-Kâmil fi’t-Târîh, 9:110.
el-Makrîzî, es-sülûk li ma'rifeti Düveli'l-Mülûk, 5:379.
Kaya, Moğolların Gizli Tarihçesi, 68.
el-Hüseynî, Târîh-i Kebîr, 150.
Ruy Gonzâlez de Clavijo, Kadis’ten Semerkant’a Seyahat, 192.
Acar, Kâsım Hanlığı, 53.
Eğilmez and Macit, Bozkırın Son Fatihi Emir Timur, 160.

Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)
Acar, Serkan. Kâsım Hanlığı. İstanbul: IQ Kültür Sanat Yayıncılık, 2008.
Ca’ferî b. Muhammed el-Hüseynî. Târîh-i Kebîr (Tevârîh-i Enbiyâ ve Mülûk). Transleted by İsmail Aka. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu, 2011.
Eğilmez, Savaş, and Ensar Macit. Bozkırın Son Fatihi Emir Timur: Tarihi ve Avrupa Diplomasisi. Ankara: Gece Kitaplığı, 2018.
el-Makrîzî. es-sülûk li ma'rifeti Düveli'l-Mülûk. Verified by Muhammed Abdulkadir Atâ. Vol. 5, Beyrut: Dâru’l-Kütübi’l- İlmiyye, 1997.
İbnü’l Esîr. İslâm Tarihi: el-Kâmil fi’t-Târîh Tercümesi. Translated by Ahmet Ağırakça, Beşir Eryarsor, Zülfikar Tüccar, Abdulkerim Özaydın, Yunus Apaydın ve Abdullah Köse. 1st ed. Vol. 9. 10 vols. İstanbul: Ocak Yayıncılık, 2016.
Kaya, Mehmet Levent, trans. Moğolların Gizli Tarihçesi. 1st ed. İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayıncılık, 2011.
Ruy Gonzâlez de Clavijo. Timur Devrinde Kadis’ten Semerkant’a Seyahat. Translated by Ömer Rıza Doğrul. İstanbul: Köprü Kitapları, 2016.

Chapter or other part of an edited book
Note
Savaş Eğilmez and Ahmet Safa Yıldırım, “Bayramlu Beyliği ve Beylik Mirası Olarak ‘Ordu’ Adı”, in Çayeli’nden Erzurum’a Yrd. Doç. Dr. Cemil Kutlu Armağan Kitap, ed. Selami Kılıç and Ahmet Safa Yıldırım (Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2016), 320-21.
Ahmet Safa Yıldırım, “Beyliğin Adı Üzerine Bir Analiz: Hacıemiroğulları mı? Bayramlu mu?”, in Orta Karadeniz’de Türk İskânı: Bayramlı/Hacıemiroğulları Beyliği, ed. Sadullah Gülten et al. (Ordu: Ordu Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2023), 17.

Shortened note
Eğilmez ve Yıldırım, "Bayramlu Beyliği", 316.
Yıldırım, “Beyliğin Adı Üzerine Bir Analiz”, 18.

Bibliography entry
Eğilmez, Savaş and Ahmet Safa Yıldırım. “Bayramlu Beyliği ve Beylik Mirası Olarak ‘Ordu’ Adı”. In Çayeli’nden Erzurum’a Yrd. Doç. Dr. Cemil Kutlu Armağan Kitap. edited by Selami Kılıç and Ahmet Safa Yıldırım. 307-46. Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2016.
Yıldırım, Ahmet Safa. “Beyliğin Adı Üzerine Bir Analiz: Hacıemiroğulları mı? Bayramlu mu?”. In Orta Karadeniz’de Türk İskânı: Bayramlı/Hacıemiroğulları Beyliği. edited by Sadullah Gülten, Murat Özkan, Mesut Karakulak and Kamil Yavuz. 13-27. Ordu: Ordu Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2023.

Manuscript
Note
Hâce Kerîmüddin Mahmud b. Muhammed, “Tezkire-i Aksarâyî der Târih-i Hulefâ ve Âl-i Selçuk ve Âl-i Cengiz”, cop. Muhammed b. Ali Katib h 745, 112-13, Ali Emiri Koleksiyonu, 34 Ae Farsça 674, İstanbul Millet Kütüphanesi.

Shortened note
Hâce Kerîmüddin Mahmud, “Tezkire-i Aksarâyî der Târih-i Hulefâ”, 13.

Bibliography entry
Hâce Kerîmüddin Mahmud b. Muhammed. “Tezkire-i Aksarâyî der Târih-i Hulefâ ve Âl-i Selçuk ve Âl-i Cengiz”. Copied by Muhammed b. Ali Katib, 745(h). Ali Emiri Koleksiyonu, 34 Ae Farsça 674, İstanbul Millet Kütüphanesi.

Journal Article
Notes
Erkan Göksu, “Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti’ne Tâbi‘ Devletler ve Tâbiiyet Hukuku Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, Belleten 81, no. 290 (April 2017): 47.
Savaş Eğilmez, Ahmet Safa Yıldırım and Yunus Emre Aydın, “Ceneviz Ticaret Kolonisi Simisso (1280-1420)”, Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi 36, no. 2 (December 2021): 533-34, https://doi.org/10.18513/egetid.1050201.

Shortened notes
Göksu, “Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti’ne Tâbi‘ Devletler”, 60.
Eğilmez, Yıldırım ve Aydın, “Ceneviz Ticaret Kolonisi Simisso”, 540.

Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)
Eğilmez, Savaş, Ahmet Safa Yıldırım and Yunus Emre Aydın. “Ceneviz Ticaret Kolonisi Simisso (1280-1420)”. Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi 36, no. 2 (December 2021): 527-63. https://doi.org/10.18513/egetid.1050201.
Göksu, Erkan. “Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti’ne Tâbi‘ Devletler ve Tâbiiyet Hukuku Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”. Belleten 81, no. 290 (April 2017): 43-65.

Encyclopedia Article
Note
Ali Sevim, “Malazgirt Muharebesi”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 27 (Ankara: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları, 2003), 482.

Shortened note
Sevim, “Malazgirt Muharebesi”, 483.

Bibliography entry
Sevim, Ali. “Malazgirt Muharebesi”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 27:481-83. Ankara: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları, 2003.

Thesis
Note
Ahmet Safa Yıldırım, "XIII–XV. Yüzyıllarda Karadeniz’de Ceneviz Ticaret Kolonileri ve Ticaret" (PhD diss. Ataturk University, 2022), 210-20.

Shortened note
Yıldırım, "Karadeniz’de Ceneviz Ticaret Kolonileri ve Ticaret", 222.

Bibliography entry
Yıldırım, Ahmet Safa. "XIII–XV. Yüzyıllarda Karadeniz’de Ceneviz Ticaret Kolonileri ve Ticaret". PhD diss., Ataturk University, 2022.

PRODUCTION
Once a manuscript has been accepted for publication, it goes through a copy-editing process by professional language editors to ensure that it is clear and well-written. This process may involve correcting grammar, punctuation, and formatting errors, as well as making changes to improve the overall clarity and readability of the manuscript.

After the copy-editing process is complete, the manuscript is published online as an "ahead-of-print" publication, which means that it is available to readers before it is included in a scheduled issue of the journal. This allows readers to access the latest research as soon as it becomes available.

Before the manuscript is officially published, the corresponding author is sent a PDF proof of the accepted manuscript for review. The corresponding author is asked to review the proof and approve it for publication within a specified time period, typically 2 days. This is an important step in the publication process, as it allows the author to catch any errors or make any final changes before the manuscript is published.