Uluslararası Politik Ekonomide Bir Dengeleme Aracı Olarak Asya Altyapı ve Yatırım Bankası

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin (ÇHC) uluslararası politik ekonomide artan etkinliği incelenecektir. Bu bağlamda 2016 yılında Çin tarafından kurulan Asya Altyapı ve Yatırım Bankası (AIIB) mercek altına alınacaktır. Hem Batılı hem de gelişmekte olan ülkeler alternatif bir finans kaynağı olmasından dolayı Çin’in bu girişimini olumlu karşılamış ve üye olmuşlardır. Uluslararası Para Fonu (IMF), Dünya Bankası, Asya Kalkınma Bankası gibi Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) merkezli finansal kuruluşların aksine AIIB daha katılımcı bir kuruluş olma iddiasındadır. Bir başka deyişle, her ne kadar ÇHC tarafından kurulmuş olsa da sadece Çin’in değil, gelişmekte olan Asya ülkelerinin menfaatine de hizmet etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu bakımdan Çin tarafından ABD merkezli kuruluşların bilhassa yönetim şekillerine yöneltilen eleştiriler AIIB’de giderilmeye çalışılmıştır. Buna ek olarak koşullu kredi sistemi de kaldırılarak devletlerin egemenlikleri ilkesine uygun ilişkiler kurulmaktadır. Dolayısıyla Çin, AIIB’yi sadece finansal bir kuruluş olarak değil, ABD merkezli kuruluşlara alternatif bir yapı olarak düşünmektedir. Bu çalışmada Çin’in bu kuruluşu neden ve nasıl alternatif olarak düşündüğü değerlendirilecektir.

Keywords

• Asya Altyapı ve Yatırım Bankası,Uluslararası Politik Ekonomi,Çin Hegemonyası

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