OECD Ülkeleri İçin Refah Ölçümü: Gri İlişkisel Analiz Uygulaması

Year 2019, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 310 - 327, 26.08.2019

Hasan Türe

Abstract

Son yıllarda refah değerlendirmesine
olan ilginin artması, bölgesel ve ulusal düzeyde refahın ölçülmesinde çok
çeşitli istatistiksel ve optimizasyon tekniklerinin kullanılmasını sağlamıştır.
Bu çalışmada, gri ilişkisel analizini (GRA) entropy formülü ile birleştiren metodolojik
bir yaklaşım kullanılarak, 34 OECD ülkesinin refah düzeyi skorlarının
hesaplanması amaçlanmıştır. Refah ölçümü OECD'nin iki boyutlu çerçevesi göz
önüne alınarak incelenmiştir. Bu boyutlardan ilki olan yaşam kalitesi boyutu
sağlık durumu, iş - yaşam dengesi, eğitim - beceriler, sosyal bağlantılar,
sivil katılım - yönetişim, çevresel kalite, kişisel güvenlik, öznel refah gibi
göstergeleri ile incelenmektedir. Diğer boyut olan fiziki durum ise gelir - servet,
iş - kazanç ve barınma göstergelerini kapsamaktadır. OECD Bölgesel Refah Veri
tabanından toplanan, yaşam kalitesi ve fiziki duruma ilişkin göstergeler 15
yıllık dönem (2000-2014) içerisindeki en güncel verilerden oluşmaktadır. Sonuç
olarak, İzlanda, Avustralya, Norveç ve İsviçre'nin en yüksek refah seviyesine
ulaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Sıralamanın diğer ucunda yer alan Macaristan,
Yunanistan, Türkiye ve Meksika’nın ise nispeten daha düşük refah seviyesine
sahip oldukları gözlenmiştir.

Keywords

Refah seviyesi, entropy, OECD, çok amaçlı karar verme

Measuring Wellbeing in OECD: An Application of Grey Relational Analysis

Abstract

There has been growing interest in the assessment of well-being in
recent years and a wide range of statistical and optimization techniques have
been used to measure well-being at regional and national level. This paper aims
at computing the well-being scores of 34 OECD countries, using a methodological
approach that combines grey relational analysis (GRA) with entropy formula. The
measurement of well-being process was examined by considering the
two-dimensional framework of the OECD. The dimension of quality of life is
examined by the indicators such as health status, work – life balance,
education – skills, social connections, civic engagement – governance,
environmental quality, personal security, subjective well-being. And the
dimension of material living and conditions covers income – wealth, jobs –
earnings and housing indicators. The data were collected from the OECD Regional
Well-Being Database. The data used in this study refer to last available
year in 15-year period (2000–2014), belonging to various quality of life and
material conditions.  Consequently, it was revealed that Iceland,
Australia, Norway and Switzerland have achieved the highest level of
well–being. At the other end of ranking, Hungary, Greece, Turkey, and Mexico have
been observed to have relatively lowest well–being level.

Keywords

Well-being, entropy, OECD, multi-objective optimization

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