Research Article

Varnish Application in Conservation-Restoration of Oil Paintings: Comparison of Regalrez 1094, Ketone (MS2A) and Dammar Resin Varnish

Number: 19 December 30, 2025
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Varnish Application in Conservation-Restoration of Oil Paintings: Comparison of Regalrez 1094, Ketone (MS2A) and Dammar Resin Varnish

Abstract

Artists have mostly used the materials closest to them to express their inner selves and creativity. At the point where basic needs are met and they start choosing materials by focusing on function rather than need to produce works of art, they have stopped using many materials. They have started to search for new materials and preferred to use functional materials. In this context, artists have used many different materials and techniques in their oil paintings, and they continue to use different materials and techniques today. New methods and systems have been developed to extend the life of the work after the creation process. Thus, as much as the conservation processes of the paintings have become important, the materials used are also important. When varnishes on oil paintings lose their functional properties, and they start to cause problems for the painting. At this point, they need to be taken back. In this context, it was aimed to determine the signs and characteristics of aging because of the artificial aging process of the traditional and currently frequently used resins; regalrez 1094, ketone (MS2A) and dammar varnishes. These varnishes were applied on slides prepared with their most frequently used combinations and were gradually aged. The samples were examined with SEM, VIS, UV, light microscope and NMR and the effects of aging were investigated. As a result, it was aimed to provide information to conservators who will work with these varnishes for conservation about the changes in the materials they use over time.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

İstanbul Üniversitesi - Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri (B.A.P.)

Project Number

BAP-37602

Thanks

This study was funded by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Istanbul University, Project Number: BAP-37602. The authors owe a debt of gratitude to the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Istanbul University. We would also like to thank Sezen Dallık and Suna Dallık Öztürk.

References

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  5. De La Rie, E. R. (1993). Polymer additives for synthetic low-molecular-weight varnishes. In ICOM Committee for Conservation: 10th Triennial Meeting, Washington, D.C., USA, 22–27 August 1993 (pp. 566–579). ICOM.
  6. Van Duijn, E., & Filedt Kok, J. P. (2016). The restoration of Rembrandt’s Night Watch. The Burlington Magazine, 158(1335), 128–135.
  7. Feller, R. L., Stolow, N., & Jones, E. H. (1985). On picture varnishes and their solvents. National Gallery of Art.
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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Visual Cultures, Cultural and Natural Heritage, Art History, Theory and Criticism (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 30, 2025

Submission Date

February 27, 2025

Acceptance Date

August 14, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Number: 19

APA
Dallık, M. K., & Emre, G. (2025). Varnish Application in Conservation-Restoration of Oil Paintings: Comparison of Regalrez 1094, Ketone (MS2A) and Dammar Resin Varnish. Artuklu Humanities, 19, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.46628/ahu.1645201
AMA
1.Dallık MK, Emre G. Varnish Application in Conservation-Restoration of Oil Paintings: Comparison of Regalrez 1094, Ketone (MS2A) and Dammar Resin Varnish. Artuklu Humanities. 2025;(19):1-28. doi:10.46628/ahu.1645201
Chicago
Dallık, Mustafa Kemal, and Gülder Emre. 2025. “Varnish Application in Conservation-Restoration of Oil Paintings: Comparison of Regalrez 1094, Ketone (MS2A) and Dammar Resin Varnish”. Artuklu Humanities, nos. 19: 1-28. https://doi.org/10.46628/ahu.1645201.
EndNote
Dallık MK, Emre G (December 1, 2025) Varnish Application in Conservation-Restoration of Oil Paintings: Comparison of Regalrez 1094, Ketone (MS2A) and Dammar Resin Varnish. Artuklu Humanities 19 1–28.
IEEE
[1]M. K. Dallık and G. Emre, “Varnish Application in Conservation-Restoration of Oil Paintings: Comparison of Regalrez 1094, Ketone (MS2A) and Dammar Resin Varnish”, Artuklu Humanities, no. 19, pp. 1–28, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.46628/ahu.1645201.
ISNAD
Dallık, Mustafa Kemal - Emre, Gülder. “Varnish Application in Conservation-Restoration of Oil Paintings: Comparison of Regalrez 1094, Ketone (MS2A) and Dammar Resin Varnish”. Artuklu Humanities. 19 (December 1, 2025): 1-28. https://doi.org/10.46628/ahu.1645201.
JAMA
1.Dallık MK, Emre G. Varnish Application in Conservation-Restoration of Oil Paintings: Comparison of Regalrez 1094, Ketone (MS2A) and Dammar Resin Varnish. Artuklu Humanities. 2025;:1–28.
MLA
Dallık, Mustafa Kemal, and Gülder Emre. “Varnish Application in Conservation-Restoration of Oil Paintings: Comparison of Regalrez 1094, Ketone (MS2A) and Dammar Resin Varnish”. Artuklu Humanities, no. 19, Dec. 2025, pp. 1-28, doi:10.46628/ahu.1645201.
Vancouver
1.Mustafa Kemal Dallık, Gülder Emre. Varnish Application in Conservation-Restoration of Oil Paintings: Comparison of Regalrez 1094, Ketone (MS2A) and Dammar Resin Varnish. Artuklu Humanities. 2025 Dec. 1;(19):1-28. doi:10.46628/ahu.1645201