Ebeveynlerin Başarı Baskısı ve Ergenlerin Sınav Kaygısı: Ergen-Ebeveyn Kariyer Uyumunun ve Kariyer Farkındalığının Rolü

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, ebeveyn başarı baskısının ergenlerdeki sınav kaygısına etkisinde ergen-ebeveyn kariyer uyumu ile kariyer farkındalığının zincirleme çoklu aracılık rolü Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi (YEM) kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını, İstanbul'un iki farklı ilçesindeki liselerde eğitim gören 129 kadın (%41,3) ve 183 erkek (%58,7) olmak üzere toplam 312 ergen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak ‘Kişisel Bilgi Formu’, ‘Ergen-Ebeveyn Kariyer Uyum Ölçeği’, ‘Kariyer Farkındalık Ölçeği’, ‘Ebeveyn Başarı Baskısı Ölçeği’ ve ‘Westside Sınav Kaygısı Ölçeği’ kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, ebeveyn başarı baskısının ergenlerin sınav kaygısı üzerinde doğrudan ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ebeveyn başarı baskısı, ergenin ebeveyniyle kurduğu kariyer uyumunu anlamlı düzeyde azaltmakta; bu kariyer uyumu ise ergenin kariyer farkındalığını artırmaktadır. Kariyer farkındalığı, sınav kaygısını anlamlı düzeyde azaltan bir değişkendir. Ancak aracılık analizine göre yalnızca ebeveyn başarı baskısından ergen-ebeveyn kariyer uyumu üzerinden sınav kaygısına giden dolaylı yol anlamlı bulunmuştur. Kariyer farkındalığı üzerinden işleyen tekli ya da ardışık dolaylı yolların anlamlı olmadığı saptanmıştır. Bulgular, ebeveyn başarı baskısının ergenlerin sınav kaygısını artırdığını göstermiştir. Ergen-ebeveyn kariyer uyumu bu ilişkide anlamlı bir aracı rol oynarken, kariyer farkındalığının tek başına ve sıralı aracılık etkileri anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Sonuçlar, sınav kaygısının açıklanmasında kariyer farkındalığından ziyade ebeveynlerle kariyer sürecine ilişkin uyumun daha belirleyici bir faktör olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bulgular, kariyer gelişiminde ebeveyn-ergen uyumunun önemini vurgulayan önceki araştırmalarla tutarlılık göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Ergen
• Ebeveyn başarı baskısı
• Sınav kaygısı
• Kariyer uyumu
• Kariyer farkındalığı

Parental Achievement Pressure and Adolescents’ Exam Anxiety: The Role of Adolescent–Parent Career Congruence and Career Awareness

Abstract

This study investigated the mediating role of adolescent-parent career fit and career awareness in the effect of parental achievement pressure on test anxiety in adolescents, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The participants consisted of 312 adolescents (129 women (41.3%) and 183 men (58.7%)) attending high schools in two different districts of Istanbul. Data collection instruments included a ‘Personal Information Form’, the ‘Adolescent-Parent Career Fit Scale’, the ‘Career Awareness Scale’, the ‘Parental Achievement Pressure Scale’, and the ‘Westside Test Anxiety Scale’. The findings revealed that parental achievement pressure has a direct and statistically significant effect on adolescent test anxiety. Parental achievement pressure significantly reduces the career fit between adolescents and their parents, while this fit increases adolescents' career awareness. Career awareness is a variable that significantly reduces test anxiety. However, according to mediation analysis, only the indirect path from parental success pressure to test anxiety via adolescent-parent career fit was found to be significant. Single or sequential indirect paths operating through career awareness were found to be insignificant. The findings indicate that parental success pressure increases test anxiety in adolescents. While adolescent-parent career fit plays a significant mediating role in this relationship, the mediating effects of career awareness alone and sequentially were not significant. The results suggest that parental fit regarding the career process is a more decisive factor in explaining test anxiety than career awareness. These findings are consistent with previous research emphasizing the importance of parent-adolescent fit in career development.

Keywords

• Adolescent
• Parental achievement pressure
• Test anxiety
• Career adaptation
• Career awareness

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