Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Çokluğa Dayalı Tahmin Beceri ve Stratejilerinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin çokluğa dayalı tahmin becerisini incelemektir. Ayrıca öğrencilerin bu beceriye ilişkin soruları cevaplarken kullandığı tahmin stratejilerinin soru türüne ve cinsiyete göre değişiminin incelenmesi de amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama ve nedensel karşılaştırma türüne uygun bir araştırma süreci ve veri analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın örneklemi, bir devlet okulunda öğrenim gören 102 sekizinci sınıf öğrencisidir. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Çokluğa Dayalı Tahmin Testi” kullanılmıştır. Bu testte “referans sunulmayan”, “seçenekli referans” ve “referanslı tahmin” olmak üzere üç soru türü bulunmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde, çokluğa dayalı tahmin testinden alınan puanların cinsiyete göre anlamlı düzeyde farklı olup olmadığını belirlemek için Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Soru türüne göre alınan puanlar arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla Spearman korelasyon testinden yararlanılmıştır. Ayrıca öğrenci cevap kâğıtları alan yazınında belirlenen stratejilerden yararlanılarak derinlemesine incelenmiştir. Verilerden elde edilen bulgulara göre öğrencilerin büyük bir kısmının çokluğa dayalı tahmin becerisinin orta düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin referanslı tahmin soru türünde daha iyi performans gösterdikleri bulunmuştur. Referanslı tahmin türündeki sorularda “birim yineleme” stratejisi kullanılırken referans sunulmayan tahmin soru türünde “göz kararı”, seçenekli referans soru türünde ise “referans alarak karşılaştırma” stratejisi kullanılmıştır. Tahmin sürecinde referans büyüklüğün sunulması durumunda öğrencilerin daha iyi bir performans gösterdikleri gözlemlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Çokluğa dayalı tahmin
• Tahmin stratejileri
• Referans alarak karşılaştırma
• Birim yineleme

An Investigation of Eighth-Grade Students’ Numerosity Estimation Skills and Strategies

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine eighth-grade students’ numerosity estimation skills and to explore how the strategies they use vary by question type and gender. The research employed a process consistent with correlational survey and causal-comparative designs. The sample consisted of 102 eighth-grade students from a public school. Data were collected through the “Numerosity Estimation Test,” developed by the researchers, which includes three types of items: no-reference, multiple-choice reference, and reference-based estimation. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to determine whether students’ scores differed significantly by gender, while Spearman correlation analysis examined relationships among scores across question types. Student response sheets were also analyzed in depth based on strategies identified in the literature. The findings showed that most students demonstrated a moderate level of numerosity estimation skill. Students performed best on reference-based estimation items. They tended to use the “unit iteration” strategy for reference-based questions, “eyeball” for no-reference items, and “reference/benchmark comparison” for multiple-choice reference items. Overall, the results suggest that providing a reference quantity supports students in producing more accurate estimations.

Keywords

• Numerosity estimation
• Estimation strategies
• Reference/benchmark comparison
• Unit iteration

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