FEN ÖĞRETİMİ VE ÖLÇME YAKLAŞIMLARININ ÖĞRENCİLERİN İLKÖĞRETİM FEN BAŞARISI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2009, Volume 9, Issue 2, 1 - 11, 15.03.2016

Evrim GENÇ KUMTEPE

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, fen öğretim ve ölçme uygulamalarının ilköğretim düzeyindeki öğrencilerin fen başarısına etkisini incelemektir. Çalışmada, Okul Öncesi Uzun Dönem Araştırması-Anaokulu Sınıfı 1998- 99 verileri (ECLS-K) kullanılmıştır. İlköğretim dönemi çocukların verilerini içeren bu çalışmaya ilişkin veri seti 2004 yılında yayımlanmıştır. Öğrenci ve öğretmen düzeyi değişkenlerinden cinsiyet, sınıf ve fen öğretimi ve ölçme tekniklerinin (üst düzey düşünme becerileri, fen etkinliklerine ayrılan zaman ve test tabanlı ölçme uygulamaları gibi) öğrenci fen bilgisi başarısına etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla çoklu regresyon modeli uygulanmıştır. Önerilen regresyon modeli, öğrencilerin fen bilgisi başarısındaki varyasyonun yaklaşık %11’ini istatistiksel olarak önemli düzeyde açıklamıştır. Ayrıca, modelin açıklanmasında, tüm bağımsız değişkenlerin etkisi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Özellikle erkek öğrencilerin ve üçüncü sınıfların fen başarısı kız öğrencilerden ve ikinci sınıflardan önemli düzeyde yüksektir. Ayrıca, öğretmenler alternatif ölçme tekniklerini kullanmaya ve analiz, sentez ve değerlendirme gibi üst-düzey düşünme becerilerine odaklandıklarında, öğrenciler fen dersinden daha fazla yararlanmıştır.

Keywords

Fen öğretimi, fen başarısı, üst düzey düşünme beceriler, ECLS-K

INFLUENCE OF SCIENCE TEACHING AND ASSESSMENT MODALITIES ON STUDENTS’ ELEMENTARY SCIENCE PERFORMANCE

Abstract

The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of science instruction and assessment practices on elementary level students’ science success utilizing the data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-99 (ECLS-K). The specific data set of the study regarding elementary school age children’s variables was released in 2004. A multiple regression modeling technique was employed to explore the effects of students and teacher level variables, including gender, grade level, science teaching and assessment techniques (such as emphasizing higher-order thinking skills, the time allocated for science-related activities, and test-based assessment practices) on students’ science achievement. Regression analysis of the proposed model revealed that the model significantly explained about 11% of the variance on students’ science scale scores. Furthermore, all predictors significantly contributed and estimated students’ science performance in the model. Specifically, the boys and the third graders had significantly higher mean science scores than the girls and the second graders. Moreover, when teachers tend to implement alternative assessment methods and focus more on higher-order skills such as analysis, synthesis, and evaluation in science, students benefited more in science. 

Keywords

Science teaching, science achievement, higher-order thinking skills, ECLS-K

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