Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Psikosomatik Belirtiler ile Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları ve Bağlanma Stilleri Arasındaki İlişkide Psikolojik Dayanıklılığın Aracı Rolü

Year 2024, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 2528 - 2541, 15.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2024..-1555643

Abstract

Psikosomatik belirtiler, bireylerin psikolojik durumlarının fiziksel belirtilerle ortaya çıkmasıdır ve bu durum, özellikle çocukluk döneminde yaşanan travmalarla ilişkilidir. Bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinde psikosomatik belirtiler ile çocukluk çağı travmaları ve bağlanma stilleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemekte ve psikolojik dayanıklılığın bu ilişkilerdeki aracı rolünü ele almaktadır. Bu araştırma nicel yöntemlerden tanımlayıcı tipte ve ilişkisel bir çalışmadır. Veriler kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle toplanmış olup ölçümler öz-bildirim yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan sürekli değişkenler çocukluk çağı travmaları, psikolojik dayanıklılık ve psikosomatik belirtilerdir. Kategorik değişken olarak da üç boyutlu bağlanma stili kullanılmıştır. Bu stiller güvenli bağlanma, kaçınan bağlanma ve kaygılı-kararsız bağlanmadır. Çalışmada, çocukluk çağı travmalarının psikolojik dayanıklılığı düşürdüğü ve dolaylı olarak psikosomatik belirtileri artırdığı bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, güvensiz bağlanma stillerinin (kaçınan ve kaygılı-kararsız) de psikolojik dayanıklılıkla negatif ilişkiler gösterdiği ve dolaylı olarak psikosomatik belirtilerle pozitif ilişkiler gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Yüksek psikolojik dayanıklılığa sahip bireylerde bu etkinin hafiflediği bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın bulguları, eğitim süreçlerinde psikosomatik belirtileri azaltmaya yönelik psikolojik dayanıklılığı artırıcı programların geliştirilmesinin önemine işaret etmektedir. Eğitimcilerin ve sosyal psikolojinin uygulama alanlarında faaliyet gösteren araştırmacıların, öğrencilerin travmatik geçmişlerine duyarlı olmaları ve bu öğrenciler için uygun psikososyal destek programları geliştirmeleri gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır.

Project Number

1919B012304598

References

  • Ainsworth, M. S. (1979). Infant–mother attachment. American Psychologist, 34(10), 932–937. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.34.10.932
  • Aras, N. Y., Topkaya, N., & Şahin, E. (2023). Yetişkin bireylerde cinsiyet, çocukluk çağı travmaları, yaşamda anlam, öz-şefkat ve psikolojik sağlamlık arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. İçtimaiyat, 7(1), 168-183. https://doi.org/10.33709/ictimaiyat.1168719
  • Basım, H. N. & Çetin, F. (2011). Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği'nin Güvenilirlik ve Geçerlilik Çalışması, Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 22(2), 104-114.
  • Bernstein, D. P., Fink, L., Handelsman, L., Foote, J., Lovejoy, M., Wenzel, K., Sapareto, E., & Ruggiero, J. (1994). Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151(8), 1132–1136. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.8.1132
  • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and Loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. Basic Books.
  • Campo, J. V. (2012). Annual Research Review: Functional somatic symptoms and associated anxiety and depression–developmental psychopathology in pediatric practice. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, 53(5), 575-592. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02535.x
  • Coşkun, H., Pehlivan, N. N., & Akben, C. (2020). Şizofren veya Normal Bireyden Gelen Düşünceler ile Düşüncelerin Sıradanlığı ve Orijinalliğinin Yaratıcılığa Etkisi. Kesit Akademi Dergisi, (21), 31-48.
  • Dray, J., Bowman, J., Campbell, E., Freund, M., Wolfenden, L., Hodder, R. K., ... & Wiggers, J. (2017). Systematic review of universal resilience-focused interventions targeting child and adolescent mental health in the school setting. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(10), 813-824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.07.780
  • Dülgerler, Ş. (2000). İlköğretim Okulu Öğretmenlerinde Somatizasyon Ölçeğinin Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Ege Üniversitesi.
  • Erzen, E. (2016). Üç boyutlu bağlanma stilleri ölçeği. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(3), 01-21. https://doi.org/10.17679/iuefd.17323631
  • Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses, Behavior Research Methods, 41, 1149-1160. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
  • Friborg, O., Hjemdal, O., Rosenvinge, J. H., & Martinussen, M. (2003). A new rating scale for adult resilience: what are the central protective resources behind healthy adjustment?. International journal of methods in psychiatric research, 12(2), 65-76. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.143
  • Gültepe, B. & Coskun, H. (2016). Music and cognitive stimulation influence idea generation. Psychology of Music, 44(1), 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735615580356
  • Greene, J. W. & Walker, L. S. (1997). Psychosomatic problems and stress in adolescence. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 44(6), 1557-1572. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-3955(05)70574-5
  • Hathaway, S. R. & McKinley, J. C. (1943). The Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (2. Baskı) University of Minnesota Press.
  • Herman, J. L. (2015). Trauma and recovery: The aftermath of violence--from domestic abuse to political terror. Basic Books.
  • Janssens, K. A., Oldehinkel, A. J., Dijkstra, J. K., Veenstra, R., & Rosmalen, J. G. (2011). School absenteeism as a perpetuating factor of functional somatic symptoms in adolescents: the TRAILS study. The Journal of pediatrics, 159(6), 988-993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.06.008
  • Lipowski, Z. J. (1988). Somatization: the concept and its clinical application. Am. J. Psychiatry, 145(11), 1358-1368. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.145.11.1358
  • Masten, A. S. & Cicchetti, D. (2016). Resilience in development: Progress and transformation. D. Cicchetti (Ed.), Developmental psychopathology içinde (ss. 271-333). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Masten, A. S. (2014). Global perspectives on resilience in children and youth. Child development, 85(1), 6-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12205
  • Natvig, G. K., Albrektsen, G., Anderssen, N., & Qvarnstrøm, U. (1999). School‐related stress and psychosomatic symptoms among school adolescents. Journal of school health, 69(9), 362-368. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1999.tb06430.x
  • O’Connor, E. E., Dearing, E., & Collins, B. A. (2011). Teacher-child relationship and behavior problem trajectories in elementary school. American educational research journal, 48(1), 120-162. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831210365008
  • O'Bryan, E. M., McLeish, A. C., Kraemer, K. M., & Fleming, J. B. (2015). Emotion regulation difficulties and posttraumatic stress disorder symptom cluster severity among trauma-exposed college students. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 7(2), 131-137. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037764
  • Pituch, K.A. & Stevens, J.P. (2016). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences. 6th edition. New York: Routledge.
  • Sadeghi, S., Dolatshahi, B., Pourshahbaz, A., Zarei, M., & Kami, M. (2017). Relationship between traumatic experiences and somatic symptoms severity in students. Practice in Clinical Psychology, 5(3), 211-216. https://doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.jpcp.5.3.211
  • Schumacker, R.E. & Lomax, R.G. (2016). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modelling. 4th edition. New York: Routledge.
  • Soleimanpour, S., Geierstanger, S., & Brindis, C. D. (2017). Adverse childhood experiences and resilience: Addressing the unique needs of adolescents. Academic pediatrics, 17(7), S108-S114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2017.01.008
  • Stekel, W. (1924), Peculiarities of Behaviour, Vols. 1–2, Williams and Norgate, London.
  • Stekel, W. (1943), The Interpretation of Dreams, Vols. 1–2, Liveright, New York.
  • Şar, V., Necef, I., Mutluer, T., Fatih, P., & Türk-Kurtça, T. (2021). A revised and expanded version of the Turkish Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33): Overprotection-overcontrol as additional factor. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 22(1), 35-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2020.1760171
  • Şar, V., Öztürk, E., & İkikardeş, E. (2012). Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 32(4), 1054–1063. https://doi.org/10.5336/medsci.2011-26947
  • Ungar, M. (2011). Social ecologies and their contribution to resilience. The social ecology of resilience: A handbook of theory and practice içinde (ss. 13-31). Springer.
  • Waldinger, R. J., Schulz, M. S., Barsky, A. J. & Ahern, D. K. (2006). Mapping the road from childhood trauma to adult somatization: the role of attachment. Psychosomatic medicine, 68(1), 129-135. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000195834.37094.a4
  • Wood, B. L., Klebba, K. B., & Miller, B. D. (2000). Evolving the biobehavioral family model: The fit of attachment. Family process, 39(3), 319-344. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2000.39305.x
  • Verschueren, K, & Koomen, H. M. (2012). Teacher–child relationships from an attachment perspective. Attachment & human development, 14(3), 205-211. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2012.672260

The Mediator Role of Psychological Resilience in the Relationship Between Psychosomatic Symptoms and Childhood Trauma and Attachment Styles in University Students

Year 2024, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 2528 - 2541, 15.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2024..-1555643

Abstract

Psychosomatic symptoms are the manifestation of individuals' psychological states through physical symptoms, particularly associated with childhood traumas. This study aims to examine the relationship between psychosomatic symptoms, childhood trauma, and attachment styles in university students, addressing the mediating role of psychological resilience in these relationships. The research employs a descriptive and correlational quantitative methodology. Data were collected using convenience sampling, and measurements were obtained through self-report methods. Continuous variables in the study include childhood trauma, psychological resilience, and psychosomatic symptoms. The categorical variable consists of three attachment styles: secure, avoidant, and anxious-ambivalent. The findings revealed that childhood traumas decreased psychological resilience and indirectly increased psychosomatic symptoms. Furthermore, insecure attachment styles (avoidant and anxious-ambivalent) were found to have negative associations with psychological resilience and positive indirect associations with psychosomatic symptoms. The effect of these factors was mitigated in individuals with higher psychological resilience. The findings highlight the importance of developing programs aimed at enhancing psychological resilience to reduce psychosomatic symptoms in educational settings. It is emphasized that educators and researchers in applied social psychology should remain sensitive to students’ traumatic histories and design appropriate psychosocial support programs for these individuals.

Project Number

1919B012304598

References

  • Ainsworth, M. S. (1979). Infant–mother attachment. American Psychologist, 34(10), 932–937. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.34.10.932
  • Aras, N. Y., Topkaya, N., & Şahin, E. (2023). Yetişkin bireylerde cinsiyet, çocukluk çağı travmaları, yaşamda anlam, öz-şefkat ve psikolojik sağlamlık arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. İçtimaiyat, 7(1), 168-183. https://doi.org/10.33709/ictimaiyat.1168719
  • Basım, H. N. & Çetin, F. (2011). Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği'nin Güvenilirlik ve Geçerlilik Çalışması, Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 22(2), 104-114.
  • Bernstein, D. P., Fink, L., Handelsman, L., Foote, J., Lovejoy, M., Wenzel, K., Sapareto, E., & Ruggiero, J. (1994). Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151(8), 1132–1136. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.8.1132
  • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and Loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. Basic Books.
  • Campo, J. V. (2012). Annual Research Review: Functional somatic symptoms and associated anxiety and depression–developmental psychopathology in pediatric practice. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, 53(5), 575-592. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02535.x
  • Coşkun, H., Pehlivan, N. N., & Akben, C. (2020). Şizofren veya Normal Bireyden Gelen Düşünceler ile Düşüncelerin Sıradanlığı ve Orijinalliğinin Yaratıcılığa Etkisi. Kesit Akademi Dergisi, (21), 31-48.
  • Dray, J., Bowman, J., Campbell, E., Freund, M., Wolfenden, L., Hodder, R. K., ... & Wiggers, J. (2017). Systematic review of universal resilience-focused interventions targeting child and adolescent mental health in the school setting. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(10), 813-824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.07.780
  • Dülgerler, Ş. (2000). İlköğretim Okulu Öğretmenlerinde Somatizasyon Ölçeğinin Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Ege Üniversitesi.
  • Erzen, E. (2016). Üç boyutlu bağlanma stilleri ölçeği. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(3), 01-21. https://doi.org/10.17679/iuefd.17323631
  • Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses, Behavior Research Methods, 41, 1149-1160. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
  • Friborg, O., Hjemdal, O., Rosenvinge, J. H., & Martinussen, M. (2003). A new rating scale for adult resilience: what are the central protective resources behind healthy adjustment?. International journal of methods in psychiatric research, 12(2), 65-76. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.143
  • Gültepe, B. & Coskun, H. (2016). Music and cognitive stimulation influence idea generation. Psychology of Music, 44(1), 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735615580356
  • Greene, J. W. & Walker, L. S. (1997). Psychosomatic problems and stress in adolescence. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 44(6), 1557-1572. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-3955(05)70574-5
  • Hathaway, S. R. & McKinley, J. C. (1943). The Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (2. Baskı) University of Minnesota Press.
  • Herman, J. L. (2015). Trauma and recovery: The aftermath of violence--from domestic abuse to political terror. Basic Books.
  • Janssens, K. A., Oldehinkel, A. J., Dijkstra, J. K., Veenstra, R., & Rosmalen, J. G. (2011). School absenteeism as a perpetuating factor of functional somatic symptoms in adolescents: the TRAILS study. The Journal of pediatrics, 159(6), 988-993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.06.008
  • Lipowski, Z. J. (1988). Somatization: the concept and its clinical application. Am. J. Psychiatry, 145(11), 1358-1368. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.145.11.1358
  • Masten, A. S. & Cicchetti, D. (2016). Resilience in development: Progress and transformation. D. Cicchetti (Ed.), Developmental psychopathology içinde (ss. 271-333). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Masten, A. S. (2014). Global perspectives on resilience in children and youth. Child development, 85(1), 6-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12205
  • Natvig, G. K., Albrektsen, G., Anderssen, N., & Qvarnstrøm, U. (1999). School‐related stress and psychosomatic symptoms among school adolescents. Journal of school health, 69(9), 362-368. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1999.tb06430.x
  • O’Connor, E. E., Dearing, E., & Collins, B. A. (2011). Teacher-child relationship and behavior problem trajectories in elementary school. American educational research journal, 48(1), 120-162. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831210365008
  • O'Bryan, E. M., McLeish, A. C., Kraemer, K. M., & Fleming, J. B. (2015). Emotion regulation difficulties and posttraumatic stress disorder symptom cluster severity among trauma-exposed college students. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 7(2), 131-137. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037764
  • Pituch, K.A. & Stevens, J.P. (2016). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences. 6th edition. New York: Routledge.
  • Sadeghi, S., Dolatshahi, B., Pourshahbaz, A., Zarei, M., & Kami, M. (2017). Relationship between traumatic experiences and somatic symptoms severity in students. Practice in Clinical Psychology, 5(3), 211-216. https://doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.jpcp.5.3.211
  • Schumacker, R.E. & Lomax, R.G. (2016). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modelling. 4th edition. New York: Routledge.
  • Soleimanpour, S., Geierstanger, S., & Brindis, C. D. (2017). Adverse childhood experiences and resilience: Addressing the unique needs of adolescents. Academic pediatrics, 17(7), S108-S114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2017.01.008
  • Stekel, W. (1924), Peculiarities of Behaviour, Vols. 1–2, Williams and Norgate, London.
  • Stekel, W. (1943), The Interpretation of Dreams, Vols. 1–2, Liveright, New York.
  • Şar, V., Necef, I., Mutluer, T., Fatih, P., & Türk-Kurtça, T. (2021). A revised and expanded version of the Turkish Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33): Overprotection-overcontrol as additional factor. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 22(1), 35-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2020.1760171
  • Şar, V., Öztürk, E., & İkikardeş, E. (2012). Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 32(4), 1054–1063. https://doi.org/10.5336/medsci.2011-26947
  • Ungar, M. (2011). Social ecologies and their contribution to resilience. The social ecology of resilience: A handbook of theory and practice içinde (ss. 13-31). Springer.
  • Waldinger, R. J., Schulz, M. S., Barsky, A. J. & Ahern, D. K. (2006). Mapping the road from childhood trauma to adult somatization: the role of attachment. Psychosomatic medicine, 68(1), 129-135. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000195834.37094.a4
  • Wood, B. L., Klebba, K. B., & Miller, B. D. (2000). Evolving the biobehavioral family model: The fit of attachment. Family process, 39(3), 319-344. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2000.39305.x
  • Verschueren, K, & Koomen, H. M. (2012). Teacher–child relationships from an attachment perspective. Attachment & human development, 14(3), 205-211. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2012.672260
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychological Foundations of Education, Psychology Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İlayda Taş 0009-0002-2128-8480

Cantürk Akben 0000-0002-2001-2784

Project Number 1919B012304598
Early Pub Date December 9, 2024
Publication Date December 15, 2024
Submission Date September 25, 2024
Acceptance Date December 3, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 24 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Taş, İ., & Akben, C. (2024). Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Psikosomatik Belirtiler ile Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları ve Bağlanma Stilleri Arasındaki İlişkide Psikolojik Dayanıklılığın Aracı Rolü. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(4), 2528-2541. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2024..-1555643