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Ceza Adaleti Açısından Psikolojik Travma ve Görgü Tanıklığı ile İlgili Bir Meta-Sentez Çalışması

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 155 - 168, 01.12.2021

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı uluslararası literatürde psikolojik travma ve görgü tanıklığı konusunda 2011-2020 yılları arasında yayınlanmış İngilizce makaleleri tarayarak psikolojik travmanın görgü tanıklığına etkisini ceza adaleti açısından değerlendirmektir. Bu çalışmada İstanbul Üniversitesi kütüphanesinin abone olduğu Web of Science, Sage Journals ve Science Direct veri tabanları; “trauma/eyewitness testimony”, “psychological trauma/false memory”, “PTSD/eyewitness testimony” terimleri ile taranmıştır. Listelenen makaleler belirlenen kriterlere göre tasnif edilmiş ve tematik analiz yapılarak yorumlanmıştır. Makalelerdeki travma türleri fiziksel saldırı, cinsel saldırı, cinsel istismar, terör saldırısı, trafik kazası ve savaş travmalarından oluşmaktadır. Yapılan tematik analiz neticesinde yaş, travma türü ve psikopatoloji olmak üzere üç ana temaya ulaşılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda travmatik olaya ilişkin ifadelerin travma türüne göre değiştiği, cinsel travmalarda bellekte daha fazla bozucu etki görüldüğü, TSSB semptomları ve dissosiyatif semptomların sahte anıların ortaya çıkmasında daha fazla etkili olduğu, travma türüne göre bulguların değişkenlik gösterdiği, bulguların ceza adaleti alanına ışık tutacak nitelikte olduğu ve bu konuda daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç olduğu görülmüştür.

References

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  • 2. Benedan, L., Zajac, R., McFarlane, F. & Powell, M. (2020). Attentional difficulty is a risk factor for interrogative suugestibility in preschoolers. Children and Youth Services Review. 119; 1-8.
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  • 17. Laney, C. & Loftus, E. F. (2005). Traumatic memories are not necessarily accurate memories. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 50(13); 823-828.
  • 18. Manzanero, A. L., Fernandez, J., Gomez-Gutierrez, M. M., Alvarez, M. A., El-Astal, S., Hemaid, F. & Veronese, G. (2020). Between hapiness and sorrow: Phenomenal characteristics of autobiographical memories concerning war episodes and positive events in Gaza Strip. Memory Studies. 13(6); 917-931.
  • 19. Manzanero, A. L., Lopez, B., Aroztegui, J. & El-Astal, S. (2015). Authobiographical memories for negative and positive events in war context. Anuario Psicologia Juridica. 25; 57-64.
  • 20. McNally R. J., Lasko N. B., Clancy S. A., Macklin M. L., Pitman R. K. & Orr S. P. (2004). Psychophysiological responding during script-driven imagery in people reporting abduction by space aliens. Psychological Science. 15:493–7.
  • 21. McWilliams, K., Goodman, G. S., Lyons, K. E., Newton, J. & Avila-Mora, E. (2014). Memory for child sexual abuse information: Simulated memory error and individual differences. Memory & Cognition. 42; 151-163.
  • 22. Miragoli, S., Camisasca & Di Blasio, P. (2017). Narrative fragmentation in child sexual abuse: the role of age and post-traumatic stress disorder. Child Abuse & Neglect. 73; 106-114.
  • 23. Morgan, C. A. III, Southwick, S., Steffian, G., Hazlett, G. A. & Loftus, E. F. (2013). Misinformation can influence memory for recently experienced, highly stressful events. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 36; 11-17.
  • 24. Otgaar, H., Muris, P., Howe, M. L. & Merckelbach (2017). What drives false memories in psychopathology? A case for associative activation. Clinical Psychological Science. 5(6), 1048-1069.
  • 25. Öztürk E. Travma Merkezli Alyans Model Terapi: Dissosiyatif Kimlik Bozukluğunun Psikoterapisi. Öztürk E, editör. Ruhsal Travma ve Dissosiyasyon. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2018. p.31-8.
  • 26. Rubin, D. C., Boals, A., & Berntsen, D. (2008). Memory in posttraumatic stress disorder: properties of voluntary and involuntary, traumatic and nontraumatic autobiographical memories in people with and without posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 137(4), 591–614.
  • 27. Siegel, L. J. (2011). Criminology. (11th Ed.), California: Wadsworth Publishing.
  • 28. Vagni, M., Maiorano, T., Pajardi, D. & Gudjonsson, G. (2015). Immediate and delayed suggestibility among suspected child victims of sexual abuse. Personality and Individual Differences. 79; 129-133.
  • 29. Vallet, R., Manzanero, A. L., Aroztegui, J. & Zurdo, R. G. (2017). Age-related differences in the phenomenal characteristics of long-term memories of March 11, 2004 terrorist attack. Anuario de Psicologia Juridica. 27; 85-93.
  • 30. Ziyalar, N. & Ateş, A. (2019). Travma hafıza ve görgü tanıklığı hakkında bir meta-sentez. Türkiye Klinikleri Adli Tıp ve Adli Bilimler Dergisi. 16(1); 54-63.
Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 155 - 168, 01.12.2021

Abstract

References

  • 1. American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, Arlington, VA, 2013.
  • 2. Benedan, L., Zajac, R., McFarlane, F. & Powell, M. (2020). Attentional difficulty is a risk factor for interrogative suugestibility in preschoolers. Children and Youth Services Review. 119; 1-8.
  • 3. Bernstein, D. M. & Loftus, E. F. (2009). How to tell if a particular memory is true or false. Perspectives on Psychological Science. 4(4); 370-374.
  • 4. Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
  • 5. Chae, Y., Goodman, G. S., Eisen, M. L. & Qin, J. (2011). Event memory and suggestibility in abused and neglected children: Trauma-related psychopathology and cognitive functioning. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. 110; 520-538.
  • 6. Chan, E., Paterson, H. M. & van Golde, C. (2019). The effects of repeatedly recalling a traumatic event on eyewitness memory and suggesitibility. Memory. 27(4); 536-547.
  • 7. Christianson, S. A., Azad, A., Leander, L. & Selenius, H. (2013). Children as witnesses to homicidal violence: what they remember and report. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law. 20(3); 366-383.
  • 8. Ehlers, A. & Clark, D. M. (2000). A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behavior Research and Therapy. 38, 319–345.
  • 9. Elmi, M. H., Daignault, I. V. & Hebert, M. (2018). Child sexual abuse victims as witnesses: the influence of testifying on their recovery. Child Abuse & Neglect. 86; 22-32.
  • 10. Fingfeld-Connett, D. A. Guide to Qualitative Meta-Synthesis. New York: Routledge; 2018.
  • 11. Griesel, D. & Yuille, J. C. (2012). Sex trade workers’ narratives of sexual violence: a field investigation. Memory. 20(3); 236-253.
  • 12. Hauschildt, Peters, M. J. V., Jelinek, L. & Moritz, S. (2012). Veridical and false memory for scenic material in posttraumatic stress disorder. Consciousness and Cognition. 21; 80-89.
  • 13. Horowitz, M. J. (1986). Stress-response syndromes. International handbook of traumatic stress syndromes. 49-60.
  • 14. https://magdurbilgi.adalet.gov.tr/236/Tanik-(sahit)-Kimdir? (28.04.2021)
  • 15. Janoff-Bulman, R. (1988). Assumptive worlds and the stress of traumatic events: Applications of the schema construct. Social Cognition. 7, 113–136.
  • 16. Kim, T. K., Choi, S. & Shin, Y. J. (2011). Psychosocial factors influencing competency of children’s statements on sexual trauma. Child Abuse & Neglect. 35; 173-179.
  • 17. Laney, C. & Loftus, E. F. (2005). Traumatic memories are not necessarily accurate memories. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 50(13); 823-828.
  • 18. Manzanero, A. L., Fernandez, J., Gomez-Gutierrez, M. M., Alvarez, M. A., El-Astal, S., Hemaid, F. & Veronese, G. (2020). Between hapiness and sorrow: Phenomenal characteristics of autobiographical memories concerning war episodes and positive events in Gaza Strip. Memory Studies. 13(6); 917-931.
  • 19. Manzanero, A. L., Lopez, B., Aroztegui, J. & El-Astal, S. (2015). Authobiographical memories for negative and positive events in war context. Anuario Psicologia Juridica. 25; 57-64.
  • 20. McNally R. J., Lasko N. B., Clancy S. A., Macklin M. L., Pitman R. K. & Orr S. P. (2004). Psychophysiological responding during script-driven imagery in people reporting abduction by space aliens. Psychological Science. 15:493–7.
  • 21. McWilliams, K., Goodman, G. S., Lyons, K. E., Newton, J. & Avila-Mora, E. (2014). Memory for child sexual abuse information: Simulated memory error and individual differences. Memory & Cognition. 42; 151-163.
  • 22. Miragoli, S., Camisasca & Di Blasio, P. (2017). Narrative fragmentation in child sexual abuse: the role of age and post-traumatic stress disorder. Child Abuse & Neglect. 73; 106-114.
  • 23. Morgan, C. A. III, Southwick, S., Steffian, G., Hazlett, G. A. & Loftus, E. F. (2013). Misinformation can influence memory for recently experienced, highly stressful events. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 36; 11-17.
  • 24. Otgaar, H., Muris, P., Howe, M. L. & Merckelbach (2017). What drives false memories in psychopathology? A case for associative activation. Clinical Psychological Science. 5(6), 1048-1069.
  • 25. Öztürk E. Travma Merkezli Alyans Model Terapi: Dissosiyatif Kimlik Bozukluğunun Psikoterapisi. Öztürk E, editör. Ruhsal Travma ve Dissosiyasyon. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2018. p.31-8.
  • 26. Rubin, D. C., Boals, A., & Berntsen, D. (2008). Memory in posttraumatic stress disorder: properties of voluntary and involuntary, traumatic and nontraumatic autobiographical memories in people with and without posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 137(4), 591–614.
  • 27. Siegel, L. J. (2011). Criminology. (11th Ed.), California: Wadsworth Publishing.
  • 28. Vagni, M., Maiorano, T., Pajardi, D. & Gudjonsson, G. (2015). Immediate and delayed suggestibility among suspected child victims of sexual abuse. Personality and Individual Differences. 79; 129-133.
  • 29. Vallet, R., Manzanero, A. L., Aroztegui, J. & Zurdo, R. G. (2017). Age-related differences in the phenomenal characteristics of long-term memories of March 11, 2004 terrorist attack. Anuario de Psicologia Juridica. 27; 85-93.
  • 30. Ziyalar, N. & Ateş, A. (2019). Travma hafıza ve görgü tanıklığı hakkında bir meta-sentez. Türkiye Klinikleri Adli Tıp ve Adli Bilimler Dergisi. 16(1); 54-63.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Musa Bozkurt

Neylan Ziyalar

Publication Date December 1, 2021
Submission Date October 2, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Bozkurt, M., & Ziyalar, N. (2021). Ceza Adaleti Açısından Psikolojik Travma ve Görgü Tanıklığı ile İlgili Bir Meta-Sentez Çalışması. Aydın İnsan Ve Toplum Dergisi, 7(2), 155-168.

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