Antifungal activity of Eugenia caryophyllata, Cinnamomum sp., Mentha piperita, and Thymus vulgaris essential oils against Aspergillus niger

Abstract

Aspergillus species are pollutants found in both food and air. The increase in the metabolic activity of Aspergillus leads to spoilage of foodstuffs and large economic losses. In addition, some Aspergillus species have the ability to produce aflatoxins and ochratoxins, secondary metabolites called, namely, mycotoxins. Especially mycotoxins are very important in terms of food safety and human health. Since the protection of human and animal health and the prevention of economic losses is a very important issue, our study aimed to determine the antifungal activity of Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb., Cinnamomum sp., Mentha piperita L. and Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils (EO) against Aspergillus niger Tiegh. NRRL 321 strain. In the second step, MIC and MFC values of EOs were determined. It was determined that the MIC value of Cinnamomum sp, M. piperita and T. vulgaris EOs was 0.01 µL/mL, and E. caryophyllata EO was 0.5 µL/mL. It was determined that E. caryophyllata, Mentha piperita and Thymus vulgaris EOs completely inhibited radial colony growth at MIC, 2xMIC and 4xMIC values. It was determined that the inhibition of radial growth of Cinnamomum sp. EO varies depending on the concentration, and the inhibition rate increases as the concentration increases. As a result, evaluations should be made considering the in vivo conditions that the tested EOs showed strong antifungal activity against the A. niger strain.

Keywords

• Antifungal activity
• cinnamon oil
• clove oil
• peppermint oil
• thyme oil

Eugenia caryophyllata, Cinnamomum sp., Mentha piperita ve Thymus vulgaris esansiyel yağların Aspergillus niger suşuna karşı antifungal aktivitesi

Abstract

Aspergillus türleri hem gıdalarda hem de havada bulunan kirleticilerdir. Aspergillus cinsinin metabolik aktivitesindeki artış, gıda maddelerinin bozulmasına ve büyük ekonomik kayıpların oluşmasına yol açmaktadır. Ayrıca bazı Aspergillus türleri, aflatoksinler, okratoksinler olarak adlandırılan sekonder metabolitleri yani mikotoksinleri üretme yeteneğine sahiptir. Özellikle mikotoksinler, gıda güvenliği ve insan sağlığı açısından oldukça önemlidir. İnsan ve hayvan sağlığının korunması ve ekonomik kayıpların önlenmesi çok önemli bir konu olması sebebiyle, çalışma amacımız Aspergillus niger Tiegh. NRRL 321 suşuna karşı Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb., Cinnamomum sp., Mentha piperita L. ve Thymus vulgaris L. esansiyel yağlarının (EO) antifungal aktivitesi belirlenmiştir. İkinci adımda ise EO’ların MİK ve MFK değerleri belirlendi. Cinnamomum sp., M. piperita ve T. vulgaris EO’ların MİK değerinin 0,01 µL/mL, E. caryophyllata EO’nun ise 0,5 µL/mL olduğu tespit edilmiştir. E. caryophyllata, M. piperita ve T. vulgaris EO’ların MİK, 2xMİK ve 4xMİK değerlerinde radyal koloni gelişimini tamamen inhibe ettiği belirlendi. Cinnamomum sp. EO’nun ise radyal büyümenin inhibisyonu konsantrasyona bağlı olarak değiştiği, konsantrasyon arttıkça inhibisyon oranın arttığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak test edilen EO’ların A. niger suşuna karşı güçlü antifungal aktivite gösterdiği, in vivo koşullar göz önüne alınarak değerlendirmelerin yapılması gerekmektedir.

Keywords

• Antifungal aktivite
• karanfil yağı
• kekik yağı
• nane yağı
• tarçın yağı

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