Investigation of heavy metal accumulation and biomonitoring of Calepina irregularis species growing in Amasya (Turkey) province

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 44 - 50, 01.11.2019

Dudu Duygu Kılıç

https://doi.org/10.30616/ajb.516101

Abstract

In
this study, heavy metal accumulation (Ni, Fe, Co, Mn) in Calepina irregularis (Asso) Thell. (Brassicaceae), growing
naturally in  Amasya province, and the
usability of it as abiomonitor was investigated.The amount of heavy metals in
the root, stem and leaves of plants which were collected from the city center,
near the highway, suburban and non-traffic (control) localities, were
determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry
(ICP-OES) and the obtained data were evaluated.The Ni, Fe, Co and Mn values in
compete plants, growing in traffic areas, were found between the ranges
14.32-35.66 mgkg^-1, 827.61- 2716.72 mgkg^-1, 12.52-16.51
mgkg^-1 and  175.93-826.75 mgkg^-1
respectively. The amount of element accumulation in the plant was listed as
Fe>Mn>Ni>Co. Ni and Mn were found to be higher in plants growing near
the highway while Fe and Co were higher in plants collected from city centre.  Heavy metal accumulation was higher in leaves
and roots of the plants growing around the highways while it was higher in
stems of the plants growing in suburban areas.According to the correlation with plant and soil samples
taken from the localities, the relationship between soil and plant, Fe and Mn
contents was found significant at P<0.01 level. This shows that the plant
receives Ni and Co elements due to air pollution, and that Fe and Mn are mostly
taken from the soil through its roots. According to the results of the study, C.irregularis can be used as a
biomonitor since it can monitor the short term changes in environmental
pollution in urban areas due to its wide distribution area and it has several
individuals in its habitat and its conformity with standard analysis methods.

Keywords

Calepina irregularis, heavy metal, biomonitor, Amasya, Turkey

Amasya’da yetişen Calepina irregularis türünde ağır metal birikimi ve biyomonitör olarak kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılması

Abstract

Bu
çalışmada, Amasya ilinde doğal olarak yetişen Calepina irregularis (asso) thell. (Brassicaceae) türünde ağır
metal birikimi ( Ni, Fe, Co, Mn) ve biyomonitör olarak kullanılabilirliği
araştırılmıştır. Şehiriçi, otoyol kenarı, kenar semt ve trafiğin olmadığı
alanlardan toplanan bitki örneklerinin; kök, gövde ve yapraklarında ağır metal
miktarları İndüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma-Optik Emisyon Spektrometresi (ICP-OES)
ile  belirlenmiş ve elde edilen veriler
değerlendirilmiştir. Trafik bulunan alanlarda yetişen bitkilerin toplam
kütlesindeki Ni, Fe, Co ve Mn değerleri sırasıyla 14.32-35.66 mgkg^-1,
827.61-2716.72 mgkg^-1, 12.52-16.51 mgkg^-1 and  175.93-826.75 mgkg^-1 aralığında
bulunmuştur. Bitkide element biriktirme miktarı Fe>Mn>Ni>Co şeklinde
sıralanmıştır. Ni ve Mn elementi yol kenarında yetişen bireylerde, Fe ve Co ise
şehir içinde toplanan örneklerde yüksek değerde tespit edildi. Yol kenarında
yetişen bitki örneklerinde yaprak ve kökte ağır metal birikimi daha fazla
olurken, kenar semtte yetişen bitkilerde ise gövde de birikim daha fazla
bulunmuştur. Lokalitelerden alınan bitki ve toprak örnekleri ile
yapılan korelasyona göre toprak ve bitki Fe ve Mn içerikleri arasında ki ilişki
P<0.01 düzeyinde anlamlı bulunmuştur. Buda bitkinin Ni ve Co elementlerini
hava kirliliği kaynaklı aldığını, Fe ve Mn’ yi daha çok kökleri yoluyla
topraktan aldığını ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre C.irregularis
türünün yayılış alanının geniş olması ve habitatında birey sayısı fazla olması,
standart analiz metotlarına uygun olması nedeni ile kentsel alanlarda çevresel
kirlilikteki kısa vadeli değişiklikleri izleyebildiği için biyomonitör olarak
kullanılabilir.

Keywords

Calepina irregularis, ağır metal, biyomonitör, Amasya, Türkiye

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