YUKARI DİCLE HAVZASINDA FARKLI ARAZİ KULLANIMLARI ALTINDAKİ TOPRAKLARIN KARBON DEPOLAMA POTANSİYELLERİ

Abstract

Organik karbonun toprakta zenginleşmesi, atmosferdeki C konsantrasyonunu azaltarak iklim değişikliği ile mücadelede geçerli bir stratejidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Yukarı Dicle Havzasında farklı arazi kullanımları altındaki topraklarının karbon depolama potansiyelinin belirlenmesi ve haritalanmasıdır. Yaklaşık 8700 km²'lik bir alanı kapsayan çalışma alanı 5 km X 5 km'lik gridlere ayrılmış ve her gridin köşe noktasının toplam 210 adet bozulmuş ve bozulmamış yüzey (0-20 cm) toprak örneği alınmıştır. Toprak özelliklerinin 5 km'den daha kısa mesafelerde değişkenliğini belirlemek amacıyla, birbirini izleyen iki kare gridin köşeleri arasında 250 m, 750 m ve 1750 m mesafelerden 42 toprak örneği daha alınmıştır. Toprak örneklerinin organik karbon ve hacim ağırlıkları belirlenmiş ve her nokta için karbon stoku hesaplanarak çalışma alanının toprak organik karbon stoku (TOKS) haritası hazırlanmıştır. Arazi kullanımlarının TOKS üzerine istatistiksel olarak önemli düzeyde etki ettiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışma alanında TOKS miktarı 8.06 ile 66.68 Mg ha^-1 arasında değişmekte olup ortalama TOKS miktarı 30.33 Mg ha^-1’dir. Farklı arazi kullanımları arasında en yüksek TOCS miktarı 44.33 Mg ha^-1 ile ormanlık alanlarda iken en düşük TOCS miktarı ise 28.91 Mg ha^-1 ile tarla bitkileri ekili alanlarda olduğu görülmüştür. Özellikle mera alanlarında aşırı otlatma ve tarım arazilerindeki geleneksel toprak işleme ile hasat atıklarının yakılması Yukarı Dicle Havzasında TOKS üzerinde olumsuz etki yaptığı belirlenmiştir. 

Keywords

• Toprak karbon depolama,toprak organik karbonu,toprak işleme,farklı arazi kullanımı

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