CONTENT (SCOPE)
The Anadolu Forest Research Journal primarily accepts research articles, review articles, letters to the editor, and short communications from fields such as Forestry Engineering, Landscape Architecture, Forest Industry Engineering, and related disciplines. The journal publishes two issues per year, although the number of issues may increase under certain circumstances.

AUTHOR RESPONSIBILITY (ETHICAL GUIDELINES)
Authors are responsible for the content, validity, and legality of their experimental results. Authors must ensure permission to use materials obtained from different sources. For articles submitted to the Anadolu Forest Research Journal, authors are especially responsible for safeguarding against ethical concerns such as plagiarism. Using the ideas or expressions of others without modification and without clear citation or explicit acknowledgment is considered plagiarism (direct quotations with proper citation are not classified as plagiarism).

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
Submitting an article to the journal implies that the manuscript has not been published or submitted elsewhere. Permission must be obtained from the responsible publisher for the use of copyrighted materials (e.g., figures, photographs, table content, etc.). Materials used without such permission will be assumed to be original works of the authors. The corresponding author must upload a previously signed Copyright Transfer Form during submission.

COVER LETTER
Authors must submit a cover letter with their manuscript stating that the article has not been previously published or is not under review elsewhere. The letter should also affirm that there are no disputes among the authors of the manuscript.

SUBMISSION
Articles for the Anadolu Forest Research Journal can be submitted by following the relevant information flow at http://dergipark.org.tr.
To be evaluated, manuscripts must adhere to the following conditions:
1. Submitted articles must not have been previously published or submitted for publication elsewhere.
2. If the manuscript overlaps with topics from the authors' previously published works, this should be stated explicitly, and a copy of the previous work must be submitted with the new article.
3. Research presented at scientific events (conferences, symposia, etc.) can be considered for publication if this is disclosed and if no copyright constraints apply.
4. All authors must approve the submission. The corresponding author must upload a previously signed Copyright Transfer Form during submission.
5. Accepted articles may not be published in the same form in another language without the publisher's permission.
6. The publisher is not legally responsible for compensation in any circumstances. The ethical, scientific, and legal responsibility for articles lies with the authors and does not reflect the views of the Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Board.
7. Submitted manuscripts will not be returned to the authors, whether accepted or rejected. No royalties are paid for published articles.

REVIEW PROCESS
1. Manuscripts are submitted electronically and tracked throughout the publication process via the electronic system. Authors must first register at http://dergipark.org.tr. Registered authors can log in and upload manuscripts prepared in accordance with the journal's writing rules, along with a cover letter and copyright transfer form. Manuscripts undergo a preliminary review by the Editor. Submissions that pass the preliminary review are forwarded to the relevant section editor, while incomplete submissions are returned to the authors for necessary revisions. The section editor conducts a technical review and sends appropriate manuscripts to at least two reviewers for evaluation. Manuscripts not aligned with the journal's scope or found insufficient in technical or structural terms are returned to the authors for corrections if deemed necessary by the section editor. The author and reviewer identities are kept confidential during the review process.
2. Acceptance of manuscripts is decided by the Editorial Board based on reviewer evaluations. Accepted manuscripts are returned to the corresponding author for revision as per reviewer recommendations.
3. Finalized manuscripts are sent to the corresponding author for review before publication. Authors are responsible for the content of the final version.
4. Manuscripts are processed within a maximum of three months. Accepted articles are provided to the corresponding author in PDF format. Separate prints are not provided, and unpublished manuscripts are not returned.
5. No fees are charged during the review or publication process.
6. Submitted articles undergo similarity checks using plagiarism detection software during the preliminary review. The Editor decides whether to reject the article due to plagiarism or proceed with the review process.

PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS
Manuscripts can be written in Turkish or English. If the article is in Turkish, it should include an English abstract, and vice versa. Authors who are not native Turkish speakers are not required to provide a Turkish abstract. The manuscript should use Times New Roman font, 12-point size, with 3 cm margins on the left and 2.5 cm margins on other sides. Main headings and subheadings should follow a numbered Arabic numeral format (1, 2, 3, etc.) without full capitalization. Page numbers and continuous line numbering are required.
Writing Guidelines
Manuscripts should follow the IMRAD format (Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion), which is widely accepted in the international scientific community. The components of a manuscript should include: title page, abstract, keywords, main text (Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion), acknowledgments, references, and appendices (if any). Tables and figures should be placed as close as possible to the paragraphs where they are first mentioned. References to tables and figures must be made in the text. Table and figure captions should use the same font size and format as the main text. However, if necessary, font size can be reduced and a different format may be used for table and figure content.
Section headings should be concise and numbered sequentially. All pages should be numbered consecutively, and line numbers should be included. Line numbering is essential for reviewers to evaluate the manuscripts effectively. Line numbers should continue across pages. In the manuscript, headings and subheadings should not be embedded in the text but should be written on separate lines without indentation. It is important to note that section headings must not be written entirely in uppercase letters under any circumstances. The first letters of the main and subheading words should be capitalized, except for conjunctions such as "and," "or," etc.
Although there is no strict word limit for the manuscript, it is recommended that the length does not exceed 6000 words (excluding tables, figures, and appendices). Attention should be paid to grammar, spelling, sentence structure, and logical flow in writing.
Title Page:
The first page should include the article title, authors' names and affiliations, and contact details of the corresponding author (email address, phone number, and ORCID IDs). The title should reflect the content of the article without including brand names or abbreviations. Titles should be between 4 and 15 words whenever possible.
Abstract:
The abstract must be provided in both English and Turkish. Authors whose native language is not Turkish may only submit the abstract in English. The abstract should specify the significance of the study, the materials and methods used, key findings, conclusions, and recommendations. It should not exceed 250 words or 1250 characters, be written as a single paragraph, and use past tense (unless otherwise necessary). The abstract should include numerical data when presenting findings. The English abstract must adhere to proper language and formatting rules and, if possible, be reviewed by a native English speaker or a qualified language expert. The abstract should include the following sections:
• Background and aims
• Methods
• Results
• Conclusion
Keywords:
At least 4 and no more than 7 keywords should be provided in alphabetical order.
Introduction:
This section should convince the reader of the importance and relevance of the study. It should provide sufficient background information to enable understanding without requiring additional sources. The introduction should not be overly long or short and should avoid irrelevant information or references. Ensure that cited sources are necessary and up-to-date. The last paragraph of the introduction should clearly state the focus and objectives of the study.
Materials and Methods:
The materials used should be described in detail. For plant materials, the most detailed classification possible should be provided. Plants, animals, and microorganisms should be identified by their cultivar, species, taxonomy, and specific characteristics. Soils should be described using the most detailed classification and aligned with internationally accepted standards. General names should be used instead of commercial names. If commercial names must be mentioned, a footnote should clarify that there is no commercial relationship between the research institution and the brand, and the name is provided solely for informational purposes. If methods are presented for the first time, they should be detailed thoroughly. For well-established methods, referencing the original source is sufficient. Methods should be described in a way that another expert could replicate the study. For statistical analyses, the experimental design, methods used for result evaluation, and significance levels applied for hypothesis testing should be explicitly stated. Established statistical methods require only the name and reference, but novel methods should be explained in detail.
Results:
The results should be presented clearly, concisely, and directly. Tables and figures should be used to present the results but should not duplicate information between the two formats. As a general rule, related data should be presented in figures, and repetitive data should be summarized in tables using descriptive statistics. Avoid repeating information already provided in the Materials and Methods section. Use internationally recognized units and symbols. Decimals should be separated by a comma for Turkish manuscripts and a period for English manuscripts.
Discussion:
This section should interpret the results and explain their significance. Results should be compared with findings from previous similar studies, and their similarities and differences should be clearly discussed, including possible reasons. Avoid repeating data from tables and figures; instead, explain their implications. When discussing statistical analyses, focus on interpreting the results rather than the statistical details. Support the discussion with relevant information from the literature. Avoid repeating details already covered in the Materials and Methods section.
Acknowledgments:
This section should come immediately before the references. Acknowledge institutions, organizations, and individuals who contributed to the study but are not listed as authors. Provide the full names of supporting institutions or organizations.
CITATIONS AND REFERENCES
The following rules must be followed when providing in-text citations:
1. The reference list should include works cited in the text that have been published or are in the process of publication. The name-year system should be used for in-text citations (e.g., (Keleş, 2010), (Erdönmez and Özden, 2009), (Başkent et al., 2008), (Başkent and others, 2010)).
2. When a source is used in the sentence, only the year should be given in parentheses. For example: “According to Erşahin (2001)” or “as suggested by Göl and Dengiz (2008).”
3. For citations with three or more authors, only the first author’s name should be given, followed by “et al.” (or "ve ark." for Turkish sources), e.g., “(Başkent et al., 2002)” or “as stated by Başkent et al. (2002).”
4. When multiple works by the same author from the same year are cited, letters such as “a,” “b,” etc., should be used, e.g., “(Keleş, 2005a, 2005b).”
5. When citing multiple references at once, separate them with a semicolon and list them in chronological order, e.g., “(Erşahin, 2001; Başkent et al., 2002).”
6. For subsequent references, use the author’s surname or abbreviation instead of the year, e.g., “According to Erşahin (2006)…”
7. Use a comma to separate the year and author names, e.g., “(Keleş, 2015; Erşahin et al., 2016).”
8. For Turkish sources, use “ve” between author names; for English sources, use “and,” e.g., “(Erdönmez and Özden, 2009; Sünal and Erşahin, 2013).”
9. For Turkish sources with more than two authors, use “ve ark.”; for English sources, use “et al.,” e.g., “(Işık ve ark., 2015; Öner et al., 2016).”
10. In English articles, use “et al.” and “and” as equivalents for “ve ark.” and “ve.”
11. Even if the manuscript is in Turkish, if the source is in English, follow English citation conventions, e.g., “Li and Miller (2005)” instead of “Li ve Miller (2005)” or “Jones et al. (2000)” instead of “Jones ve ark. (2000).”
Use reference management software (e.g., EndNote, Mendeley). Mendeley is available for free download (https://www.mendeley.com). If using Mendeley or EndNote, follow the referencing style of the journal Forest Ecology and Management.

Formatting References
Journal Articles: Include the author's surname, initials, publication year, article title (capitalize only the first word), journal name (or abbreviation), volume(issue), and page range.
Example:
Çakır, M., 2018. Richness and diversity of litter and soil fauna as affected by differences in three fir species. Bosque, 39(1), 441–447.
Çakır, M., Makineci, E., 2020. Litter decomposition in pure and mixed Quercus and Fagus stands as influenced by arthropods. The Journal of Forestry Research, 31, 1123–1137.
Conference Proceedings: Include the author's surname, initials, publication year, title of the paper (capitalize only the first word), conference name, publisher, location, and page range.
Example:
Ercanlı, İ., Günlü, A., Şenyurt, M., Bolat, F., Kahrıman, A., 2016. Artificial neural network for predicting stand carbon stock from remote sensing data for even-aged Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in the Taşköprü-Çiftlik forests. 1st International Symposium of Forest Engineering and Technologies (FETEC), Bursa Technical University, Bursa, pp. 244–252.
Books: Include the author's surname, initials, publication year, book title (capitalize all words except conjunctions), publisher, location, and page range.
Example:
Day, R.A., 1994. How to Write and Publish a Scientific Paper. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Book Chapters: Include the chapter author’s surname, initials, year, chapter title (capitalize all words except conjunctions), editor(s), book title, publisher, location, and page range.
Example:
McLean, E., 1982. Soil pH and lime requirement, in: Page, A.L., Miller, R.H., Keeney, D.R. (Eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, Madison, pp. 199–224.
Websites: Include the site name, topic, URL, and access date (day, month, year).
Example:
Cancer Research UK, 1975. Cancer statistics reports for the UK. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/ (accessed 13.03.03).
Theses: Include the author’s full surname, initials, year, institution, and city.
Example:
Ohman, K., 2001. Forest planning with consideration to spatial relationships. Doctoral Thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea.
Databases: Include the surname and initials of the database owner(s), year, database name, and URL.
Example:
Oguro, M., Imahiro, S., Saito, S., Nakashizuka, T., 2015. Mortality data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions. Mendeley Data, v1. https://doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.

FIGURES
All visuals in the manuscript should be presented under the title "Figure." Figures should be of high quality (at least 300 dpi), with adjustments made to ensure their clarity after printing, particularly for photographs and similar visuals. When designing graphs, consider that figure details, axis labels, and text sizes may be reduced by up to 50% during printing. Figures should be placed as close as possible to the paragraphs where they are first mentioned in the text. Figures must be numbered sequentially in the order they appear and cited in the text using their numbers (e.g., "Figure 1" instead of "the figure above" or "the figure below").
For multipart figures, each part should be explicitly labeled (e.g., Figure 1a, Figure 1b). Each figure must have a caption placed below the figure. The caption should be descriptive enough for readers to understand the figure content without referring to the main text but should avoid unnecessary details. The first word of the figure caption should start with a capital letter, while the rest should be in lowercase unless necessary. Figure captions must end with a period. Figures should be separated from the surrounding text by one blank line both above and below.

TABLES
All tables should be created using the table option in MS Word. Like figures, tables should be placed as close as possible to the paragraphs where they are first mentioned in the text. Overly complex tables should either be divided into simpler parts or provided as appendices.
Table captions should define the content of the table and enable understanding without referring to the text. Captions should be placed above the tables. Symbols and abbreviations used in the table should be explained in the table footnotes. When referring to table footnotes, use lowercase letters as superscripts (e.g., "a," "b").
The first word in the row and column headings should be capitalized, while subsequent words should be in lowercase unless necessary. As with figures, tables should be cited in the text using their table numbers (e.g., "Table 1"). Table captions should start with a capital letter for the first word, while subsequent words should be in lowercase unless necessary, and the caption should end with a period. Tables should also be separated from the surrounding text by one blank line both above and below.

EQUATIONS
All mathematical equations in the manuscript should be presented under the title "Equation." MS Word's equation editor should be used for formatting, with each equation placed on a separate line and assigned a unique number. Equation numbering should follow their order of appearance in the text, similar to figures and tables.
In the first text following an equation, the symbols and terms used should be clearly defined, along with their respective units.

ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviations should be defined upon their first mention in the text. If necessary, they should be redefined in later sections for clarity. Avoid arbitrary abbreviations and adhere to internationally recognized symbols for terms.

FOOTNOTES
Footnotes should be avoided as much as possible and should not include references.

UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
The metric system is standard, and SI units should be used whenever possible. However, commonly accepted derivatives of SI units are also permitted (e.g., "g cm⁻³" instead of "kg m⁻³").

FEES AND CHARGES
The Anadolu Forest Research Journal does not charge any fees for manuscript submission or publication.

REPRINTS
The corresponding author will be provided with a printed copy of the journal issue containing the article and a PDF version of the article free of charge.