Lojistik Outsourcing Karar Süreci ve 3PL Firma Seçim Kriterleri

Abstract

Daha yüksek uzmanlık düzeyi ve daha büyük yatırımlar gerektiren işletme fonksiyonları ve bu fonksiyonlarla yakından bağlantılı lojistik faaliyetler günümüzde daha karmaşık bir hal almıştır. Buna ek olarak artan rekabet, işletmelerin öz yetkinlikleri dışında kalan faaliyetlerin daha verimli gerçekleştirilebilmesi için kurulacak stratejik işbirliklerinin gözden geçirilmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda dış kaynaklara devredilen firma faaliyetlerinin önemli bir bölümünü “lojistik faaliyetler” oluşturmaktadır. Özellikle büyük ölçekli firmaların lojistik hizmet sağlayıcılar ile yaptıkları stratejik işbirliklerinin incelenmesi, konu ile ilgili aydınlatıcı bilgilere ulaşılmasında önemli rol oynayacaktır. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda çalışmada dış kaynak kullanımı kavramı incelenerek, işletmeleri lojistik faaliyetlerde dış kaynak kullanımına yönelten nedenler, dış kaynak kullanım karar süreci ve 3PL firma seçim kriterleri incelenmiştir

Keywords

• Lojistik outsourcing
• lojistik outsourcing karar süreci
• 3PL seçim kriterleri

Decision Making Process of Logistics Outsourcing and Criteria for 3PL Provider Selection

Abstract

Recently, along with the business functions that necessitate higher expertise level and larger investments; logistics activities, which are intimately related with these functions, have become more complex. In addition, increasing competition requires reviewing the strategic alliances that are to be established for effectively performing the activities outside the companies’ core competencies. For this purpose, evidently “logistics activities” constitute an important part in the outsourced business activities. Examining the strategic alliances especially between large scale companies and professional logistics service providers, will play an important role in gathering information relevant about the subject. For this purpose; in this research, the concept of outsourcing was studied and reasons which lead the companies to outsourcing, outsourcing decision making process and 3PL provider selection criteria of logistics outsourcing were investigated.

Keywords

• Logistics outsourcing
• decision making process of logistics outsourcing
• criteria for 3PL provider selection

References

1. Aghazadeh, Mahmoud. (2003). How To Choose An Effective Third Party Logistics Provider. Management Research News, Vol.26, No.7:50–58.
2. Bhatnagar, Rohit, Amrik S. Sohal, Robert Millen. (1999). Third Party Logistics Services: a Singapore Perspective. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 29 No. 9: 569–587.
3. Çancı, Metin ve Murat Erdal. (2003). Lojistik Yönetimi: Freight Forwarder El Kitabı. İstanbul: UTİKAD Yayını.
4. Dapiran, Peter, Robert Lieb, Robert Millen, Amrik Sohal. (1996). Third Party Logistics Services Usage By Large Austuralian Firms. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 26, No. 10: 36–45
5. Daugherty, Patrica J. Theodore P. Stank, Dale S. Rogers. (1996). Third Party Services providers: Purchasers’ Perceptions. International Journal of Purchasing and Material Management, Vol.32, No.2: 23–29.
6. Doğan Mersin, Lojistikte Dış Kaynak Kullanımı, Yararları ve Dikkat Edilmesi Gerekli Noktalar, (2006), http://www.bilgiyonetimi.org/cm/pages/mkl_gos.php?nt=19
7. Earl, Michael J. (1996). “The Risks of Outsourcing IT”, Sloan Management Rewiew, Vol.37, No.3: 26–32.
8. Espino, Tomas F. ve Victor Pardon. (2004). Outsourcing and Its Impact on Operational Objectives and Performance: A Study of Hotels in the Canary Islands. Hospitality Management, Vol.23: 287–306.

9. Gerston, Joel. (1997). Outsourcing In Client/Server Environments. Information Systems Management, Vol.14, No.2: 74–77.
10. Gilley, K. Matthew. (2000). Making More by Doing Less: An Analysis of Outsourcing and its Effects on Firm Performance. Journal of Management, Vol. 26, No.4: 763–790
11. Grant, David B., Douglas M. Lambert, Lisa M. Ellram. (2006). Fundamentals of Logistics Management. European Edition. London, UK: The McGraw-Hill Companies.
12. Gülen, Kemal Güven. (2005). Lojistik Hizmetlerde Dış Kaynak Kullanımının Yaygınlaşması ve Tedarikçi İşletmelerde Gelişim Stratejileri. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, Yıl: 4, Sayı: 8: 29–48, Güz 2005/2
13. Hande D. Süzer, ‘4. Boyut Stratejisi”, Capital, http://www.capital.com.tr/print.aspx?hbr_kod=2748
14. Hertz, Susanne ve Monica Alfredsson. (2003). Strategic Development Of Third Party Logistics Providers. Industrial Marketing Management, Volume 32, No.2: 139–149.
15. Jennings, David.(1997). Strategic Guidelines for Outsourcing Decisions. Strategic Change, Vol. 6, No.2,: 85-96.
16. Jharkharis, Sanjay ve Ravi Shankar. (2007). Selection of Logistics Service Provider: An Analytic Network Process (ANP) Approach. Omega, Vol.35, No.3: 274–289.
17. Kakabadse, Nada ve Andrew Kakabadse. (2000). Critical Review-Outsourcing: A Paradigm Shift, Journal of Management Development, Vol. 19, No. 8: 670–728.
18. Kippenberger, T.(1997). Outsourcing Is Here To Stay But It Is Only Worth Doing If You Do It Well-And Taht’s Not Easy. Management Research, The Antidote Vol.2, No.6: 18–19.
19. Koban, Emine ve Hilal Yıldırır Keser. (2000). Dış Ticarette Lojistik. Bursa: Ekin Basım Yayın Dağıtım.
20. La Londe, B.J. ve A.B. Maltz. (1992). Some Propositions About Outsourcing The Logistics Function. The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol.3, No.1: 1–11.
21. Laabs, Jennifer J. (1993). Successful Outsourcing Depends On Critical Factors. Personnel Journal, Vol. 72, No. 10: 51–60.
22. Lankford, William M. ve Faramarz Parsa (1999). Outsourcing: A Primer. Management Decision, Vol. 4, No.37: 310–316.
23. Lieb, Robert C. ve Brooks A. Bentz. (2004). The Use of Third-Party Logistics Services by Large American Manufacturers: The 2003 Survey. Transportation Journals. Vol.43, No. 3: 24–34.
24. McKinnon, Alan C. (1999). The Outsourcing of Logistical Activities, in Walters, D. (Ed.), Global Logistics and Distribution Planning. London: Heriot-Watt University, School of Management.
25. McIvor, Ronan. (2000). A Practical Framework For Understanding The Outsourcing Procses. Journal Of Supply Chain Management, Vol.5, No.1: 22–36.
26. Menon, M.K. Michael A. Mcginnis, Kenneth B. Ackerman.(1998). Selection Criteria for Providers of Third Party Logistics Services: An Explanatory Study. Journal of Business Logistics, Vol.19, No.1: 121–137.
27. Özbay, Tanju. (2004). Sorularla Dış Kaynak Kullanımı (Outsourcing). İstanbul: İstanbul Ticaret Odası.
28. Quélin, Bertrand ve François Duhamel. (2003). Bringing Together Strategic Outsourcing and Corporate Strategy: Outsourcing Motives and Risks. European Management Journal, Volume 21, No. 5: 647–661.
29. Razzaque, Mohammed Abdur ve Chang Chen Sheng. (1998). Outsourcing of Logistics Functions: Distribution&Logistics Management, Vol.28, No. 2: 89–107. Survey, International Journal of Physical
30. Sohail, M. Sadiq, Austin Nathan, Rushdi Mustabshira.(2004). The Use Of Third-Party Logistics Services: Evidence From A Sub-Sahara African Nation. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, Vol.7, No.1: 45–57.
31. Stank, T.P. ve P.J. Daugherty. (1997). The Impact of Operating Enviroment on the Formation of Coorperative Logistics Relationships. Logistics and Transportation Review, Vol. 33, No. 1: 53–65.
32. Tanyaş, Mehmet., (2006). Lojistik ve Tedarik Zinciri Yönetimi, Yüksek Lisans Ders Notları, İTÜ Endüstri Mühendisliği Bölümü.
33. The Outsourcing Institute: Articles &Info, “Top Ten Outsourcing Survey”, Executive Survey: The Outsourcing Institute's Annual Survey of Outsourcing End Users, http://www.outsourcing.com/content.asp?page=01b/articles/intelligence/oi_top_ten_s urvey.html&nonav=true
34. Waters, Donald J. (2003). Global Logistics and Distribution Planning Strategies For Management. 4th Edition. Great Britain: Kogan Page Publishers.
35. Wilding, Richard ve Rein Juriado. (2004). Customer Perceptions On Logistics Outsourcing In The European Consumer Goods Industry. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol.34, No.8: 628–644
36. Zhu, Zhiwei, Kathy Hsu, Joseph Lillie.(2001). “Outsourcing-A Starategic Move: The Process and the Ingredients For Success”, Management Decision, Vol.39, No.5: 373–378.
37. http://www.muhasebedergisi.com/maliyet-muhasebesi/lojistik-maliyetler.html
38. http://www.essays.se/essay/065c850d12/
39. http://www.hho.edu.tr/huten/2003
40. http://www.glbinc.com/3PL_Selection.pdf