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İnsan Gelişiminde Kültürel Perspektifler

Year 2013, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 77 - 92, 23.07.2014

Abstract

Bu çalışmada kültür kavramları literatürü incelenmiştir. Bu kavramlar bağlamında, kültür ve kişilik arasındaki ilişki, kültüre ve sosyalleşme, bunların kişiler üzerindeki etkileri irdelenmiştir. İki yaşam modeli olan tarım ve şehir-endüstri yaşama tarzları analiz edilip, karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu analiz çerçevesinde, tarım kültüründe çocuk işgücü, doğurganlık, fazilet kavramlarıyla, tarım toplumunun sağladığı faydalar tartışılmıştır. Bu tartışmalara ilaveten, kültürlerarası karşılaştırma yapılmış, çeşitli kültürlerde erken sosyalleşmenin ve okullaşmanın kişilerin gelişimi üzerindeki etkileriyle dil sosyalleşmesinin kültürleşme sürecindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır.

References

  • AVCI, O. (2012) “Understanding the culture of Ahiska Turks in Wheaton: A case study” The Qualitative Report, 17 (Art.87), pp. 1AZUMA, H. (1986) Why study child development in Japan? in H. Stevenson, H. Azuma, & K. Hakuta (Eds.), Child Development And Education In Japan, Freeman and Company, New York, p. 3-12.
  • CAUDILL, W. & Weinstein, H. (1969) Maternal Care and Infant Behavior in Japan and America, Guilford Press, New York, p. 12-43.
  • CLANCY, P. (1986) “The acquisition of communicative style in Japanese” in B. Schieffelin & E. Ochs (Eds.) Language Socialization across Cultures Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 213-50.
  • DOI, T. (1986) “Amae: A key concept for understanding Japanese personality structure”, in T. S Lebra & W. P. Lebra (Eds.), Japanese
  • Culture and Behavior: Selected Readings, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, p. 121-129. HALLOWELL, A. I. (1955) “The self in its behavioral environment”, in Culture and Experience Schocken Books, New York, p. 75-110.
  • HAREVEN, T. K. (1989) “Historical Changes in Children’s Networks in the Family and Community” in D., Belle (Ed.), Children’s Social
  • Networks and Social Support, Wiley, New York, p. 15-36. HESS, R. & Azuma, H. (1991) “Cultural support for schooling: Contrasts between Japan and the United Sates”, Educational
  • Researcher, 20(9), Retrieved October 3, from JSTOR database, p. 2LEVINE, R. A. (1973) “Basic questions for culture and personality research”, in Culture, Behavior and Personality: An Introduction to the Comparative Study of Psychosocial Adaptation Aldine, Chicago, p. 3LEVINE, R. A. (1973) “Group differences in individual behavior patterns”, In Culture, behavior and personality: An introduction to the comparative study of psychosocial adaptation. Aldine, Chicago, p. 15
  • LEVINE, R. A. (1973) “Theoretical Conceptions of CulturePersonality Relations”, in Culture, Behavior and Personality: An Introduction to the Comparative Study of Psychosocial Adaptation, Aldine, Chicago, p. 43-59.
  • LEVINE, R. A. & White, M. I. Human Conditions: the cultural basis of educational developments Routledge, New York, p. 24-72. OCHS, E. (1986) Introduction, in B. Schieffelin & E. Ochs (Eds.), Language Socialization Across Cultures Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 1-13.
  • OCHS, E. & Schieffeline, B. B. (1984) “Language Acquisition and Socialization: Three Developmental Stories and Their Implications”, in R. A. Shweder & R. A. LeVine, Culture Theory: Essays on Mind, Self, And Emotion, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 2763
  • PARK, Y. S. & Kim, U. (2006) “Family, Parent-Child Relationship, and Academic Achievement In Korea: Indigenous, Cultural, and Psychological Analysis”, in U. Kim, K.S. Yang, & K. K. Hwang (Eds.), Indigenous and Cultural Psychology: Understanding People in
  • Context, Springer, New York, p. 421-443. ROGOFF, B. (2003) The Cultural Nature of Human Development, Oxford University Press, New York.
  • ROTHBAUM, F. Pott, M., Azume, H., Miyake, K., & Weisz, J. (2000) “The Development of Close Relationships in Japan and The United States: Path Of Symbiotic Harmony and Generative Tension”, Child Development, 71(5), p. 1121-1142. http://www.jstor. org
  • SHIMIZU, H. & Tsang, B. Y. P. (2007) “Multi-Vocal Video graphics of Adolescents in Three Cultures: Japan, Honk-Kong, and The United States”, Proposal Submitted to the 2007 Annual Meeting of American Educational Research Association, New York, NY.
  • SPIRO, M. (1987) “Collective representations and mental representations in religious symbol systems” in B. Kilborne & L. L.
  • Langness (Eds.), Culture and Human Nature: Papers of Melford E. Spiro Chicago: University of Chicago Press, p. 161-184. TOBIN, J. J, Wu, D.Y.H., & Davidson, D.H. (1991) Preschools in Three Cultures: Japan, China, and the Unites States, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • WHITE, M. I. (1993) “Rethinking the life course: Mixed messages and complementary contradictions in the creation of adolescence”, in Material child: Coming of age in Japan and America, Free Press, New York, p. 9-25.

Cultural Perspectives on Human Development

Year 2013, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 77 - 92, 23.07.2014

Abstract

In this study, the literature on the concepts of culture is reviewed. The relationship between culture and personality, culture and socialization and their effects on individuals are also investigated. Two models of living (i.e. agrarian and urban-industrial models) are analyzed, compared, and contrasted. As part of the agrarian and urban-industrial model analysis, child labor, fertility, and concept of virtue in agrarian cultures, not to mention benefits provided by agrarian societies are discussed. A cross cultural comparison is also included in the study. The effects of early socialization and schooling on the developments of individuals in various cultures as well as language socialization as part of acculturation process are discussed.

References

  • AVCI, O. (2012) “Understanding the culture of Ahiska Turks in Wheaton: A case study” The Qualitative Report, 17 (Art.87), pp. 1AZUMA, H. (1986) Why study child development in Japan? in H. Stevenson, H. Azuma, & K. Hakuta (Eds.), Child Development And Education In Japan, Freeman and Company, New York, p. 3-12.
  • CAUDILL, W. & Weinstein, H. (1969) Maternal Care and Infant Behavior in Japan and America, Guilford Press, New York, p. 12-43.
  • CLANCY, P. (1986) “The acquisition of communicative style in Japanese” in B. Schieffelin & E. Ochs (Eds.) Language Socialization across Cultures Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 213-50.
  • DOI, T. (1986) “Amae: A key concept for understanding Japanese personality structure”, in T. S Lebra & W. P. Lebra (Eds.), Japanese
  • Culture and Behavior: Selected Readings, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, p. 121-129. HALLOWELL, A. I. (1955) “The self in its behavioral environment”, in Culture and Experience Schocken Books, New York, p. 75-110.
  • HAREVEN, T. K. (1989) “Historical Changes in Children’s Networks in the Family and Community” in D., Belle (Ed.), Children’s Social
  • Networks and Social Support, Wiley, New York, p. 15-36. HESS, R. & Azuma, H. (1991) “Cultural support for schooling: Contrasts between Japan and the United Sates”, Educational
  • Researcher, 20(9), Retrieved October 3, from JSTOR database, p. 2LEVINE, R. A. (1973) “Basic questions for culture and personality research”, in Culture, Behavior and Personality: An Introduction to the Comparative Study of Psychosocial Adaptation Aldine, Chicago, p. 3LEVINE, R. A. (1973) “Group differences in individual behavior patterns”, In Culture, behavior and personality: An introduction to the comparative study of psychosocial adaptation. Aldine, Chicago, p. 15
  • LEVINE, R. A. (1973) “Theoretical Conceptions of CulturePersonality Relations”, in Culture, Behavior and Personality: An Introduction to the Comparative Study of Psychosocial Adaptation, Aldine, Chicago, p. 43-59.
  • LEVINE, R. A. & White, M. I. Human Conditions: the cultural basis of educational developments Routledge, New York, p. 24-72. OCHS, E. (1986) Introduction, in B. Schieffelin & E. Ochs (Eds.), Language Socialization Across Cultures Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 1-13.
  • OCHS, E. & Schieffeline, B. B. (1984) “Language Acquisition and Socialization: Three Developmental Stories and Their Implications”, in R. A. Shweder & R. A. LeVine, Culture Theory: Essays on Mind, Self, And Emotion, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 2763
  • PARK, Y. S. & Kim, U. (2006) “Family, Parent-Child Relationship, and Academic Achievement In Korea: Indigenous, Cultural, and Psychological Analysis”, in U. Kim, K.S. Yang, & K. K. Hwang (Eds.), Indigenous and Cultural Psychology: Understanding People in
  • Context, Springer, New York, p. 421-443. ROGOFF, B. (2003) The Cultural Nature of Human Development, Oxford University Press, New York.
  • ROTHBAUM, F. Pott, M., Azume, H., Miyake, K., & Weisz, J. (2000) “The Development of Close Relationships in Japan and The United States: Path Of Symbiotic Harmony and Generative Tension”, Child Development, 71(5), p. 1121-1142. http://www.jstor. org
  • SHIMIZU, H. & Tsang, B. Y. P. (2007) “Multi-Vocal Video graphics of Adolescents in Three Cultures: Japan, Honk-Kong, and The United States”, Proposal Submitted to the 2007 Annual Meeting of American Educational Research Association, New York, NY.
  • SPIRO, M. (1987) “Collective representations and mental representations in religious symbol systems” in B. Kilborne & L. L.
  • Langness (Eds.), Culture and Human Nature: Papers of Melford E. Spiro Chicago: University of Chicago Press, p. 161-184. TOBIN, J. J, Wu, D.Y.H., & Davidson, D.H. (1991) Preschools in Three Cultures: Japan, China, and the Unites States, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • WHITE, M. I. (1993) “Rethinking the life course: Mixed messages and complementary contradictions in the creation of adolescence”, in Material child: Coming of age in Japan and America, Free Press, New York, p. 9-25.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Reserch Articles
Authors

Ömer Avcı

Publication Date July 23, 2014
Submission Date July 23, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Avcı, Ö. (2014). Cultural Perspectives on Human Development. Akademik İncelemeler Dergisi, 8(1), 77-92.

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