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SUÇU ÖNLEMEDE SOSYAL SERMAYE OLARAK SOSYAL KONTROLDEN YARARLANMAK

Year 2011, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 111 - 124, 25.07.2014

Nurullah Altun İsmail Hira

Abstract

Sosyal sermaye kavramı, 20. yüzyılın sonlarından bu yana akademik yazında kendine sıkça rastlanılan bir kavram haline gelmiştir. Kavramla, genel olarak bireyler arası ilişkiler, güven, yardımlaşma ve dayanışma, ağlar, sivil topluma ve kamusal faaliyetlere katılım gibi unsurlara işaret edilmektedir. Sosyal sermaye kavramı birçok disiplinle birlikte sosyoloji ve kriminolojininde ilgi alanına girmektedir. Kriminoloji disiplininde özellikle suçla mücadelede ve suçu önlemede sosyal sermayenin gücünden yararlanmak gerektiği akademik literatürde dile getirilmektedir. Özellikle suç teorilerinden sosyal kontrol bu noktada önemli bir işlev görmektedir. Bu makalede, sosyal sermaye bağlamında sosyal kontrolün suçu önlemede alternatif bir yaklaşım olabileceği noktasından hareket edilmektedir.

Keywords

Sosyal sermaye güven suç

References

  • ALTUN, Nurullah (2011) Sosyal Sermayenin Çocuk ve Genç Suçluluğuna Etkisi, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • AKÇOMAK, İ. Semih., ve Weel Bas ter (2008) “The Impact of Social Capital on Crime: Evidence from the Netherlands”, UNU-MERIT Working Paper Series No.2008-042.
  • AKDOĞAN, A. Argun, (2006) “Siyasal Kültür ve Sosyal Sermayenin Karşılaştırılması: Türkiye için Bazı Çıkarsamalar”, Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, S. 12, ss. 162-187.
  • ARROW, Kenneth J., (1999), “Observations on Social Capital”, Socia Capital a Multifaceted Perspectives, (Eds. Partha Dasgupta ve Ismail Serageldin), The World Bank, Washington D. C., ss. 3-5.
  • BOURDIEU, Pierre (2010). “Sermaye Biçimleri” (Çev. Mehmet M. Şahin). Sosyal Sermaye: Kuram-Uygulama-Eleştiri (Der. Mehmet Murat Şahin ve Ahmet Zeki Ünal), Değişim Yayınları, ss. 45-75.
  • BOURDIEU, Pierre ve Wacquant Loic J. D. (2003) Düşünümsel Bir Antropoloji İçin Cevaplar, (Çev. Nazlı Ökten), İletişim Yayınları: İstanbul.
  • CARPIANO, Richard M. (2008) “Actual or Potential Neighborhood Resources and Access to Them Testing Hypotheses of Social Capital for the Health of Female Caregivers”, Social Science & Medicine, C. 67, ss. 568 582.
  • COLEMAN, James. S. (1988): “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital,” American Journal of Sociology, C. 94, ss. 95-120.
  • COLEMAN, James. S. (1994) Foundations of Social Theory, The Belknap Press of Harward University Press: Cambridge.
  • DOLU, Osman (2010) Suç Teorileri: Teori, Araştırma ve Uygulamada Kriminoloji, (2. Baskı), Seçkin Yayınları: Ankara.
  • DURLAUF, N. Steven (2002), “On the Empirics of Social Capital”, The Economic Journal, C. 112 (483), ss. 459-479.
  • FERGUSON, Kristin M. ve Mindel, Charles H. (2007) “Modeling Fear of Crime in Dallas Neighborhoods: A Test of Social Capital Theory”, Crime & Delinquency, C. 53, ss. 322- 49.
  • FIELD, John, (2006) Sosyal Sermaye (Çev. Bahar Bilgen ve Bayram Şen), Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları: İstanbul.
  • FISHER, Roger ve Brown, Scott, (1989) Getting Together, Business Books.
  • FUKUYAMA, Francis (1997) Social Capital, Tanner Lecture on Human Values.
  • Brasenose College: Oxford,
  • http://www.tannerlectures.utah.edu/lectures/documents/Fukuyama98.pdf, 17.12.2008
  • FUKUYAMA, Francis (1999) Büyük Çözülme, İnsanın Doğası ve Toplumsal Düzenin Yeniden Oluşumu, (Çev. Zeynep Avcı, Aslı Telli Aydemir), Sabah Kitapları: İstanbul.
  • FUKUYAMA, Francis (2001) “Social Capital, Civil Society and Development”, Third World Quarterly, C. 22 (1), ss. 7-20.
  • FUKUYAMA, Francis (2005) Güven: Sosyal Erdemler ve Refahın Yaratılması, (Çev.) A. Buğdaycı, Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları: İstanbul.
  • GALEA, Sandro; Karpati, Adam ve Kennedy, Bruce (2002) “Social Capital and Violence in the United States, 1974-1993”. Social Science ve Medicine, C. 55, ss. 1373−1383.
  • GATTI, Uberto; Tremblay, Richard E. ve Larocque, Denis (2003) “Civic Community and Juvenile Delinquency: A Study of Regions of Italy,” British Journal of Criminology, C. 43 (1), ss. 22-40.
  • GRANOVETTER, Mark S. (1973) “The Strength of Weak Ties”, The American Journal of Sociology, C. 78 (6), ss. 1360-1380.
  • HALPERN, David (2007) Social Capital, Polity Press: Cambridge.
  • HIRSCHI, Travis (1972) Causes of Delinquency, University of California Press: Los Angeles.
  • İÇLİ, Tulin ve Burcu, Esra, (1993) “İnformal Sosyal Kontrolün Sağlanmasında Ailelerin Gelir ve Eğitim Düzeyinin Önemi: Ankara`da Uygulamalı Bir Çalışma” Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 10, S.1, ss. 43-56.
  • JACOBS, Jane (1965) The Death and Life of Great American Cities, Penguin Books.
  • KAWACHI, Ichiro; Kennedy, Bruce P. ve Wilkinson, Richard G., (1999) “Crime: Social Disorganization and Relative Deprivation”, SocialScienc&Medicine, C. 48, ss 719-731.
  • KIZMAZ, Zahir (2005a) “Göç ve Yoksulluğun Patolojisi: Siyasal Şiddetten Sosyal Şiddete”, Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8 (1), ss. 85-114.
  • KOSGEB. (2005) Ekonomik Kalkınma Sosyal Sermayenin Rolü, Ankara.
  • LEDERMAN, D., N. Loayza, ve A. M. Menendez (2002): “Violent Crime: Does Social Capital Matter?,” Economic Development and Cultural Change, C. 50 (3), ss. 509–539.
  • LOCHNER, Kimberly; Kawachi, Ichiro ve Kennedy, Bruce P., (1999), “Social Capital: a Guide to its Measurement” Health & Place, C. 5, ss. 259 270.
  • MCNULTY, T. L., ve Bellair, P. E. (2003). Explaining Racial and Ethnic Differences in Adolescent Violences: Structural Disadvantage, Family Well being, and Social Capital, Justice Quarterly, C. 20 (1), ss. 1-31.
  • MESSNER, Steven F., Baumer, Eric P. ve Rosenfeld, Richard (2004): “Dimensions of Social Capital and Rates of Criminal Homicide,” American Sociological Review, C. 69 (December), ss. 882–903.
  • ÖZBAY, Özden, (2008) “Does Social Capital Deter Youth From Cheating, Alcohol Use, and Violence in Turkey? Bringing Turkey in.” Journal of Criminal Justice C. 36, ss. 403- 415.
  • ÖZEN, Şükrü ve Aslan Zuhal, (2006) “İçsel Ve Dışsal Sosyal Sermaye Yaklaşımları Açısından Türk Toplumunun Sosyal Sermaye Potansiyeli: Ortadoğu Sanayi Ve Ticaret Merkezi (OSTİM) Örneği”, Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, C. 12 (2), ss. 130-161.
  • PORTES, Alejandro, (1998) “Social Capital: Its Origins and Applications in Modern Sociology”, Annual Review of Sociology, C. 24, ss. 1-24.
  • PUTNAM, Robert. D. ( Leonardi Robert ve Nanetti, Raffaella Y. ile birlikte) (1993) Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ.
  • PUTNAM, Robert D. (1995) “Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital,”
  • Journal of Democracy, S. 6 (1), ss. 65–78. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_democracy/v006/6.1putnam.html, 02/02/2010.
  • PUTNAM, Robert D. (2000) Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, Simon & Schuster: New York. PUTNAM, Robert D. (2001) “Social Capital: Measurement and Consequences”, http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/25/6/1825848.pdf, 24.09.2010.
  • PUTNAM, Robert D. (2002) “Bowling Together” The American Prospect http://www.prospect.org/cs/articles?articleId=6114, 23.10.2010.
  • ROSENFELD, Richard; Messner, Steven F., ve Baumer, Eric P. (2001): “Social Capital and Homicide,” Social Forces, C. 80 (1), ss. 283-310.
  • ROSS, Catherine E.; Mirowsky, John ve Pribesh, Shana (2001). “Powerlessness and the Amplification of Threat: Neighbourhood Disadvantage, Disorder, and Mistrust”, American Sociological Review, C. 66, ss. 568-591.
  • SALMI, V. ve Kivivuori, J. (2006). The Association Between Social Capital and Juvenile Crime: The role of Individual and Structural Factors, European Journal of Criminology, C. 3, ss. 123-148. SAMPSON, Robert J. ve Groves, W. Byron (1989) “Community Structure and Crime: Testing Social-Disorganization Theory,” The American Journal of Sociology, C. 94 (4), ss. 774-802.
  • WRIGHT, John. Paul; Cullen, Francis T., ve Miller, Jeremy T. (2001) “Family Social Capital and Delinquent Involvement”, Journal of Criminal Justice, C. 29, ss. 1-9.
  • WRIGHT, Darlene R., ve Fitzpatrick, Kevin M. (2006) Social Capital and Adolescent Violent Behavior: Correlates of Fighting and Weapon Use Among Secondary School Students, Social Forces, C. 84, ss. 1435−1453.
  • ZHONG, Lena Y. (2009) Communities, Crime and Social Capital in Contemporary Chine, Willan Publishing: UK.

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Year 2011, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 111 - 124, 25.07.2014

Nurullah Altun İsmail Hira

Abstract

The concept of social capital has been referred in the literature since the late 20th century. Social capital generally refers to interrelations, confidence, hepling one another, networks, civic socities and public service. Social capital is under the review of many diciplines including sociology and criminology. In the criminology literature, the utilization of the power of social capital is viewed an important issue to prevent and fight against crime. The Social Control theory emphasizes the vital importance of the social capital. This study argues that social capital as a dimension of social control might be an alternative approach to crime prevention.

Keywords

Social capital confidence crime

References

  • ALTUN, Nurullah (2011) Sosyal Sermayenin Çocuk ve Genç Suçluluğuna Etkisi, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • AKÇOMAK, İ. Semih., ve Weel Bas ter (2008) “The Impact of Social Capital on Crime: Evidence from the Netherlands”, UNU-MERIT Working Paper Series No.2008-042.
  • AKDOĞAN, A. Argun, (2006) “Siyasal Kültür ve Sosyal Sermayenin Karşılaştırılması: Türkiye için Bazı Çıkarsamalar”, Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, S. 12, ss. 162-187.
  • ARROW, Kenneth J., (1999), “Observations on Social Capital”, Socia Capital a Multifaceted Perspectives, (Eds. Partha Dasgupta ve Ismail Serageldin), The World Bank, Washington D. C., ss. 3-5.
  • BOURDIEU, Pierre (2010). “Sermaye Biçimleri” (Çev. Mehmet M. Şahin). Sosyal Sermaye: Kuram-Uygulama-Eleştiri (Der. Mehmet Murat Şahin ve Ahmet Zeki Ünal), Değişim Yayınları, ss. 45-75.
  • BOURDIEU, Pierre ve Wacquant Loic J. D. (2003) Düşünümsel Bir Antropoloji İçin Cevaplar, (Çev. Nazlı Ökten), İletişim Yayınları: İstanbul.
  • CARPIANO, Richard M. (2008) “Actual or Potential Neighborhood Resources and Access to Them Testing Hypotheses of Social Capital for the Health of Female Caregivers”, Social Science & Medicine, C. 67, ss. 568 582.
  • COLEMAN, James. S. (1988): “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital,” American Journal of Sociology, C. 94, ss. 95-120.
  • COLEMAN, James. S. (1994) Foundations of Social Theory, The Belknap Press of Harward University Press: Cambridge.
  • DOLU, Osman (2010) Suç Teorileri: Teori, Araştırma ve Uygulamada Kriminoloji, (2. Baskı), Seçkin Yayınları: Ankara.
  • DURLAUF, N. Steven (2002), “On the Empirics of Social Capital”, The Economic Journal, C. 112 (483), ss. 459-479.
  • FERGUSON, Kristin M. ve Mindel, Charles H. (2007) “Modeling Fear of Crime in Dallas Neighborhoods: A Test of Social Capital Theory”, Crime & Delinquency, C. 53, ss. 322- 49.
  • FIELD, John, (2006) Sosyal Sermaye (Çev. Bahar Bilgen ve Bayram Şen), Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları: İstanbul.
  • FISHER, Roger ve Brown, Scott, (1989) Getting Together, Business Books.
  • FUKUYAMA, Francis (1997) Social Capital, Tanner Lecture on Human Values.
  • Brasenose College: Oxford,
  • http://www.tannerlectures.utah.edu/lectures/documents/Fukuyama98.pdf, 17.12.2008
  • FUKUYAMA, Francis (1999) Büyük Çözülme, İnsanın Doğası ve Toplumsal Düzenin Yeniden Oluşumu, (Çev. Zeynep Avcı, Aslı Telli Aydemir), Sabah Kitapları: İstanbul.
  • FUKUYAMA, Francis (2001) “Social Capital, Civil Society and Development”, Third World Quarterly, C. 22 (1), ss. 7-20.
  • FUKUYAMA, Francis (2005) Güven: Sosyal Erdemler ve Refahın Yaratılması, (Çev.) A. Buğdaycı, Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları: İstanbul.
  • GALEA, Sandro; Karpati, Adam ve Kennedy, Bruce (2002) “Social Capital and Violence in the United States, 1974-1993”. Social Science ve Medicine, C. 55, ss. 1373−1383.
  • GATTI, Uberto; Tremblay, Richard E. ve Larocque, Denis (2003) “Civic Community and Juvenile Delinquency: A Study of Regions of Italy,” British Journal of Criminology, C. 43 (1), ss. 22-40.
  • GRANOVETTER, Mark S. (1973) “The Strength of Weak Ties”, The American Journal of Sociology, C. 78 (6), ss. 1360-1380.
  • HALPERN, David (2007) Social Capital, Polity Press: Cambridge.
  • HIRSCHI, Travis (1972) Causes of Delinquency, University of California Press: Los Angeles.
  • İÇLİ, Tulin ve Burcu, Esra, (1993) “İnformal Sosyal Kontrolün Sağlanmasında Ailelerin Gelir ve Eğitim Düzeyinin Önemi: Ankara`da Uygulamalı Bir Çalışma” Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 10, S.1, ss. 43-56.
  • JACOBS, Jane (1965) The Death and Life of Great American Cities, Penguin Books.
  • KAWACHI, Ichiro; Kennedy, Bruce P. ve Wilkinson, Richard G., (1999) “Crime: Social Disorganization and Relative Deprivation”, SocialScienc&Medicine, C. 48, ss 719-731.
  • KIZMAZ, Zahir (2005a) “Göç ve Yoksulluğun Patolojisi: Siyasal Şiddetten Sosyal Şiddete”, Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8 (1), ss. 85-114.
  • KOSGEB. (2005) Ekonomik Kalkınma Sosyal Sermayenin Rolü, Ankara.
  • LEDERMAN, D., N. Loayza, ve A. M. Menendez (2002): “Violent Crime: Does Social Capital Matter?,” Economic Development and Cultural Change, C. 50 (3), ss. 509–539.
  • LOCHNER, Kimberly; Kawachi, Ichiro ve Kennedy, Bruce P., (1999), “Social Capital: a Guide to its Measurement” Health & Place, C. 5, ss. 259 270.
  • MCNULTY, T. L., ve Bellair, P. E. (2003). Explaining Racial and Ethnic Differences in Adolescent Violences: Structural Disadvantage, Family Well being, and Social Capital, Justice Quarterly, C. 20 (1), ss. 1-31.
  • MESSNER, Steven F., Baumer, Eric P. ve Rosenfeld, Richard (2004): “Dimensions of Social Capital and Rates of Criminal Homicide,” American Sociological Review, C. 69 (December), ss. 882–903.
  • ÖZBAY, Özden, (2008) “Does Social Capital Deter Youth From Cheating, Alcohol Use, and Violence in Turkey? Bringing Turkey in.” Journal of Criminal Justice C. 36, ss. 403- 415.
  • ÖZEN, Şükrü ve Aslan Zuhal, (2006) “İçsel Ve Dışsal Sosyal Sermaye Yaklaşımları Açısından Türk Toplumunun Sosyal Sermaye Potansiyeli: Ortadoğu Sanayi Ve Ticaret Merkezi (OSTİM) Örneği”, Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, C. 12 (2), ss. 130-161.
  • PORTES, Alejandro, (1998) “Social Capital: Its Origins and Applications in Modern Sociology”, Annual Review of Sociology, C. 24, ss. 1-24.
  • PUTNAM, Robert. D. ( Leonardi Robert ve Nanetti, Raffaella Y. ile birlikte) (1993) Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ.
  • PUTNAM, Robert D. (1995) “Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital,”
  • Journal of Democracy, S. 6 (1), ss. 65–78. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_democracy/v006/6.1putnam.html, 02/02/2010.
  • PUTNAM, Robert D. (2000) Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, Simon & Schuster: New York. PUTNAM, Robert D. (2001) “Social Capital: Measurement and Consequences”, http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/25/6/1825848.pdf, 24.09.2010.
  • PUTNAM, Robert D. (2002) “Bowling Together” The American Prospect http://www.prospect.org/cs/articles?articleId=6114, 23.10.2010.
  • ROSENFELD, Richard; Messner, Steven F., ve Baumer, Eric P. (2001): “Social Capital and Homicide,” Social Forces, C. 80 (1), ss. 283-310.
  • ROSS, Catherine E.; Mirowsky, John ve Pribesh, Shana (2001). “Powerlessness and the Amplification of Threat: Neighbourhood Disadvantage, Disorder, and Mistrust”, American Sociological Review, C. 66, ss. 568-591.
  • SALMI, V. ve Kivivuori, J. (2006). The Association Between Social Capital and Juvenile Crime: The role of Individual and Structural Factors, European Journal of Criminology, C. 3, ss. 123-148. SAMPSON, Robert J. ve Groves, W. Byron (1989) “Community Structure and Crime: Testing Social-Disorganization Theory,” The American Journal of Sociology, C. 94 (4), ss. 774-802.
  • WRIGHT, John. Paul; Cullen, Francis T., ve Miller, Jeremy T. (2001) “Family Social Capital and Delinquent Involvement”, Journal of Criminal Justice, C. 29, ss. 1-9.
  • WRIGHT, Darlene R., ve Fitzpatrick, Kevin M. (2006) Social Capital and Adolescent Violent Behavior: Correlates of Fighting and Weapon Use Among Secondary School Students, Social Forces, C. 84, ss. 1435−1453.
  • ZHONG, Lena Y. (2009) Communities, Crime and Social Capital in Contemporary Chine, Willan Publishing: UK.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Reserch Articles
Authors

Nurullah Altun This is me

İsmail Hira

Publication Date July 25, 2014
Submission Date July 25, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Altun, N., & Hira, İ. (2014). SUÇU ÖNLEMEDE SOSYAL SERMAYE OLARAK SOSYAL KONTROLDEN YARARLANMAK. Akademik İncelemeler Dergisi, 6(1), 111-124.

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