Abstract
In the digital age, the relationship between film and literature demonstrates how different forms of art can collaborate to improve the storytelling experience. Rather than competing, these mediums complement one another, each bringing their own strengths to the storytelling process. This mutual relationship not only enhances the audience's experience but also fosters a greater appreciation for both film and literature (Hutcheon, 2006; Sanders, 2016). The various film adaptations of Chris Van Allsburg’s picturebook Jumanji (1981) are excellent examples of how literature and film can complement and improve one another over time. The first major adaptation of Jumanji was released in 1995 starring Robin Williams and directed by Joe Johnston. Decades later, the story of Jumanji was revitalized with the releases of Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017) and Jumanji: The Next Level (2019) both directed by Jake Kasdan. These adaptations illustrate the changing nature of storytelling across mediums and how each new iteration introduces new perspectives and engages contemporary audiences in novel ways. Mikhail Bakhtin’s concepts of heteroglossia and dialogic relationship (1981) are great tools for understanding how different voices and cultural contexts interact within and between texts, thereby revealing the dynamic nature of storytelling and interpretation. Thus, this paper aims to investigate how Bakhtin's concepts of heteroglossia and dialogic relationship function in Jake Kasdan's 2017 sequel, focusing on how the film adaptation evolves in response to its contemporary context.
References
- Bakhtin, M. M. (1981). The Dialogic Imagination, trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist, ed. Michael Holquist. University of Texas Press.
- Bruce, D. (2017). Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle. Production Notes. Retrieved from https://www.visualhollywood.com/jumanji-welcome-to-the-jungle-2017-production-
- Bucher, K. & Hinton, K. (2010). Young Adult Literature: Exploration, Evaluation, and Appreciation, Pearson Educations.
- Griggs, Y. (2016). The Bloomsbury Introduction to Adaptation Studies: Adapting the Canon in Film, TV, Novels and Popular Culture. Bloomsbury Publishing.
- Failes, I. (2017). ‘Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle’ More Than Just CG Creatures. Cartoon Brew Retrieved from https://www.cartoonbrew.com/feature-film/jumanji-welcome-jungle-just-cg-creatures- 155348.html.
- Fassone, R., Giordano, F., & Girina, I. (Eds.). (2015). Re-framing video games in the light of cinema. G|A|M|E – The Italian Journal of Game Studies, 1(4). Retrieved from http://www.gamejournal.it/issues/game-n-42015/
- Hutcheon, L. (2006). A Theory of Adaptation. Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.
- Jenkins, H. (2004). Game design as narrative architecture. N. Wardrip-Fruin & P. Harrigan (Eds.), First person: New media as story, performance, and game. (pp. 118-130). MIT Press.
- Johnston, J. (1995). Jumanji. [Film] Sony Pictures.
- Kasdan, J. (2017). Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle—[Film] Sony Pictures.
- Klevyer, R. (2022). In Defense of Cutscenes in Proceedings of Computer Games and Digital Cultures Conference. (pp.191-202). Tampere University Press. Retrieved from http://www.digra.org/wp-content/uploads/digital-library/05164.50328.pdf
- Larsen, L. J. (2019). Play and Gameful Movies: The Ludification of Modern Cinema. Games and Culture, 14(5), 455-477.
- McCallum, R. (1999). Ideologies of Identity in Adolescent Fiction: The Dialogic Construction of Subjectivity. Garland Publishing.
- McFarlane, B. (1996). Novel to Film: An Introduction to the Theory of Adaptation. Clarendon Press.
- Mystakidis, S. (2022). Metaverse. Encyclopedia, 2(1), 486-497. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2010031
- Sanders, J. (2016). Adaptation and Appropriation. Routledge.
- Schäfer, S. (2014). “Staring into Darkness: An Analytical Framework for Villains in Literary and Adaptation Studies.” Film & History Conference. https://www.academia.edu/10477442/Staring_into_Darkness_An_Analytical_Framework_for_Villains_in_Literary_and_Adaptation_Studies_2014_
- Stam, R. (2004). Introduction: The Theory and Practice of Adaptation. A Companion to Literature and Film. Blackwell Publishing.
- Stam, R. (2005). The Theory and Practice of Adaptation. Stam and Redrigo (Eds.), Literature and Film: A Guide to the Theory and Practice of Film Adaptation. (pp. 1-51). Blackwell.
- Tootell, H., & Freeman, A. (2014). The Applicability of Gaming Elements to Early Childhood Education. Jonathan Bishop (Ed.) Gamification for human factors integration: Social, education, and psychological issues.
- Van Allsburg, C. (1981). Jumanji: A jungle adventure game. Houghton Mifflin Company.
- Whitehurst, K. (2022). Precious Identity, Adaptation, and the African-American Youth Film. Routledge.
Abstract
Dijital çağda film ve edebiyat arasındaki ilişki, farklı sanat dallarının hikaye anlatma deneyimini geliştirmek için nasıl işbirliği yapabileceğini göstermektedir. Rekabet etmekten ziyade, bu araçlar birbirlerini tamamlamakta ve her biri hikaye anlatma sürecine kendi güçlü yanlarını katmaktadır. Bu karşılıklı ilişki sadece izleyicinin deneyimini geliştirmekle kalmaz, aynı zamanda hem film hem de edebiyat için daha büyük bir takdir duygusu uyandırır (Hutcheon, 2006; Sanders, 2016). Chris Van Allsburg'un Jumanji (1981) adlı resimli çocuk kitabının çeşitli film uyarlamaları, edebiyat ve filmin zaman içinde birbirini nasıl tamamlayıp geliştirebileceğinin mükemmel örnekleridir. Joe Johnston'ın yönettiği Jumanji'nin ilk uyarlamasında Robin Williams başrolde oynamış ve film 1995 yılında gösterime girmiştir. Yıllar sonra Jumanji'nin hikayesi, her ikisi de Jake Kasdan tarafından yönetilen Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017) ve Jumanji: The Next Level (2019) filmleriyle yeniden canlanmıştır. Bu uyarlamalar, hikaye anlatımının metinler arasında değişen doğasını ve her yeni yinelemenin nasıl yeni bakış açıları getirdiğini ve çağdaş izleyicileri yeni yollarla nasıl cezbettiğini göstermektedir. Mikhail Bakhtin'in heteroglossia ve diyalojik ilişki (1981) kavramları, farklı seslerin ve kültürel bağlamların metinler içinde ve arasında nasıl etkileşime girdiğini anlamak için harika araçlardır, böylece hikaye anlatımı ve yorumlamanın dinamik doğasını ortaya çıkarmaktadırlar. Dolayısıyla bu makale, Bakhtin'in heteroglossia ve diyalojik ilişki kavramlarının Jake Kasdan'ın 2017 yapımı Jumanji devam filminde nasıl işlediğini araştırmayı ve film uyarlamasının çağdaş bağlamına uygun olarak nasıl geliştiğine odaklanmayı amaçlamaktadır.
References
- Bakhtin, M. M. (1981). The Dialogic Imagination, trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist, ed. Michael Holquist. University of Texas Press.
- Bruce, D. (2017). Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle. Production Notes. Retrieved from https://www.visualhollywood.com/jumanji-welcome-to-the-jungle-2017-production-
- Bucher, K. & Hinton, K. (2010). Young Adult Literature: Exploration, Evaluation, and Appreciation, Pearson Educations.
- Griggs, Y. (2016). The Bloomsbury Introduction to Adaptation Studies: Adapting the Canon in Film, TV, Novels and Popular Culture. Bloomsbury Publishing.
- Failes, I. (2017). ‘Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle’ More Than Just CG Creatures. Cartoon Brew Retrieved from https://www.cartoonbrew.com/feature-film/jumanji-welcome-jungle-just-cg-creatures- 155348.html.
- Fassone, R., Giordano, F., & Girina, I. (Eds.). (2015). Re-framing video games in the light of cinema. G|A|M|E – The Italian Journal of Game Studies, 1(4). Retrieved from http://www.gamejournal.it/issues/game-n-42015/
- Hutcheon, L. (2006). A Theory of Adaptation. Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.
- Jenkins, H. (2004). Game design as narrative architecture. N. Wardrip-Fruin & P. Harrigan (Eds.), First person: New media as story, performance, and game. (pp. 118-130). MIT Press.
- Johnston, J. (1995). Jumanji. [Film] Sony Pictures.
- Kasdan, J. (2017). Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle—[Film] Sony Pictures.
- Klevyer, R. (2022). In Defense of Cutscenes in Proceedings of Computer Games and Digital Cultures Conference. (pp.191-202). Tampere University Press. Retrieved from http://www.digra.org/wp-content/uploads/digital-library/05164.50328.pdf
- Larsen, L. J. (2019). Play and Gameful Movies: The Ludification of Modern Cinema. Games and Culture, 14(5), 455-477.
- McCallum, R. (1999). Ideologies of Identity in Adolescent Fiction: The Dialogic Construction of Subjectivity. Garland Publishing.
- McFarlane, B. (1996). Novel to Film: An Introduction to the Theory of Adaptation. Clarendon Press.
- Mystakidis, S. (2022). Metaverse. Encyclopedia, 2(1), 486-497. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2010031
- Sanders, J. (2016). Adaptation and Appropriation. Routledge.
- Schäfer, S. (2014). “Staring into Darkness: An Analytical Framework for Villains in Literary and Adaptation Studies.” Film & History Conference. https://www.academia.edu/10477442/Staring_into_Darkness_An_Analytical_Framework_for_Villains_in_Literary_and_Adaptation_Studies_2014_
- Stam, R. (2004). Introduction: The Theory and Practice of Adaptation. A Companion to Literature and Film. Blackwell Publishing.
- Stam, R. (2005). The Theory and Practice of Adaptation. Stam and Redrigo (Eds.), Literature and Film: A Guide to the Theory and Practice of Film Adaptation. (pp. 1-51). Blackwell.
- Tootell, H., & Freeman, A. (2014). The Applicability of Gaming Elements to Early Childhood Education. Jonathan Bishop (Ed.) Gamification for human factors integration: Social, education, and psychological issues.
- Van Allsburg, C. (1981). Jumanji: A jungle adventure game. Houghton Mifflin Company.
- Whitehurst, K. (2022). Precious Identity, Adaptation, and the African-American Youth Film. Routledge.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Cultural Studies (Other) |
| Journal Section | Reserch Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | August 5, 2024 |
| Publication Date | October 10, 2024 |
| Submission Date | May 21, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | July 6, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 |
