Multipl Skleroz

Öz

MS , genelde genç erişkinlerde santral sinir sistemini etkileyen, kronik, otoimmün ve demiyelinizan bir hastalıktır. Miyelin kılıflar, oligodendrositler ve daha az oranda aksonların ve nöronların hasarlandığı bir hastalıktır. Avrupa ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde görülme sıklığı, her 1000 genç yetişkinde 1’dir. Türkiye’de ise gerçekleştirilen epidemiyolojik çalışmalarda, MS prevelansı 1000 genç yetişkinde 0,4-1 arasında izlenmiştir. MS 20. yüzyılın başlarında nörolojide en sık görülen hastalıklardan biri haline gelmiştir. Günümüzde dünyada 2,5 milyon MS hastası vardır. Bu hastaların tedavisi ve bakımı milyarlarca dolara mal olmaktadır. Bugüne kadar MS patofizyolojisinde genetik ve çevresel risk faktörlerinin önemli rol oynadığı düşünülmesine rağmen MS için spesifik bir patogenez tanımlanmamıştır. Bu bağlamda MS hayvan modelleri hastalığın başlangıcı ve progresyonunun anlaşılmasında ve hastalık için yeni tedavi yaklaşımlarının test edilmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Multipl Skleroz, Demiyelinizasyon, Remiyelinizasyon

Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis MS is a chronic autoimmune, demyelinating disease that affects the central nervous system, usually in young adults. Mostly the myelin sheaths and oligodendrocytes, and to a smaller extent the axons and neuron cells are damaged in MS. In Europe and the United States of America, the prevalence is 1 in a thousand young adults. In Turkey, epidemiological studies have shown that the MS prevalence is 0.4-1 per thousand. In the early 20th century, MS became one of the most common neurological disorders. Nowadays 2.5 million people have MS. Treatment and maintenance of these patients costs billions of dollars. Even though genetics and environmental factors are thought to play an important role in MS pathophysiology, an MS-specific pathogenesis is not yet described. In this context, understanding the onset and progression of this disease and testing new treatment approaches for MS animal models play an important role

Keywords

• Multiple Sclerosis, Demyelination, Remyelination

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