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YENİ MEDYA’DAN TRANSMEDYA’YA İLLÜSTRASYON VE OYUN TASARIMINDA PERİFERİ

Year 2022, Volume: 16 Issue: 29, 139 - 163, 29.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.48069/akdenizsanat.942481

Abstract

Zihin dizgesindeki en soyut eşleşmelerden biri olan kavram, yaşam döngüsü içerisinde kendini görselleşerek var eder. Yeni medya ise görseli temsil eden sosyal ve kültürel klişelerle birlikte kavramların bir anda gündeme gelerek doğup, büyüdüğü ve öldüğü bir mecradır. Çağdaş yeni medya ortamında fenomenolojik bir yaklaşımdan ortaya çıkan şeyler aracılığıyla, günümüzde izleyicinin dikkatini çekmede salt görsellik yeterli değildir. Özellikle tasarımcıların, yeni medya ortamlarını kullanarak farklı anlatı yolları ve kanallar bulması gereklidir. İşte tam bu noktada Henry Jenkins tarafından farklı bakış açıları geliştirilerek yeni bir anlam bulan transmedya kavramının önemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Transmedya, grafik dilin olanakları dahilinde oyun tasarımı ve illüstrasyonlarda hem görsel hem süreç temelli bir çevre anlayışı sağlayarak bu çalışmada periferi kavramı üzerinden bir araştırma yapılmasına olanak tanımıştır.

Nitekim bu çalışma transmedya evrenleri içerisindeki tasarım odaklı düşünce yapısını ortaya koyması nedeniyle de önemlidir. Bilhassa Türkiye’de yeni medya ortamlarının çok gelişmiş olması transmedya kavramının zamanla popüler kültür olgusu olarak okunmasına yol açmaktadır. Küresel boyutta da durum Türkiye örneğinden farklı değildir. Dolayısıyla çalışma konusu, tasarım bağlamında gerek yerel gerekse ulusal gözlemleri barındırdığı için bu araştırma makalesi şu soruyu cevaplamayı amaçlamaktadır: Tasarım odaklı transmedya nasıl gerçekleştirilebilir? Bu sorunun cevaplanabilmesi için çalışmada uluslararası örnek olarak Walt Disney’in yarattığı Mickey Mouse karakteri, ulusal örnek olarak da TRT Çocuk kanalı tarafından yayınlanan Maysa ve Bulut animasyonu üzerinden analiz ve incelemelerle araştırma sonuçlandırılmıştır.

References

  • Referans1 BEDİR ERİŞTİ, Suzan Duygu (2021). Yeni Medya ve Görsel İletişim Tasarımı. Ankara: Pegem Yayıncılık.
  • Referans2 BERTETTI, Paolo (2014). Towars a Typology of Trasnmedia Characters, International Journal of Communication, Sayı: 8. https://www.kisa.link/OUze. [Erişim Tarihi: 05 Mart 2021]
  • Referans3 BİNARK, Mutlu (2007). Yeni Medya Çalışmalarında Yeni Sorunlar ve Yöntem Sorunu. (Editör: M. Binark). Yeni Medya Çalışmaları içinde. İstanbul: Dipnot Yayınları, 21-44.
  • Referans4 BOLTER, David ve GRUSIN, Richard (2000). Remediation Understanding New Media. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Referans5 BUEHRING, Joern ve VITTACHI, Nury (2020). Transmedia Storytelliing: Addressing Futures Communication Challenges With Video Animation, Taiwan: Journal of Futures Studies, Sayı 25, 65-78.
  • Referans6 CIANCIA, Mariana (2015). Transmedia Design Framework. Design Oriented Approach To Trasnmedia Research, Milano: International Journal of Transmedia Literacy, Sayı 1, 131-145.
  • Referans7 CREEBER, Glen (2009). Digital Theory: Theorizing New Media. (Editör: G. Creeber & M. Royston ). Digital Cultures: Understanding New Media içinde. Berkshire: Open University Press, 11-22.
  • Referans8 CROTEAU, David ve HOYNES, William (2003). Media Society: Industries, Images, and Audiences. Oaks: Pine Forge Press.
  • Referans9 DENA, Christy (2009). Transmedia Practise: Theorising The Practice of Expressing a Fictional World Across Distinct Media and Environments. PhD Dissertation. Sidney: University of Sydney, School of Letters, Arts and Media, Department of Media and Communications.
  • Referans10 DİNÇ, Muhammed Ali. ve DİNÇER, Zeynep (2019). Yeni Medyada Temsili Anlamlandırma. Aydın: Dördüncü Kuvvet, Sayı: 2, 91-102.
  • Referans11 DOVEY, Jon ve KENNEDY, Helen (2006). Games Cultures. Computer Games As New Media. Berkshire: Open University Press.
  • Referans12 DURAN, R. (2015). Ekranın İhaneti mi?. (Editör: Y. İnceoğlu ve S. Çoban). İnternet ve Sokak içinde.İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları, 9-11.
  • Referans13 FEHRLE, Johannes (2015). Leading into Franchise. Remediation as (Simulated) Transmedia World. The Case of Scott Pilgrim. Almanya: IMAGE, Sayı: 21, 4-16.
  • Referans14 FUERY, Patrick ve WAGNER, Kelli (2003). Visual Cultures And Critical Theory. London: Arnold Publishing.
  • Referans15 GITELMAN, Lisa (2006). Always Already New. Media, History And The Data of Culture. London: The MIT Press Cambridge.
  • Referans16 GÜNGÖR, Aylin (2020). Kültürel Anlatılarda Amazon Kadını: Hareketli Bir Çizgi Roman Uygulaması, Sanatta Yeterlik Tezi, Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Güzel Sanatlar Enstitüsü.
  • Referans17 JENKINS, Henry (2006). Converenge Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. US: New York University Press.
  • Referans18 JENKINS, Henry (2015). Wandering Through the Labyrinth: An İnterview with USC’s Marsha Kinder (Part Two). https://www.kisa.link/OUxE [Erişim Tarihi 04.03.2021]
  • Referans19 JENKINS, Henry (2018). Cesur Yeni Medya. Teknolojiler ve Hayran Kültürü. (Çeviren: Nihan Yeğengil). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Referans20 KINDER, Marsha (1991). Playing with with Power in Movies, Television and Video Games: From Muppet Babies to Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Referans21 KLASTRUP, Lisbeth ve TOSCA, Susana (2004). Transmedial World. Rethinking. Cyberworld Design, (Bildiri), International Conference on Cyberworlds, 18-20 Kasım, Washington: IEEE Computer Society, 409-416.
  • Referans22 Logan, R. K. (2010). Understanding New Media: Extending McLuhan. New York: Peter Lang Publishing.
  • Referans23 MANOVIC, Lev (2001). The Language of New Media. Massachusetts: MIT Press.
  • Referans24 MARTINEC, Radan ve SALWAY, Andrew (2005). A System For Image-Text Relations In New (An Old) Media. London: Visual Communication, Sayı: 4.
https://www.kisa.link/OUxJ [Erişim Tarihi: 03 Mart 2021]
  • Referans25 NAYAR, Pramod (2018). Literature Contians Graphic Language: Adaption, Visualization and Transmedia Texts, Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities, Sayı: 10. http://rupkatha.com/V10/n1/v10n102.pdf [Erişim Tarihi: 05 Mart 2021]
  • Referans26 PRATTEN, Robert (2015). Getting Started In Transmedia Storytelling: A Practical Guide For Beginners. USA: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
  • Referans27 PRENSKY, Marc (2001). Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants. UK: On the Horizon, Sayı: 9, 1-6.
  • Referans28 SCHELL, Jesse (2008). The Art of Game Design: A Book of Lenses. Burlington: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers.
  • Referans29 SCOLARI, Carlos Alberto (2009). Transmedia Storytelling: Implicit consumers, narrative worlds, and branding in contemporary media production. Los Angels: International Journal of Communication, Sayı: 3, 586-606.
  • Referans30 SCOLARI, Carlos Alberto (2019). Transmedia Is Dead. Long Live Transmedia! (Or Life, Passion and the Decline of a Concept). Argetina: LIS. Letra. Imagen, Sonidor, Sayı: 20, 69-92.
  • Referans31 STAFFANS, Simon (2012). One Year in Now Media. Slide Share, https://www.slideshare.net/Simon99/one-year-in-now-media [Erişim Tarihi: 04.03.2021]
  • Referans32 TEUKOLSKY, Rachel (2020). Picture World. Image, Aesthetics and Victorian New Media. UK: Oxford University Press.

PERIPHERY IN ILLUSTRATION AND GAME DESIGN FROM NEW MEDIA TO TRANSMEDIA

Year 2022, Volume: 16 Issue: 29, 139 - 163, 29.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.48069/akdenizsanat.942481

Abstract

The concept, which is one of the most abstract matches in the mind system, comes into existence by visualizing in the life cycle. New media, on the other hand, is a medium where social and cultural cliches representing visuals and concepts are born, grow and die. Visuality mere is not enough to attract the attention of the audience through the things that emerged from a phenomenological approach in the contemporary new media environment. In particular, designers need to find different narrative paths and channels using new media mediums. At this point, the importance of the concept of transmedia, which finds a new meaning by developing different perspectives by Henry Jenkins, becomes apparent. Transmedia provided both a visual and process-based understanding of the environment in game design and illustrations within the possibilities of the graphic language, allowing a research on the concept of periphery in this study.

As a matter of fact, this study is also important because it reveals the design-oriented thinking structure within the transmedia universes. Especially in Turkey, the development of new media environments causes the concept of transmedia to be read as a popular culture phenomenon over time. Globally, the situation is not different from the Turkish example. Therefore, this research article aims to answer the following question, since the subject of the study includes both local and national observations in the context of design: How can design oriented transmedia be realized? In order to answer this question, the research was concluded with analysis and examinations on the Mickey Mouse character created by Walt Disney as an international example, and the Maysa and Bulut animation broadcast by TRT Children’s channel as a national example.

References

  • Referans1 BEDİR ERİŞTİ, Suzan Duygu (2021). Yeni Medya ve Görsel İletişim Tasarımı. Ankara: Pegem Yayıncılık.
  • Referans2 BERTETTI, Paolo (2014). Towars a Typology of Trasnmedia Characters, International Journal of Communication, Sayı: 8. https://www.kisa.link/OUze. [Erişim Tarihi: 05 Mart 2021]
  • Referans3 BİNARK, Mutlu (2007). Yeni Medya Çalışmalarında Yeni Sorunlar ve Yöntem Sorunu. (Editör: M. Binark). Yeni Medya Çalışmaları içinde. İstanbul: Dipnot Yayınları, 21-44.
  • Referans4 BOLTER, David ve GRUSIN, Richard (2000). Remediation Understanding New Media. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Referans5 BUEHRING, Joern ve VITTACHI, Nury (2020). Transmedia Storytelliing: Addressing Futures Communication Challenges With Video Animation, Taiwan: Journal of Futures Studies, Sayı 25, 65-78.
  • Referans6 CIANCIA, Mariana (2015). Transmedia Design Framework. Design Oriented Approach To Trasnmedia Research, Milano: International Journal of Transmedia Literacy, Sayı 1, 131-145.
  • Referans7 CREEBER, Glen (2009). Digital Theory: Theorizing New Media. (Editör: G. Creeber & M. Royston ). Digital Cultures: Understanding New Media içinde. Berkshire: Open University Press, 11-22.
  • Referans8 CROTEAU, David ve HOYNES, William (2003). Media Society: Industries, Images, and Audiences. Oaks: Pine Forge Press.
  • Referans9 DENA, Christy (2009). Transmedia Practise: Theorising The Practice of Expressing a Fictional World Across Distinct Media and Environments. PhD Dissertation. Sidney: University of Sydney, School of Letters, Arts and Media, Department of Media and Communications.
  • Referans10 DİNÇ, Muhammed Ali. ve DİNÇER, Zeynep (2019). Yeni Medyada Temsili Anlamlandırma. Aydın: Dördüncü Kuvvet, Sayı: 2, 91-102.
  • Referans11 DOVEY, Jon ve KENNEDY, Helen (2006). Games Cultures. Computer Games As New Media. Berkshire: Open University Press.
  • Referans12 DURAN, R. (2015). Ekranın İhaneti mi?. (Editör: Y. İnceoğlu ve S. Çoban). İnternet ve Sokak içinde.İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları, 9-11.
  • Referans13 FEHRLE, Johannes (2015). Leading into Franchise. Remediation as (Simulated) Transmedia World. The Case of Scott Pilgrim. Almanya: IMAGE, Sayı: 21, 4-16.
  • Referans14 FUERY, Patrick ve WAGNER, Kelli (2003). Visual Cultures And Critical Theory. London: Arnold Publishing.
  • Referans15 GITELMAN, Lisa (2006). Always Already New. Media, History And The Data of Culture. London: The MIT Press Cambridge.
  • Referans16 GÜNGÖR, Aylin (2020). Kültürel Anlatılarda Amazon Kadını: Hareketli Bir Çizgi Roman Uygulaması, Sanatta Yeterlik Tezi, Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Güzel Sanatlar Enstitüsü.
  • Referans17 JENKINS, Henry (2006). Converenge Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. US: New York University Press.
  • Referans18 JENKINS, Henry (2015). Wandering Through the Labyrinth: An İnterview with USC’s Marsha Kinder (Part Two). https://www.kisa.link/OUxE [Erişim Tarihi 04.03.2021]
  • Referans19 JENKINS, Henry (2018). Cesur Yeni Medya. Teknolojiler ve Hayran Kültürü. (Çeviren: Nihan Yeğengil). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Referans20 KINDER, Marsha (1991). Playing with with Power in Movies, Television and Video Games: From Muppet Babies to Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Referans21 KLASTRUP, Lisbeth ve TOSCA, Susana (2004). Transmedial World. Rethinking. Cyberworld Design, (Bildiri), International Conference on Cyberworlds, 18-20 Kasım, Washington: IEEE Computer Society, 409-416.
  • Referans22 Logan, R. K. (2010). Understanding New Media: Extending McLuhan. New York: Peter Lang Publishing.
  • Referans23 MANOVIC, Lev (2001). The Language of New Media. Massachusetts: MIT Press.
  • Referans24 MARTINEC, Radan ve SALWAY, Andrew (2005). A System For Image-Text Relations In New (An Old) Media. London: Visual Communication, Sayı: 4.
https://www.kisa.link/OUxJ [Erişim Tarihi: 03 Mart 2021]
  • Referans25 NAYAR, Pramod (2018). Literature Contians Graphic Language: Adaption, Visualization and Transmedia Texts, Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities, Sayı: 10. http://rupkatha.com/V10/n1/v10n102.pdf [Erişim Tarihi: 05 Mart 2021]
  • Referans26 PRATTEN, Robert (2015). Getting Started In Transmedia Storytelling: A Practical Guide For Beginners. USA: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
  • Referans27 PRENSKY, Marc (2001). Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants. UK: On the Horizon, Sayı: 9, 1-6.
  • Referans28 SCHELL, Jesse (2008). The Art of Game Design: A Book of Lenses. Burlington: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers.
  • Referans29 SCOLARI, Carlos Alberto (2009). Transmedia Storytelling: Implicit consumers, narrative worlds, and branding in contemporary media production. Los Angels: International Journal of Communication, Sayı: 3, 586-606.
  • Referans30 SCOLARI, Carlos Alberto (2019). Transmedia Is Dead. Long Live Transmedia! (Or Life, Passion and the Decline of a Concept). Argetina: LIS. Letra. Imagen, Sonidor, Sayı: 20, 69-92.
  • Referans31 STAFFANS, Simon (2012). One Year in Now Media. Slide Share, https://www.slideshare.net/Simon99/one-year-in-now-media [Erişim Tarihi: 04.03.2021]
  • Referans32 TEUKOLSKY, Rachel (2020). Picture World. Image, Aesthetics and Victorian New Media. UK: Oxford University Press.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Aylin Güngör 0000-0001-8204-2092

Publication Date January 29, 2022
Submission Date May 25, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 16 Issue: 29

Cite

APA Güngör, A. (2022). YENİ MEDYA’DAN TRANSMEDYA’YA İLLÜSTRASYON VE OYUN TASARIMINDA PERİFERİ. Akdeniz Sanat, 16(29), 139-163. https://doi.org/10.48069/akdenizsanat.942481

Submission of articles for the January 2025 issue of Akdeniz Art (volume: 19 issue: 35) will take place between October 1 st to 15 th , 2024.