Eğitimde Dijitalleşme Olgusunun Fırsat Eşitliği Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Eğitimde fırsat eşitliği meritokratik bir toplum düzeninde bireylerin liyakatleri doğrultusunda hak ettikleri toplumsal konumları elde etmelerini sağlayacak olanak ve araçlara erişimlerindeki adalete işaret eden bir kavramdır. Toplumsal yaşamda dijitalleşmenin ve teknoloji kullanımının giderek artması eğitsel süreçleri de benzer yönde biçimlendirmekte, özellikle yaşanan son pandemi ile birlikte eğitimde dijitalleşmeyi olağan ve kaçınılmaz bir noktaya taşımaktadır. Eğitim uygulamalarının daha hızlı ve kolay hale gelmesi açısından değerlendirildiğinde oldukça yararlı olarak değerlendirilebilecek bu durum, söz konusu dijital donanıma sahip olup olmama bağlamında yeni eşitsizlikler üretme riski açısından son derece tartışmaya açıktır. Özellikle okul dışı sosyoekonomik ve sosyokültürel boyutların etkili olduğu böylesi bir fırsat eşitliği tartışmasının, özellikle gelecekteki eğitsel süreçleri adil ve etkili bir biçimde, dezavantajlı kesimlerden gelen öğrencileri de gözeterek yapılandırmak açısından değerli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı eğitimde fırsat eşitliği kavramına anlaşılır bir çerçeve sunduktan sonra hem dijitalleşme süreçlerinin eğitimde fırsat eşitliği ideali bağlamında içerdiği riskleri belirlemek hem de dijitalleşme süreçlerinin eğitsel ortamlarda eşitliğe katkı sunma potansiyelini tartışmaktır. Bu doğrultuda alan yazında öne çıkan ve araştırma odağında yer alan eğitimde fırsat eşitliği ve eğitimde dijitalleşmenin tartışıldığı önemli akademik çalışmalar doküman incelemesine tabi tutulmuş ve araştırma soruları kapsamında sentezlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Eğitimde Fırsat Eşitliği
• Eğitimde Dijitalleşme
• Dijital Ayrım
• Eğitimde Teknoloji Kullanımı

Evaluation of Digitalization in Education in the Context of Equality of Opportunity

Abstract

Equality of opportunity in education is a concept that refers to the fairness in access to opportunities and tools that will enable individuals to achieve the social positions they deserve in line with their qualifications in a meritocratic social order. The increasing use of digitalization and technology in social life shapes educational processes in a similar direction, and especially with the recent pandemic, digitalization in education has become a normal and inevitable point. This situation, which can be considered very useful in terms of making educational practices faster and easier, is highly debatable in terms of the risk of producing new inequalities in the context of having or not having the digital equipment in question. Such a discussion of equality of opportunity, which is influenced by socioeconomic and sociocultural dimensions, especially outside of school, is considered to be valuable in terms of structuring future educational processes in a fair and effective manner, taking into account students from disadvantaged families. The aim of this study is to first provide a clear framework for the concept of equal opportunity in education, and then not only to identify the risks that digitalization processes involve in the context of the ideal of equal opportunity in education and but also to discuss the potential of digitalization processes to contribute to equality in educational environments. In this direction, important academic studies in which equality of opportunity in education and digitalization in education were subjected to document analysis and synthesized within the scope of the research questions.

Keywords

• Equality of Opportunity in Education
• Digitalization in Education
• Technology Use in Education
• Digital Divide

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