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Sosyal Medya ve İletişim Alanında Yaşanan Dönüşüm: Twitter Diplomasisi Örneği

Year 2021, Issue: 10, 105 - 119, 17.12.2021

Abstract

Küreselleşme süreci insanoğlunun hayatında çok köklü değişimler yaşanmasına yol açan oldukça önemli bir süreçtir. Bu süreçte yaşanan değişim ve dönüşümlerin etki altına aldığı yapılardan biri de iletişim alanıdır. Özellikle sosyal medya kullanımının her geçen gün artması ve çoğu insan için hayatın olağan rutinlerinden biri haline gelmesi, bu platformu iletişim alanında ön plana çıkarmıştır. Bu sosyal medya mecralarından biri olan Twitter ise zaman içinde özellikle siyasetçilerin ön plana çıktığı bir yapıya dönüşmeye başlamıştır. Çoğu siyasetçi için halka mesaj iletmenin en etkili yollarından biri haline gelen Twitter, devletlerin dış politika davranışlarını da etkilemeye başlamıştır. Özellikle ABD Eski Başkanı Donald Trump gibi kimi siyasetçilerin dış politika konularını bu platforma taşıması, “Twitter Diplomasisi” adı verilen bu yeni diplomasi türünü popüler hale getirmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın temel amacı; Twitter Diplomasisi örneğinden hareketle, sosyal medyanın iletişim ve dış politika alanlarında ne gibi değişimlere yol açtığının analiz edilmesidir.

References

  • Adesina, O.S. (2017). Foreign policy in an era of digital diplomacy. Cogent Social Sciences, 3 (1), 1-13.
  • Carr, C.T. ve Hayes, R.A. (2015). Social Media: Defining, Developing, and Divining. Atlantic Journal of Communication. 23 (1), 46-65.
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  • Crump, J. (2011). What Are the Police Doing on Twitter? Social Media, the Police and the Public. Policy & Internet, 3 (4), 1-27. Cull, N.J. (2013). The Long Road to Public Diplomacy 2.0: The Internet in US Public Diplomacy. International Studies Review, 15 (1), 123-139.
  • DiStasoa, M.W., McCorkindale, T. ve Wright, D.K. (2011). How public relations executives perceive and measure the impact of social media in their organizations. Public Relations Review, 37 (1), 325-328.
  • Dodda, M.D. ve Collins, S.J. (2017). Public relations message strategies and public diplomacy 2.0: An empirical analysis using Central-Eastern European and Western Embassy Twitter accounts. Public Relations Review, 43 (1), 417-425.
  • Dumciuviene, A. (2016). Twiplomacy: the meaning of social media to public diplomacy and foreign policy of Lithuania. Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review, 35 (1), 91-115.
  • Duncombe, C. (2017). Twitter and transformative diplomacy: social media and Iran-US relations. International Affairs, 93 (3), 545-562.
  • Eltantawy, N. ve Wiest, J.B. (2011). Social Media in the Egyptian Revolution: Reconsidering Resource Mobilization Theory. International Journal of Communication, 5 (1), 1207-1224.
  • Greathouse, C.B. (2014). Cyber War and Strategic Thought: Do the Classic Theorists Still Matter?. (Ed. Kremer, J.F. ve Müller, B.), Cyberspace and International Relations Theory, Prospects and Challenges içinde, (s. 21-40). London: Springer.
  • Hocking, B. ve Melissen, J. (2015). Diplomacy in the Digital Age. Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael Report. Hague.
  • Howard, P.N. ve Parks, M.R. (2012). Social Media and Political Change: Capacity, Constraint, and Consequence. Journal of Communication, 62 (2), 359-362.
  • Hurd, I. (2011). Law and practise of diplomacy. International Journal, 66 (3), 582-596.
  • Joseph, S. (2012). Social Media, Political Change, and Human Rights. Boston College International & Comparative Law Review, 35 (1), 145-188.
  • Kaplan, A. M. ve Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business Horizons, 53 (1), 59-68.
  • Kent, M.L. (2010). Directions in Social Media for Professionals and Scholars. (Ed. Heath, R.L.). Handbook of Public Relations içinde.(s. 643-656). California: SAGE Publications.
  • Miller, D. ve Costa, E. (2016). How the World Changed Social Media. London: UCL Press.
  • Natarajan, K. (2014). Digital Public Diplomacy and a Strategic Narrative for India. Strategic Analysis, 38 (1), 91-106.
  • Nigro, L.J. (2008). Theory and Practice of Modern Diplomacy: Origins and Development to 1914. USAWC Guide to National Security Issues, 1 (1), 195-207.
  • Power, D.J. ve Phillips-Wren, G. (2011). Impact of Social Media and Web 2.0 on Decision-Making. Journal of Decision Systems, 20 (3), 249-261.
  • Radu, R. (2014). Power Technology and Powerful Technologies: Global Governmentality and Security in the Cyberspace. (Ed. Kremer, J.F. ve Müller, B.). Cyberspace and International Relations Theory, Prospects and Challenges içinde.(s. 3-20). London: Springer.
  • Siddiqui, S. ve Singh, T. (2016). Social Media its Impact with Positive and Negative Aspects. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research, 5 (2), 71-75.
  • Surowiec, P. ve Miles, C. (2021). The populist style and public diplomacy: kayfabe as performative agonism in Trump’s Twitter posts. Public Relations Inquiry, 10 (1), 5-30.
  • Tsimonis, G. ve Dimitriadis, S. (2014). Brand strategies in social media. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 32 (3), 328-344.
  • URL 1: https://www.dijitalajanslar.com/sosyal-medya-tarihcesi/ (Erişim Tarihi: 27.03.2021)
  • URL 2: https://www.stratcomcoe.org/about-strategic-communications (Erişim Tarihi: 09.04.2021)
  • Wiseman, G. ve Sharp, P. (2012). Diplomacy. (Eds. Devetak, R., Burke, A. ve George, G.). An Introduction to International Relations içinde.(s. 256-267). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Wolfsfeld, G., Segev, E. ve Sheafer, T. (2013). Social Media and the Arab Spring: Politics Comes First. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 18 (2), 115-137.
  • Velikaya, A.A. ve Simons, G. (Eds.) (2019). Russia’s Public Diplomacy Evolution and Practice. Cham: Palgrave MacMillan.
Year 2021, Issue: 10, 105 - 119, 17.12.2021

Abstract

References

  • Adesina, O.S. (2017). Foreign policy in an era of digital diplomacy. Cogent Social Sciences, 3 (1), 1-13.
  • Carr, C.T. ve Hayes, R.A. (2015). Social Media: Defining, Developing, and Divining. Atlantic Journal of Communication. 23 (1), 46-65.
  • Constantinides, E., Lorenzo Romero, C. ve A. Gómez Boria, m. (2008). Social Media: A New Frontier for Retailers?. European Retail Research, 22 (1), 1-28.
  • Crump, J. (2011). What Are the Police Doing on Twitter? Social Media, the Police and the Public. Policy & Internet, 3 (4), 1-27. Cull, N.J. (2013). The Long Road to Public Diplomacy 2.0: The Internet in US Public Diplomacy. International Studies Review, 15 (1), 123-139.
  • DiStasoa, M.W., McCorkindale, T. ve Wright, D.K. (2011). How public relations executives perceive and measure the impact of social media in their organizations. Public Relations Review, 37 (1), 325-328.
  • Dodda, M.D. ve Collins, S.J. (2017). Public relations message strategies and public diplomacy 2.0: An empirical analysis using Central-Eastern European and Western Embassy Twitter accounts. Public Relations Review, 43 (1), 417-425.
  • Dumciuviene, A. (2016). Twiplomacy: the meaning of social media to public diplomacy and foreign policy of Lithuania. Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review, 35 (1), 91-115.
  • Duncombe, C. (2017). Twitter and transformative diplomacy: social media and Iran-US relations. International Affairs, 93 (3), 545-562.
  • Eltantawy, N. ve Wiest, J.B. (2011). Social Media in the Egyptian Revolution: Reconsidering Resource Mobilization Theory. International Journal of Communication, 5 (1), 1207-1224.
  • Greathouse, C.B. (2014). Cyber War and Strategic Thought: Do the Classic Theorists Still Matter?. (Ed. Kremer, J.F. ve Müller, B.), Cyberspace and International Relations Theory, Prospects and Challenges içinde, (s. 21-40). London: Springer.
  • Hocking, B. ve Melissen, J. (2015). Diplomacy in the Digital Age. Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael Report. Hague.
  • Howard, P.N. ve Parks, M.R. (2012). Social Media and Political Change: Capacity, Constraint, and Consequence. Journal of Communication, 62 (2), 359-362.
  • Hurd, I. (2011). Law and practise of diplomacy. International Journal, 66 (3), 582-596.
  • Joseph, S. (2012). Social Media, Political Change, and Human Rights. Boston College International & Comparative Law Review, 35 (1), 145-188.
  • Kaplan, A. M. ve Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business Horizons, 53 (1), 59-68.
  • Kent, M.L. (2010). Directions in Social Media for Professionals and Scholars. (Ed. Heath, R.L.). Handbook of Public Relations içinde.(s. 643-656). California: SAGE Publications.
  • Miller, D. ve Costa, E. (2016). How the World Changed Social Media. London: UCL Press.
  • Natarajan, K. (2014). Digital Public Diplomacy and a Strategic Narrative for India. Strategic Analysis, 38 (1), 91-106.
  • Nigro, L.J. (2008). Theory and Practice of Modern Diplomacy: Origins and Development to 1914. USAWC Guide to National Security Issues, 1 (1), 195-207.
  • Power, D.J. ve Phillips-Wren, G. (2011). Impact of Social Media and Web 2.0 on Decision-Making. Journal of Decision Systems, 20 (3), 249-261.
  • Radu, R. (2014). Power Technology and Powerful Technologies: Global Governmentality and Security in the Cyberspace. (Ed. Kremer, J.F. ve Müller, B.). Cyberspace and International Relations Theory, Prospects and Challenges içinde.(s. 3-20). London: Springer.
  • Siddiqui, S. ve Singh, T. (2016). Social Media its Impact with Positive and Negative Aspects. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research, 5 (2), 71-75.
  • Surowiec, P. ve Miles, C. (2021). The populist style and public diplomacy: kayfabe as performative agonism in Trump’s Twitter posts. Public Relations Inquiry, 10 (1), 5-30.
  • Tsimonis, G. ve Dimitriadis, S. (2014). Brand strategies in social media. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 32 (3), 328-344.
  • URL 1: https://www.dijitalajanslar.com/sosyal-medya-tarihcesi/ (Erişim Tarihi: 27.03.2021)
  • URL 2: https://www.stratcomcoe.org/about-strategic-communications (Erişim Tarihi: 09.04.2021)
  • Wiseman, G. ve Sharp, P. (2012). Diplomacy. (Eds. Devetak, R., Burke, A. ve George, G.). An Introduction to International Relations içinde.(s. 256-267). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Wolfsfeld, G., Segev, E. ve Sheafer, T. (2013). Social Media and the Arab Spring: Politics Comes First. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 18 (2), 115-137.
  • Velikaya, A.A. ve Simons, G. (Eds.) (2019). Russia’s Public Diplomacy Evolution and Practice. Cham: Palgrave MacMillan.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Bilal Karabulut 0000-0002-4751-6165

Publication Date December 17, 2021
Submission Date September 18, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 10

Cite

APA Karabulut, B. (2021). Sosyal Medya ve İletişim Alanında Yaşanan Dönüşüm: Twitter Diplomasisi Örneği. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(10), 105-119.

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Akdeniz University Journal of the Institute of Social Sciences (AKSOS)