Story and Effects of Βeta 3 Adrenoceptors

Year 2022, Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 186 - 195, 30.09.2022

Ayper Pekmezekmek

https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1074093

Abstract

It has been known since the 19th century that sympathetic nerves cause various effects in the human body. The existence of more than one adrenergic receptor was first suggested by Ahlquist in 1948 and many researchers stated that the number of these receptors is unknown. Later in 1984, the presence of an atypical β adrenoceptor (AR) in white and brown fat in rodents was revealed by a scientist named Arch, and these ARs were named ß3 AR.
In the light of this information, the first human ß3-ARs were cloned in 1989, and these ARs were found to be localized in the intestine and adipose tissue, as in rodent ß3-ARs. In studies conducted in animal models, findings have been obtained that β3 ARs agonists have thermogenic, antilipogenic, anti-obesitic, antidepressant effects, cause relaxation in the human gallbladder and urinary bladder, and can be used to prevent preterm birth. Preterm birth is one of the most complex and important challenges in obstetrics. Despite nearly 40 years of research and clinical progress, the incidence of preterm birth has unfortunately not changed today. It is thought that further studies are needed on this subject.

Keywords

β3 AR, agonists, antiobecity, anti depressant, preterm labor

Βeta 3 Adrenoseptörlerin Hikayesi ve Etkileri

Abstract

Sempatik sinirlerin insan vücudunda çeşitli etkilere yol açtığı 19.yüzyıldan itibaren bilinmektedir. Birden fazla adrenerjik reseptör olduğu Ahlquist tarafından ilk olarak 1948 yılında ileri sürülmüş ve birçok araştırıcı tarafından bu reseptörlerin sayısının bilinmediği ifade edilmiştir. Daha sonra 1984 yılında Arch adlı bilim adamı tarafından kemirgenlerde beyaz ve kahverengi yağda atipik bir β adrenoseptor (AR) varlığı ortaya konulmuş ve bu AR’ ler β3 AR olarak adlandırılmıştır.
Bu bilgilerin ışığında 1989 yılında ilk insan β3-ARs klonlanmış ve bu AR’lerin kemirgen β3-AR’lerdeki gibi barsak ve yağ dokusunda lokalize olduğu bulunmuştur. Hayvan modellerinde yapılan çalışmalarda, β3 AR agonistlerinin termojenik, antilipojenik, anti obesitik, antidepresan etki gösterdiği, insan safra kesesi ve idrar kesesinde gevşemeye neden olduğu ve preterm doğumu önlemede kullanılabileceği yönünde bulgular elde edilmiştir. Preterm doğum, obstetrideki en karmaşık ve önemli zorluklardan biridir. Yaklaşık 40 yıllık araştırma ve klinik ilerlemeye rağmen günümüzde preterm doğum insidansı maalesef değişmemiştir. Bu konuda ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

β3 AR, agonistler, antiobesite, antidepresan, preterm doğum

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