Türkiye’de Sık Kullanılan Farklı Bitümlü Bağlayıcıların Yaşlanmaya Bağlı Reolojik ve Morfolojik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2024, , 910 - 920, 20.08.2024

Abdulgazi Gedik

https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1464564

Abstract

Bitümlü bağlayıcıların zamanla yaşlanmasına bağlı olarak asfalt karışımlar elastikiyetini kaybederek daha gevrek bir yapıya dönüşebilmektedir. Dolayısıyla esnek kaplamalı yollarda bir takım bozulmalar, deformasyonlar ve çatlamalar meydana gelmektedir ki bu durum asfalt yolların planlanan hizmet ömrünü önemli ölçüde kısaltmaktadır. Bu nedenle yaşlanmanın bitümün viskoelastik davranışını nasıl etkilediğini anlamak ve yaşlanmayı engelleyecek ve/veya geciktirecek önlemler ve çeşitli ajanlar geliştirmek karayolu mühendisliğinde büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında yaşlanmanın Türkiye’de bitümlü karışımlarda sıkça kullanılan dört farklı penetrasyon dereceli bağlayıcının (B50/70, B70/100, B100/150 ve B160/220) reolojik ve mikro yapısı üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Laboratuar ortamında kısa ve uzun vadede yaşlandırılan bitüm numuneleri yeni nesil performans deneyleri (dönel viskozimetre, dinamik kesme reometresi ve kiriş eğilme reometresi) ile test edilmiştir ve mikro yapıları yüksek çözünürlüklü elektron mikroskobu altında incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak yaşlanmaya rağmen B50/70 bağlayıcısının tekerlek izi deformasyonuna karşı direncini; B160/220 bağlayıcısının ise düşük sıcaklıklarda meydana gelebilecek termal çatlaklara karşı dayanımını muhafaza edebileceği görülmüştür.

Keywords

Bitümlü bağlayıcı, yaşlanma, reoloji, morfoloji

Investigation of the Rheological and Morphological Properties of Different Bituminous Binders Commonly Used in Türkiye Due to Aging

Abstract

As bituminous binders age over time, asphalt mixtures may lose their elasticity and become more brittle. Therefore, some deteriorations, deformations and cracks occur on flexible paved roads, which significantly shorten the planned service life of the asphalt roads. Therefore, understanding how aging affects the viscoelastic behavior of bitumen and developing measures and various agents to prevent and/or delay aging is of great importance in highway engineering. Within the scope of this study, the effects of aging on the rheological and microstructure of four different penetration degree binders (B50/70, B70/100, B100/150 and B160/220), which are frequently used in bituminous mixtures in Türkiye, were investigated. Bitumen samples aged in the laboratory environment in the short and long term were tested with new generation performance experiments (rotational viscometer, dynamic shear rheometer and beam bending rheometer) and their microstructures were examined under a high-resolution electron microscope. According to test results, it has been observed that despite aging, B50/70 can maintain its resistance against rutting deformation and B160/220 keeps it resistance to low temperature cracks.

Keywords

Bituminous binder, aging, rheology, morphology

References

• Airey, G.D., 2003. State of the art report on ageing test methods for bituminous pavement materials. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 4(3), 165-176. https://doi.org/10.1080/1029843042000198568
• Androjić, I., 2016. Ageing of hot mix asphalt. Građevinar, 68(6), 477-483. https://doi.org/10.14256/JCE.1420.2015
• ASTM D 4402, 2015. Standard test method for viscosity determination of asphalt at elevated temperatures using a rotational viscometer. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://doi.org/10.1520/D4402_D4402M-15
• ASTM D 6648, 2016. Standard Test Method for Determining the Flexural Creep Stiffness of Asphalt Binder Using the Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://doi.org/10.1520/D6648-08R16
• ASTM D 7175, 2015. Standard test method for determining the rheological properties of asphalt binder using a dynamic shear rheometer. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://doi.org/10.1520/D7175-15 Bocci, E., Prosperi, E., Mair, V., and Bocci, M., 2020. Ageing and cooling of hot-mix-asphalt during hauling and paving—A laboratory and site study. Sustainability, 12(20), 8612. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208612
• Das, P.K., Kringos, N., and Birgisson, B., 2014. Microscale investigation of thin film surface ageing of bitumen. Journal of microscopy, 254(2), 95-107. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmi.12122
• Eberhardsteiner, L., Füssl, J., Hofko, B., Handle, F., Hospodka, M., Blab, R., and Grothe, H., 2015. Influence of asphaltene content on mechanical bitumen behavior: experimental investigation and micromechanical modeling. Materials and Structures, 48, 3099–3112. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0383-7
• Feng, Z.G., Yu, J.Y., and Kuang, D.L., 2013. The physical properties and photostability of bitumen with different ultraviolet absorbers. Petroleum Science and Technology, 31(2), 113-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/10916466.2012.654573
• Fernández-Gómez, W.D., Quintana, H.A.R., Daza, C.E., and Lizcano, F.A.R., 2014. The effects of environmental aging on Colombian asphalts. Fuel, 115, 321-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.07.009
• Frolov, I.N., Bashkirceva, N.Y., Ziganshin, M.A., Okhotnikova, E.S., and Firsin, A.A., 2016. The steric hardening and structuring of paraffinic hydrocarbons in bitumen. Petroleum Science and Technology, 34(20), 1675-1680. https://doi.org/10.1080/10916466.2016.1221962
• Gómez, W.D.F., Quintana, H.A.R., and Lizcano, F.A.R., 2013. A review of asphalt and asphalt mixture aging. Ingenieria e Investigacion, 33(1), 5-12.
• He, B., Yu, J., Du, W., Cao, Z., and Han, X., 2019. Preparation and characterization of lignosulfonate grafted layered double hydroxides and their applications as anti-ultraviolet additives for bitumen. Construction and Building Materials, 195, 432-440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.100
• Hosseinnezhad, S., Zadshir, M., Yu, X., Yin, H., Sharma, B. K., and Fini, E., 2019. Differential effects of ultraviolet radiation and oxidative aging on bio-modified binders. Fuel, 251, 45–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.04.029
• Hunter, R.N., Self, A., Read, J., and Hobson, E., 2015. The Shell Bitumen Handbook, 6th ed.; ICE Publishing: London, UK.
• Karahancer, S., Enieb, M., Saltan, M., Terzi, S., Eriskin, E., Cengizhan, A., and Akbas, M.Y., 2020. Evaluating mechanical properties of bitumen and hot mix asphalt modified with nano ferric oxide. Construction and Building Materials, 234, 117381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117381
• López-Montero, T., Crucho, J., Picado-Santos, L., and Miró, R., 2018. Effect of nanomaterials on ageing and moisture damage using the indirect tensile strength test. Construction and Building Materials, 168, 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.110
• Mirwald, J., Nura, D., Eberhardsteiner, L., and Hofko, B., 2022. Impact of UV–Vis light on the oxidation of bitumen in correlation to solar spectral irradiance data. Construction and Building Materials, 316, 125816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125816
• Omar, H.A., Katman, H.Y., Bilema, M., Ahmed, M.K.A., Milad, A., and Md Yusoff, N.I., 2021. The effect of ageing on chemical and strength characteristics of nanoclay-modified bitumen and asphalt mixture. Applied Sciences, 11(15), 6709. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11156709
• Peng, C., Yu, J., Dai, J., and Yin, J., 2015. Effect of Zn/Al Layered Double Hydroxide Containing 2-Hydroxy-4-n-octoxy-benzophenone on UV Aging Resistance of Asphalt. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2015, 739831. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/739831
• Polo-Mendoza, R., Martinez-Arguelles, G., Walubita, L. F., Moreno-Navarro, F., Giustozzi, F., Fuentes, L., and Navarro-Donado, T., 2022. Ultraviolet ageing of bituminous materials: A comprehensive literature review from 2011 to 2022. Construction and Building Materials, 350, 128889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128889
• Shui, H.F., 1998. Study on the aging kinetics of paving asphalt. Journal of East China University of Science and Technology, 24(4), 399.
• Tang, N., Yang, Y.L., Yu, M.L., Wang, W.L., Cao, S.Y., Wang, Q., and Pan, W.H., 2018. Investigation of ageing in bitumen using fluorescence spectrum. Materials, 11(8), 1325. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11081325
• Tauste, R., Moreno-Navarro, F., Sol-Sánchez, M., and Rubio-Gámez, M.C., 2018. Understanding the bitumen ageing phenomenon: A review. Construction and Building Materials, 192, 593-609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.10.169
• TS EN 12607-1, 2015. Bitüm ve bitümlü bağlayıcılar- Isı ve hava etkisi altında sertleşme direncinin tayini- Bölüm 1: RTFOT yöntemi, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü.
• TS EN 14769, 2012. Bitümler ve bitümlü bağlayıcılar- Basınçlı yaşlandırma kabı (PAV) ile hızlandırılmış uzun süreli yaşlandırma işlemi, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü.
• Wang, J.S., Wu, S.P., Han, J., and Liu, X., 2012. Study on preparation and UV ageing resistance effect of LDHs modified asphalt. Key Engineering Materials, 509, 194-202. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.509.194
• Wei, C., Zhang, H., Duan, H., 2020. Effect of catalytic-reactive rejuvenator on structure and properties of aged SBS modified asphalt binders. Construction and Building Materials, 246, 118531, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118531
• Zhang, H., Yu, J., Wang, H., and Xue, L., 2011. Investigation of microstructures and ultraviolet aging properties of organo-montmorillonite/SBS modified bitumen. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 129(3), 769–776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.04.078
• Zupanick, M. and Baselice, V., 1997. Characterizing asphalt volatility. Transportation research record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1586(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3141/1586-01