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Türkiye'de Sentinel-3 Gözlemlerinden Elde Edilen Bütünleşik Su Buharı Ön Sonuçları

Year 2021, , 374 - 381, 30.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.827501

Abstract

Atmosferdeki su buharı; hava koşulları ve iklim ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Bu nedenle troposferdeki su buharı tahmini, meteoroloji ile ilgili çalışmalar için önemli konulardan biri haline gelmiştir. Teknolojinin ilerlemesi ile birlikte atmosferdeki su buharı miktarının belirlenmesinde geleneksel radyosonda balonlarına ek olarak, Global Navigasyon Uydu Sistemleri (GNSS), Yer Tabanlı Mikrodalga Radyometreler (MWR) ve Orta Çözünürlüklü Görüntüleme Spektro-radyometresi (MODIS) gibi farklı teknikler de kullanılmaya başlamıştır. Konumsal ve zamansal çözünürlük ve tahmin doğruluğu açısından kullanılan tüm yöntemlerin kendi artıları ve eksileri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, farklı iklim koşulları ve ciddi topografik farklılıklara sahip olan Türkiye'de, Sentinel-3 Seviye-2 OLCI (Okyanus ve Kara Renk Enstrümanı) ürünlerinden ve GNSS ile elde edilen bütünleşik su buharı (IWV) değerleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Değerlendirme sonucunda Temmuz ayında, Sentinel-3 IWV değerlerinin karesel ortalama hatası (RMS), GNSS IWV ile karşılaştırıldığında tüm istasyonlarda 2-4 mm sınırında olduğu ve IWV değerlerinin SAMN hariç tüm istasyonlarda 0.7'nin üzerinde korelasyon ile uyuştuğunu göstermektedir. Ek olarak, Kasım ayında, IWV farklarının 0.5-2.5 mm RMS’e sahip olduğu ve IWV değerlerinin, SAMN istasyonu haricindeki istasyonların hepsinde 0.85'in üzerinde korelasyon katsayısı ile uyuştuğunu göstermektedir. SAMN istasyonunda oluşan bu farklı sonuçların sebebinin istasyonun bulunduğu Samsun ilinin, Karadeniz'e kıyısı olması ve yoğun yağış alması nedeniyle nem seviyelerinin normalin çok üstünde olması düşünülmektedir. Çalışma sonucunda, Sentinel-3 ile elde edilen IWV değerlerinin bulutluluk oranın izin verdiği sürece özellikle kış aylarında yeterince iyi olduğu ancak uydu yörüngesinin çalışma bölgesinden geçişinin limitli olması sonucunda zamansal çözünürlüğün düşük kaldığı ortaya çıkmıştır.

References

  • Bevis, M., Businger, S., Herring, T.A., Rocken, C., Anthes, R., Ware, R., 1992. GNSS meteorology: remote sensing of atmospheric water vapour using the global positioning system. Journal of Geophysical Research, 97, 15787–15801.
  • Bevis, M., Chiswell, S., Hering, T.A., Anthes, R., Rocken, C., Ware, R., 1994. GNSS meteorology: mapping zenith wet delays onto precipitable water. Journal of Applied Meteorology 33, 379–386.
  • Donlon, C., 2011. Sentinel-3 Mission Requirements Trace-ability Document. Technical report EOP-SM/2184/CD-cd, ESA, 234.
  • Donlon, C., Berruti, B., Buongiorno, A., Ferreira, M. H., Féménias, P., Frerick, J., ... & Nieke, J., 2012. The global monitoring for environment and security (GMES) sentinel-3 mission. Remote Sensing of Environment, 120, 37-57.
  • Drinkwater, M., Rebhan, H., 2007. Sentinel-3: Mission Requirements Document. ESA, EOP-SMO/1151/MD-md, 2, 19-22.
  • Team, P., 2016. GMES space component Sentinel-3 payload data ground segment products definition document. Eur. Space Agency, Paris, France, Tech. Rep. GMES-S3GS-EOPG-TN-12-0004, 91 p.
  • Gurbuz, G., Jin, S., 2016. Evaluation of ocean tide loading effects on GPS-estimated precipitable water vapour in Turkey. Geodesy and Geodynamics, 7(1), 32-38.
  • Gurbuz, G., Jin, S., 2017. Long‐time variations of precipitable water vapour estimated from GPS, MODIS and radiosonde observations in Turkey. International Journal of Climatology, 37(15), 5170-5180.
  • Herring, T. A., King, R. W., McClusky, S. C., 2010. Introduction to GAMIT/GLOBK 10.6. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 50.
  • Jin., S.G., Li, Z.C., Cho, J.H., 2008. Integrated water vapor field and multi-scale variations over China from GNSS measurements. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 47, 3008-3015.
  • Jin, S.G., Luo, O.F., 2009. Variability and climatology of PWV from global 13-year GNSS observations. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 47, 1918-1924.
  • Jin, S.G., Feng, G.P., Gleason, S., 2011. Remote sensing using GNSS signals: current status and future directions. Advances in Space Research, 47, 1645-1653.
  • Jin, S.G., Han, L., Cho, J., 2011. Lower atmospheric anomalies following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake observed by GNSS measurements. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 73(7-8), 810-814.
  • Jin, S., Cardellach, E., Xie, F. 2014. GNSS Remote Sensing (Vol. 16). Dordrecht, Springer, 271.
  • Lyard, F., Lefevre, F., Letellier, T., Francis, O., 2006. Modelling the global ocean tides: modern insights from FES2004. Ocean Dynamics, 56(5-6), 394-415.
  • 1-https://www-cdn.eumetsat.int/files/2020-04/pdf_s3_adfs.pdf, (01/04/2020).
  • 2-https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/user-guides/sentinel-3-olci/coverage, (01/04/2020).
  • 3-https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/user-guides/sentinel-3-olci/processing-levels/level-2, (01/04/2020).

Preliminary Results of Integrated Water Vapor Estimated from Sentinel-3 Observations in Turkey

Year 2021, , 374 - 381, 30.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.827501

Abstract

Water vapor in the atmosphere is directly related to weather conditions and climate variations. Therefore, estimation of water vapor in the troposphere has become one of the hot subjects for meteorology-related studies. Advancement of the technology allowed scientists to use different methods such as Radiosonde balloons, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Ground-based Microwave Radiometers (MWR), and satellite images obtained from different missions such as Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-Radiometer (MODIS). Every method has its own pros and cons with respect to spatial and temporal resolution and estimation accuracy. In this study, Integrated water vapor (IWV) values obtained from Sentinel-3 Level-2 OLCI (Ocean and Land Colour Instrument) products are compared with GNSS IWV in Turkey that has a variety of climate conditions and topographical differences between regions. Results show that in July, root mean square (RMS) of Sentinel-3 IWV are at the limit of 2-4 mm at all stations compared to GNSS IWV and have over 0.7 correlation coefficient at most of the stations. In November, results are 0.5-2.5 mm RMSE and over 0.85 correlation coefficient at most of the stations with the exception of SAMN station. In Samsun city where SAMN station is located, humidity levels are off the charts due to the coastline of the Black Sea and have rainy weather throughout the year. This study proves that the IWV values obtained from Sentinel-3 are accurate enough especially in the winter season to be used if the cloud coverage allows it.

References

  • Bevis, M., Businger, S., Herring, T.A., Rocken, C., Anthes, R., Ware, R., 1992. GNSS meteorology: remote sensing of atmospheric water vapour using the global positioning system. Journal of Geophysical Research, 97, 15787–15801.
  • Bevis, M., Chiswell, S., Hering, T.A., Anthes, R., Rocken, C., Ware, R., 1994. GNSS meteorology: mapping zenith wet delays onto precipitable water. Journal of Applied Meteorology 33, 379–386.
  • Donlon, C., 2011. Sentinel-3 Mission Requirements Trace-ability Document. Technical report EOP-SM/2184/CD-cd, ESA, 234.
  • Donlon, C., Berruti, B., Buongiorno, A., Ferreira, M. H., Féménias, P., Frerick, J., ... & Nieke, J., 2012. The global monitoring for environment and security (GMES) sentinel-3 mission. Remote Sensing of Environment, 120, 37-57.
  • Drinkwater, M., Rebhan, H., 2007. Sentinel-3: Mission Requirements Document. ESA, EOP-SMO/1151/MD-md, 2, 19-22.
  • Team, P., 2016. GMES space component Sentinel-3 payload data ground segment products definition document. Eur. Space Agency, Paris, France, Tech. Rep. GMES-S3GS-EOPG-TN-12-0004, 91 p.
  • Gurbuz, G., Jin, S., 2016. Evaluation of ocean tide loading effects on GPS-estimated precipitable water vapour in Turkey. Geodesy and Geodynamics, 7(1), 32-38.
  • Gurbuz, G., Jin, S., 2017. Long‐time variations of precipitable water vapour estimated from GPS, MODIS and radiosonde observations in Turkey. International Journal of Climatology, 37(15), 5170-5180.
  • Herring, T. A., King, R. W., McClusky, S. C., 2010. Introduction to GAMIT/GLOBK 10.6. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 50.
  • Jin., S.G., Li, Z.C., Cho, J.H., 2008. Integrated water vapor field and multi-scale variations over China from GNSS measurements. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 47, 3008-3015.
  • Jin, S.G., Luo, O.F., 2009. Variability and climatology of PWV from global 13-year GNSS observations. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 47, 1918-1924.
  • Jin, S.G., Feng, G.P., Gleason, S., 2011. Remote sensing using GNSS signals: current status and future directions. Advances in Space Research, 47, 1645-1653.
  • Jin, S.G., Han, L., Cho, J., 2011. Lower atmospheric anomalies following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake observed by GNSS measurements. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 73(7-8), 810-814.
  • Jin, S., Cardellach, E., Xie, F. 2014. GNSS Remote Sensing (Vol. 16). Dordrecht, Springer, 271.
  • Lyard, F., Lefevre, F., Letellier, T., Francis, O., 2006. Modelling the global ocean tides: modern insights from FES2004. Ocean Dynamics, 56(5-6), 394-415.
  • 1-https://www-cdn.eumetsat.int/files/2020-04/pdf_s3_adfs.pdf, (01/04/2020).
  • 2-https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/user-guides/sentinel-3-olci/coverage, (01/04/2020).
  • 3-https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/user-guides/sentinel-3-olci/processing-levels/level-2, (01/04/2020).
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Gökhan Gürbüz 0000-0001-5491-4623

Çağlar Bayık This is me 0000-0001-6606-3272

Publication Date April 30, 2021
Submission Date November 17, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Gürbüz, G., & Bayık, Ç. (2021). Preliminary Results of Integrated Water Vapor Estimated from Sentinel-3 Observations in Turkey. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(2), 374-381. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.827501
AMA Gürbüz G, Bayık Ç. Preliminary Results of Integrated Water Vapor Estimated from Sentinel-3 Observations in Turkey. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. April 2021;21(2):374-381. doi:10.35414/akufemubid.827501
Chicago Gürbüz, Gökhan, and Çağlar Bayık. “Preliminary Results of Integrated Water Vapor Estimated from Sentinel-3 Observations in Turkey”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 21, no. 2 (April 2021): 374-81. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.827501.
EndNote Gürbüz G, Bayık Ç (April 1, 2021) Preliminary Results of Integrated Water Vapor Estimated from Sentinel-3 Observations in Turkey. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 21 2 374–381.
IEEE G. Gürbüz and Ç. Bayık, “Preliminary Results of Integrated Water Vapor Estimated from Sentinel-3 Observations in Turkey”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 374–381, 2021, doi: 10.35414/akufemubid.827501.
ISNAD Gürbüz, Gökhan - Bayık, Çağlar. “Preliminary Results of Integrated Water Vapor Estimated from Sentinel-3 Observations in Turkey”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 21/2 (April 2021), 374-381. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.827501.
JAMA Gürbüz G, Bayık Ç. Preliminary Results of Integrated Water Vapor Estimated from Sentinel-3 Observations in Turkey. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;21:374–381.
MLA Gürbüz, Gökhan and Çağlar Bayık. “Preliminary Results of Integrated Water Vapor Estimated from Sentinel-3 Observations in Turkey”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 2, 2021, pp. 374-81, doi:10.35414/akufemubid.827501.
Vancouver Gürbüz G, Bayık Ç. Preliminary Results of Integrated Water Vapor Estimated from Sentinel-3 Observations in Turkey. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;21(2):374-81.


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