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Electrical Aging in Lead-Free Piozoelectric Ceramics

Year 2014, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 541 - 548, 01.12.2014

Abstract

Perovskite type lead-free piezoelectric Bi0.5(Na0.75K0.20Li0.05)0.5TiO3 (BNKLT), 0.948(K0.5Na0.5)NbO30.052LiSbO3(KNN-LS), and 0.948(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-0.052LiSbO3+%1 mol Cu (KNN-LS-Cu) ceramics were synthesized by solid state method using high purity oxide and carbonate powders in this study. Following perovskite phase verification by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method, cold isostatic pressing was used to obtain disc shaped samples. Samples sintered at the range of 1040-1140°C depending on the composition were then sputter coated with gold (Au) and microstructural analyses were made in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). After the density measurements by Archimedes method, room temperature dielectric properties were measured by LCR-meter in gold electroded samples. For the piezoelectric measurements (d33), samples were poled in a hot (110°C) silicon oil bath by applying DC from 3 to 6 kV. After the poling, change in time was monitored both in dielectric (εr , tanδ) and piezoelectric (d33) properties up to 105 second. The stability of electrical properties is important for the reliability of ceramics for use in electronics. KNN-LS and Cu doped KNN-LS ceramics exhibits higher piezoelectric properties in comparison to BNKLT based ceramics. Even though no improvement in densification is achieved, dielectric constant and piezoelectric coefficient values remarkably increased in KNN-LS ceramics when doped with 1 % Cu. Aging of piezoelectric properties were also much less in KNN based ceramics. © Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi1. Giriş

References

  • Aksel, E. and Jones, J.L., 2010.Advances in Lead-Free Piezoelectric Materials for Sensors and Actuators. Sensors,10, 1935-1954.
  • Andersen, B., 1996. Properties and Performance of Multilayer Actuators for Dynamic Applications. Proceedings of 5th International Conference on New Actuators in June 26-28, 1996, Bremen, Germany Editor: Hubert Borgman, Published by AXON Technologie and Consult GmbH, n.24, 177.
  • Guo, Y.P., Kakimoto, K., and Ohsato, H., 2004. Phase transitional behavior and piezoelectric properties of (Na0.5K Letters, 85, 4121-4123.
  • Eichel, R-A., Erünal, E., Drahus, M.D., Smyth, D.M., van Tol, J., Acker, J., Kungl H., and Hoffmann, M.J., 2009. Local variations in defect polarization and covalent bonding in ferroelectric Cu2+-doped PZT and KNN functional ceramics at the morphotropic phase boundary. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 11(39), 8698–8705.
  • Hollenstein, E., Davis, M., Damjanovic, D., and Setter, N., 2005. Piezoelectric properties of Li- and Ta-modified (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 ceramics. Applied Physics Letters, 87, 182905.
  • Jaffe, B., Cook W.R., Jaffe, H., 1971. Piezoelectric Ceramics. Academic Press, New York
  • Kholkin, A.L., Taylor, D.V., and Setter, N., 1998. Poling effect on the piezoelectric properties of lead zirconate titanate thin films. Proceedings of the Eleventh IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics, ISAF 98., 69-72.
  • Li, J.F., Wang, K., Zhang, B.P., and Zhang, L.M., 2006. Ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of fine- grained Na0.5K0.5NbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics prepared by spark plasma sintering. Journal of American Ceramic Society, 89, 706-709.
  • Li, E.,Kakemoto, H., Wada, S., and Tsurumi, T., 2007. Influence of CuO on the structure and piezoelectric properties of the alkaline niobate-based lead-free ceramics. Journal of American Ceramic Society, 90(6), 1787–1791.
  • Lin, D.M., Xiao, D.Q., Zhu, J.G., and Yu, P. 2006. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of [Bi0.5(Na1-x-yKxLiy)0.5]TiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. Applied Physics Letters, 88, 062901.
  • Lin, D., Kwok, K. W., and Chan, H. L. W., 2008. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of Cu- doped K0.5Na0.5NbO3 lead-free ceramics. Journal of Physics D Applied Physics, 41(4), 045401.
  • Saito, Y., and Takao, H., 2006. High Performance Lead- free Piezoelectric Ceramics in the (K,Na)NbO3- LiTaO3 Solid Solution System. Ferroelectrics, 338(1) 17-32.
  • Tressler, J. F., Alkoy S., and Newnham R. E., 1998. Piezoelectric sensors and sensor materials. Journal of Electroceramics, 2(4), 257-272.
  • Uchino, K., 2009. Ferroelectric Devices. 2nd edn., CRC Press, New York.
  • Xiao, D.Q., Lin, D.M., Zhu, J.G., and Yu, P., 2008. Studies on new systems of BNT-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. Journal of Electroceramics, 2008, 21, 34- 38.
  • Zang, G.Z., Wang, J.F., Chen, H C., Su, W.B., Wang, C.M., Qi, P., Ming, B.Q., Du, J., and Zheng, L.M., 2006. Perovskite (Na0.5K0.5)1-x(LiSb)xNb1-xO3 lead-free piezoceramics. Applied Physics Letters, 88, 212908.

Kurşunsuz Piozeelektrik Seramiklerde Elektriksel Yaşlanma

Year 2014, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 541 - 548, 01.12.2014

Abstract

Bu çalışmada perovskit kristal yapılı kurşunsuz piezoelektrik Bi0.5(Na0.75K0.20Li0.05)0.5TiO3 (BNKLT), 0.948(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-0.052LiSbO3(KNN-LS) ve %1 mol Cu katkılı KNN-LS-Cu (0.948(K0.5Na0.5)NbO30.052LiSbO3+%1 mol Cu) seramiklerin yüksek saflıktaki oksit ve karbonat bileşiminde tozlardan katı hal yöntemiyle üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Faz yapısı X-ışınları kırınımı (XRD) yöntemiyle kontrol edilen perovskit yapılı tozlardan soğuk izostatik presleme (CIP) ile disk şekilli numuneler elde edilmiştir. Bileşime göre 1040-1140°C aralığında sinterlenen numunelerin yüzeyi altın (Au) kaplanarak taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile mikroyapı incelemesi yapılmıştır. Arşimed testi ile yoğunlukları ölçülen numunelerde oda sıcaklığında dielektrik özellik ölçümleri LCR-metre ile yapılmıştır. Sıcak silikon yağ banyosunda 110°C’ye ısıtılan numuneler 3-6 kV DC gerilim etkisinde kutulama işleminden geçtikten sonra piezoelektrik yük sabiti (d33) değerleri ölçülmüştür. Kutuplama sonrası piezoelektrik ve dielektrik özelliklerin kararlılığını belirlemek için 1-105 s aralığında periyodik εr , tanδ ve d33 ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Ölçümler incelenen malzemelerin yaşlanma davranışlarını ortaya koyması ve elektronik cihazlarda kullanımı bakımından önemlidir. KNN-LS ve Cu katkılı KNN-LS seramiklerde BNKLT esaslı seramiklere kıyasla daha üstün piezoelektrik özellikler elde edilmiştir. Yoğunluk değerlerinde bir artış sağlanmamış olmasına rağmen, %1 Cu katkılı KNN-LS seramiklerde dielektrik ve piezoelektrik sabiti değerlerinde önemli artışlar görülmüştür. Aynı zamanda yaşlanmanın da KNN esaslı seramiklerde çok daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Aksel, E. and Jones, J.L., 2010.Advances in Lead-Free Piezoelectric Materials for Sensors and Actuators. Sensors,10, 1935-1954.
  • Andersen, B., 1996. Properties and Performance of Multilayer Actuators for Dynamic Applications. Proceedings of 5th International Conference on New Actuators in June 26-28, 1996, Bremen, Germany Editor: Hubert Borgman, Published by AXON Technologie and Consult GmbH, n.24, 177.
  • Guo, Y.P., Kakimoto, K., and Ohsato, H., 2004. Phase transitional behavior and piezoelectric properties of (Na0.5K Letters, 85, 4121-4123.
  • Eichel, R-A., Erünal, E., Drahus, M.D., Smyth, D.M., van Tol, J., Acker, J., Kungl H., and Hoffmann, M.J., 2009. Local variations in defect polarization and covalent bonding in ferroelectric Cu2+-doped PZT and KNN functional ceramics at the morphotropic phase boundary. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 11(39), 8698–8705.
  • Hollenstein, E., Davis, M., Damjanovic, D., and Setter, N., 2005. Piezoelectric properties of Li- and Ta-modified (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 ceramics. Applied Physics Letters, 87, 182905.
  • Jaffe, B., Cook W.R., Jaffe, H., 1971. Piezoelectric Ceramics. Academic Press, New York
  • Kholkin, A.L., Taylor, D.V., and Setter, N., 1998. Poling effect on the piezoelectric properties of lead zirconate titanate thin films. Proceedings of the Eleventh IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics, ISAF 98., 69-72.
  • Li, J.F., Wang, K., Zhang, B.P., and Zhang, L.M., 2006. Ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of fine- grained Na0.5K0.5NbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics prepared by spark plasma sintering. Journal of American Ceramic Society, 89, 706-709.
  • Li, E.,Kakemoto, H., Wada, S., and Tsurumi, T., 2007. Influence of CuO on the structure and piezoelectric properties of the alkaline niobate-based lead-free ceramics. Journal of American Ceramic Society, 90(6), 1787–1791.
  • Lin, D.M., Xiao, D.Q., Zhu, J.G., and Yu, P. 2006. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of [Bi0.5(Na1-x-yKxLiy)0.5]TiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. Applied Physics Letters, 88, 062901.
  • Lin, D., Kwok, K. W., and Chan, H. L. W., 2008. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of Cu- doped K0.5Na0.5NbO3 lead-free ceramics. Journal of Physics D Applied Physics, 41(4), 045401.
  • Saito, Y., and Takao, H., 2006. High Performance Lead- free Piezoelectric Ceramics in the (K,Na)NbO3- LiTaO3 Solid Solution System. Ferroelectrics, 338(1) 17-32.
  • Tressler, J. F., Alkoy S., and Newnham R. E., 1998. Piezoelectric sensors and sensor materials. Journal of Electroceramics, 2(4), 257-272.
  • Uchino, K., 2009. Ferroelectric Devices. 2nd edn., CRC Press, New York.
  • Xiao, D.Q., Lin, D.M., Zhu, J.G., and Yu, P., 2008. Studies on new systems of BNT-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. Journal of Electroceramics, 2008, 21, 34- 38.
  • Zang, G.Z., Wang, J.F., Chen, H C., Su, W.B., Wang, C.M., Qi, P., Ming, B.Q., Du, J., and Zheng, L.M., 2006. Perovskite (Na0.5K0.5)1-x(LiSb)xNb1-xO3 lead-free piezoceramics. Applied Physics Letters, 88, 212908.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Birkız Dilek Kargı This is me

Serhat Tıkız This is me

Metin Özgül This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2014
Submission Date August 8, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 14 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kargı, B. D., Tıkız, S., & Özgül, M. (2014). Kurşunsuz Piozeelektrik Seramiklerde Elektriksel Yaşlanma. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(3), 541-548.
AMA Kargı BD, Tıkız S, Özgül M. Kurşunsuz Piozeelektrik Seramiklerde Elektriksel Yaşlanma. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. December 2014;14(3):541-548.
Chicago Kargı, Birkız Dilek, Serhat Tıkız, and Metin Özgül. “Kurşunsuz Piozeelektrik Seramiklerde Elektriksel Yaşlanma”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 14, no. 3 (December 2014): 541-48.
EndNote Kargı BD, Tıkız S, Özgül M (December 1, 2014) Kurşunsuz Piozeelektrik Seramiklerde Elektriksel Yaşlanma. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 14 3 541–548.
IEEE B. D. Kargı, S. Tıkız, and M. Özgül, “Kurşunsuz Piozeelektrik Seramiklerde Elektriksel Yaşlanma”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 541–548, 2014.
ISNAD Kargı, Birkız Dilek et al. “Kurşunsuz Piozeelektrik Seramiklerde Elektriksel Yaşlanma”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 14/3 (December 2014), 541-548.
JAMA Kargı BD, Tıkız S, Özgül M. Kurşunsuz Piozeelektrik Seramiklerde Elektriksel Yaşlanma. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2014;14:541–548.
MLA Kargı, Birkız Dilek et al. “Kurşunsuz Piozeelektrik Seramiklerde Elektriksel Yaşlanma”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 3, 2014, pp. 541-8.
Vancouver Kargı BD, Tıkız S, Özgül M. Kurşunsuz Piozeelektrik Seramiklerde Elektriksel Yaşlanma. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2014;14(3):541-8.