Generation of PM10 Map with Sentinel-2 Satellite Images: The Case of Çankırı Province

Year 2024, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 350 - 359, 29.04.2024

Osman Karakoç , Semih Ekercin

https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1372761

Abstract

Air pollution, which is characterized as a global environmental problem, negatively affects life in Turkey as a result of the increase in the amount of energy needed and uncontrolled construction. In order to minimize the health impacts of air pollution, air quality should be monitored regularly and necessary steps should be taken to improve it. With the innovations in satellite technologies, the air quality of large areas can be monitored with the help of satellite images and effective solutions can be produced in many areas such as the detection of air pollutant parameters and the creation of thematic maps. The main objective of the research is to investigate the relationship between in-situ measured PM10 parameters and Sentinel-2 satellite data and to map PM10 based on this relationship. In this context, PM10 parameters measured in the field on two different dates and Sentinel-2 satellite images dated 22.11.2021 and 16.04.2022 were used as data sources. The relationship between the data used was established by multiple regression analysis. The coefficients obtained from the analysis results were applied to the relevant bands and thematic maps were created using satellite images. The correlation coefficients of 0.80 and 0.79 calculated by regression analyses indicate that sufficient accuracy was achieved in the research. The results of the study show that satellite imagery provides accurate data for PM10 estimate and that pollution exceeds World Health Organization limits in the road transportation network and industrial areas.

Keywords

Remote Sensing, Air Pollution, Regression Analysis, PM10, Sentinel-2

Sentinel-2 Uydu Görüntüleri ile PM10 Haritasının Üretilmesi: Çankırı İli Örneği

Abstract

Küresel boyutta çevresel bir problem olarak nitelendirilen hava kirliliği dünya ülkelerine benzer şekilde Türkiye’de de gereksinim duyulan enerji miktarındaki artışın ve kontrolsüz yapılaşmanın bir sonucu olarak yaşamı negatif yönde etkilemektedir. Hava kirliliğine bağlı sağlık etkilerinin minimum düzeye indirilmesi için hava kalitesinin düzenli periyotlarla izlenmesi ve iyileştirilmesi yönünde ihtiyaç duyulan adımların atılması gerekmektedir. Uydu teknolojilerindeki yenilikler ile birlikte büyük alanların hava kalitesi uydu görüntüleri yardımıyla izlenebilmekte ve hava kirletici parametrelerin saptanması, tematik haritaların oluşturulması gibi birçok alanda etkili çözümler üretilebilmektedir. Araştırmanın temel amacı yerinde ölçülen PM10 parametreleri ile Sentinel-2 uydu verileri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak ve bu ilişkiye dayanarak PM10’ u haritalandırmaktır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada farklı iki tarihte arazide ölçülen PM10 parametreleri ile Sentinel-2 uydusuna ait 22.11.2021 ve 16.04.2022 tarihli görüntüler veri kaynakları olarak kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan veriler arasındaki ilişki çoklu regresyon analizi ile kurulmuştur. Analiz sonuçlarından temin edilen katsayılar ilgili bantlara uygulanmış ve uydu görüntüleri kullanılarak tematik haritalar oluşturulmuştur. Regresyon analizleri ile hesaplanan 0,80 ve 0,79 korelasyon katsayıları araştırmada yeterli doğruluğa ulaşıldığını işaret etmektedir. Çalışma sonuçları PM10 tahmininde uydu görüntülerinin doğru veriler sunduğunu ve kirliliğin karayolu ulaşım ağı ile endüstriyel bölgelerde Dünya Sağlık Örgütü limitlerini aştığını göstermektedir.

Keywords

Uzaktan Algılama, Hava Kirliliği, Regresyon Analizi, PM10, Sentinel-2

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