Research Article

Automatism as a Means of Expression in Creativity: An Experimental Practice for Art Education Students

Volume: 19 Number: 3 July 27, 2026
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Automatism as a Means of Expression in Creativity: An Experimental Practice for Art Education Students

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of automatism on the artistic creativity of art education students. The study employed a mixed-methods research approach. The participants were third-year students enrolled in the main art studio painting group in art education programs at two public universities in the Northeastern and Central Anatolia regions of Türkiye. At the quantitative stage, differences in students' cognitive levels regarding automatism and the automatist drawing (pre-test), automatist drawing (post-test 1), and music-accompanied automatist drawing (post-test 2) were examined through the development of an educational program. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain students' experiences regarding the intervention process before and after the intervention. Data were obtained using a holistic rating scale, a rating scale, and a semi-structured interview form. Quantitative data were analyzed using a one-way repeated-measures MANOVA, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Quantitative analyses have shown that students' cognitive levels and creativity changed significantly and positively after the intervention. Qualitative data showed that students gained theoretical knowledge and practical techniques related to automatism after the intervention and applied them in practice, resulting in positive well-being during the creativity phase. In addition, the pedagogical training produced significant differences in students’ use of color, texture, technique, and automatist expression.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Gazi university's ethics committee. (Ethics Code: E-77082166-302.08.01-332353) on 9 April 2022. Following the ethics committee's approval, a letter was submitted to the faculty administration to obtain research permission. Subsequently, interviews were conducted with the students who would participate in the experimental process. Participant consent was obtained during the study process. Any information that could reveal the participants' identities was kept confidential. The process was completed by assigning codes to the studies and names.

References

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  4. Alencar, E. M. L. S., Fleith, S. D., & Pereira, N. (2017). Creativity in higher education: Challenges and facilitating factors. Temas em Psicologia, 25(2), 553–561. https://doi.org/10.9788/TP2017.2-09
  5. Ames, R. T. (2022). Creating the moments of art in life. Beijing International Review of Education, 4(3), 335–338. https://doi.org/10.1163/25902539-04030003
  6. Arlene, A. (2014). The Role of music in children’s artworks. [Unpublished master thesis]. Boston University College of Fine Arts.
  7. Barron, F. (1955). The disposition toward originality. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51(3), 478–485. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0048073
  8. Baudin, M. T. (2015). The ‘continuing misfortune’ of automatism in early surrealism. Communcation +1, 4, 1-42.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Social and Humanities Education (Excluding Economics, Business and Management), Other Fields of Education (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

July 27, 2026

Submission Date

January 8, 2026

Acceptance Date

May 22, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 19 Number: 3

APA
Çay, R., & Yılmaz, M. (2026). Automatism as a Means of Expression in Creativity: An Experimental Practice for Art Education Students. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences, 19(3), 595-623. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1859184
AMA
1.Çay R, Yılmaz M. Automatism as a Means of Expression in Creativity: An Experimental Practice for Art Education Students. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences. 2026;19(3):595-623. doi:10.30831/akukeg.1859184
Chicago
Çay, Ruhi, and Meliha Yılmaz. 2026. “Automatism As a Means of Expression in Creativity: An Experimental Practice for Art Education Students”. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences 19 (3): 595-623. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1859184.
EndNote
Çay R, Yılmaz M (July 1, 2026) Automatism as a Means of Expression in Creativity: An Experimental Practice for Art Education Students. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences 19 3 595–623.
IEEE
[1]R. Çay and M. Yılmaz, “Automatism as a Means of Expression in Creativity: An Experimental Practice for Art Education Students”, Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 595–623, July 2026, doi: 10.30831/akukeg.1859184.
ISNAD
Çay, Ruhi - Yılmaz, Meliha. “Automatism As a Means of Expression in Creativity: An Experimental Practice for Art Education Students”. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences 19/3 (July 1, 2026): 595-623. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1859184.
JAMA
1.Çay R, Yılmaz M. Automatism as a Means of Expression in Creativity: An Experimental Practice for Art Education Students. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences. 2026;19:595–623.
MLA
Çay, Ruhi, and Meliha Yılmaz. “Automatism As a Means of Expression in Creativity: An Experimental Practice for Art Education Students”. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences, vol. 19, no. 3, July 2026, pp. 595-23, doi:10.30831/akukeg.1859184.
Vancouver
1.Ruhi Çay, Meliha Yılmaz. Automatism as a Means of Expression in Creativity: An Experimental Practice for Art Education Students. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences. 2026 Jul. 1;19(3):595-623. doi:10.30831/akukeg.1859184