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Anne Babaların Çocukların Olumlu Duygularına Yönelik Tepkileri Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 1306 - 1323, 03.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.480171

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı
anne babaların çocukların olumlu duygularına yönelik tepkileri ölçeğinin
(ABÇODT) psikometrik özelliklerinin Türk anne babaları için incelenmesidir.
Araştırmaya Aksaray il merkezinden 4-12 yaşları arasında çocuğu olan 295 anne
ve 295 baba katılmıştır.  Doğrulayıcı
faktör analizi sonucu ölçeğin dört faktörlü yapısının (sosyalleştirme,
cesaretlendirme, rahatsız hissetme, uyarma) olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
ABÇODT’nın güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu iç tutarlılık katsayıları, test-tekrar
test değerlerinden elde edilen sonuçlar da ortaya koymuştur. ABÇODT anne
babaların çocukların olumlu duygularına nasıl tepki verdiklerini değerlendirmek
için kullanılabileceği gibi gelişimsel ve aile çalışmalarını ele alan
araştırmalarda da kullanılabilir. Anne babaların çocukların olumlu duygularına
verdikleri tepkilerin okul ve sınıf ortamına yansımalarını da incelemek isteyen
eğitim araştırmalarında da ölçeğin kullanılması önerilmiştir.

References

  • Altan, Ö. (2006). The effects of maternal socialization and temperament on children’s (Unpublished master’s thesis). Koç University, İstanbul.
  • Burns, N., & Grove, S. K. (1993). The practice of nursing research: Conduct, critique & utilization (2nd ed.). Elsevier Science Health Science.
  • Çokluk, Ö. S., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, S. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: Spss ve lisrel uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Chapman, M., Zahn-Waxler, C., Cooperman, G., & Iannotti, R. (1987). Empathy and responsibility in the motivation of children's helping. Developmental Psychology, 23(1), 140-145.
  • Darling, N., & Steinberg, L. (1993). Parenting style as context: An integrative model. Psychological Bulletin, 113(3), 487-496.
  • Denham, S. A. (1998). Emotional development in young children. The Guilford Series on Social and Emotional Development. New York: Guilford.
  • Denham, S. A., Bassett, H. H., & Wyatt, T. (2007). The socialization of emotional competence. In J. E. Grusec,, &, P. D. Hastings (Eds.), Handbook of socialization: theory and research (pp. 614-637). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Denham, S. A., & Grout, L. (1992). Mothers’ emotional expressiveness and coping: relations with preschoolers’ social-emotional competence. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 118(1), 73–101.
  • Denham, S. A., & Kochanoff, A. T. (2002). Parental contributions to preschoolers’ understanding of emotion. Marriage and Family Review, 34(3-4), 311-343.
  • Denham, S. A., Renwick-DeBardi, S., & Hewes, S. (1994). Emotional communication between mothers and preschoolers: Relations with emotional competence. Merrill Palmer Quarterly, 40(4), 488-508.
  • Denham, S. A., Mitchell-Copeland, J., Strandberg, K., Auerbach, K. S., & Blair, K. (1997). Parental contributions to preschoolers’ emotional competence: Direct and indirect effects. Motivation and Emotion, 21(1), 65-86.
  • Diener, E., & Larsen, R. J. (1993). The subjective experience of emotional well-being. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 405–415). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Dunn, J., & Brown, J. (1994). Affect expression in the family, children’s understanding of emotions, and their interactions with others. Merrill-Palmer Quartely, 40(1), 120-137.
  • Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., & Murphy, B. C. (1996). Parent’s reactions to children’s negative emotions: Relations to children’s social competence and comforting behavior. Child Development, 67(5), 2227-2247.
  • Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L., & Cumberland, A. (1998). The socialization of emotion: Reply to commentaries. Psychological Inquiry, 9(4), 317-333.
  • Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., Karbon, M., Murphy, B. C., Wosinski, M., Polazzi, L., Carlo, G., & Juhnke, C. (1996). The relations of children’s dispositional prosocial behavior to emotionality, regulation, and social functioning. Child Development, 67(3), 974–992.
  • Eisenberg, N., Gershoff, E. T., Fabes R. A., Shepard S. A., Cumberland A. J., & Losoya S. H., et al. (2001). Mother’s emotional expressivity and children’s behavior problems and social competence: mediation through children’s regulation. Developmental Psychology, 37(4), 475–490.
  • Ekman, P. (2003). Emotions revealed: Recognizing faces and feelings to improve communication and life. New York: St. Martin's Press.
  • Ersay, E. (2014). Parental socialization of emotion: How mothers respond to their children's emotions in Turkey. International Journal of Emotional Education, 6(1), 33-46.
  • Fabes, R. A., Poulin, R., Eisenberg, N., & Madden-Derdich, D. A. (2002). The coping with children’s negative emotions Scale (CCNES): Psychometric Properties and Relations with Children’s emotional competence. Marriage and Family Review, 34(3-4), 285-310.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (1998). What good are positive emotions? Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 300–319.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2000). Cultivating Positive Emotions to Optimize Health and Well-Being. Prevention & Treatment. Retrieved January 22, 2018 from https://www.wisebrain.org/papers/CultPosEmot.pdf
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218-226.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2004). The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 29; 359(1449), 1367–1378.
  • Fredrickson, B. L., & Levenson, R. W. (1998). Positive emotions speed recovery from the cardiovascular sequelae of negative emotions. Cognition & Emotion, 12(2), 191-220.
  • Fredrickson, B. L., & Joiner, T. E. (2002). Positive emotions trigger upward spirals toward emotional well-being. Psychological Science, 13(2), 172–175.
  • Fredrickson, B. L., Mancuso, R. A, Branigan, C., & Tugade, M. (2000). The undoing effect of positive emotions. Motivation and Emotion, 24(4), 237–258.
  • Garner, P. W., Jones, D. C., & Miner, J. L. (1994). Social competence among low-income preschoolers: emotion socialization practices and social cognitive correlates. Child Development, 65(2), 662-637.
  • Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1996). Parental meta-emotion philosophy and the emotional life of families: Theoretical models and preliminary data. Journal of Family Psychology, 10(3), 243-268.
  • Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1997). Meta-emotion: How families communicate emotionally. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Halberstadt, A. G. (1991). Socialization of expressiveness: Family influences in particular and a model in general. In R. S. Feldman & S. Rime (Eds.), Fundamentals of emotional expressiveness (pp. 106-162). Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University.
  • Halberstadt, A. G., & Eaton, K. L. (2002). A meta-analysis of family expressiveness and children's emotion expressiveness and understanding, Marriage & Family Review, 34(1-2), 35-62.
  • Hart, C. H., Nelson, D. A., Robinson, C. C., Olsen. F., & Mc-Choque, M. K. (1998). Overt and relational aggression in Russian nursery-school age children: Parenting style and marital linkages. Developmental Psychology, 34(4), 687-697.
  • Isen, A. M. (2000). Positive affect and decision making. In M. Lewis, & J. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 417-435) (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Kılıç, Ş., & Kumandaş-Öztürk, H. (2017). Anne babaların çocukların duyguları hakkındaki inanışları ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 18(2), 169-178.
  • Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford.
  • Ladouceur, C., Reid, L., & Jacques, A. (2002). Construction et validation du Questionnaire sur les réactions parentales aux émotions positives exprimées par l'enfant [Construction and validation of the Questionnaire on Parental Reactions to Children's Expression of Positive Emotions]. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 34(1), 8-18.
  • Lee, S. M., Daniels M. H., & Kissinger, D. B. (2006). Parental influences on adolescent adjustment: Parenting styles versus parenting practices. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy For Couples and Families, 14(3), 253-259.
  • Lunkenheimer, E. S., Shileds, A. M., & Cortina, K. S. (2007). Parental emotion coaching and dismissing in family interaction. In M. Lewis & J. Haviland (Eds.), The handbook of emotions (pp. 563-573). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Masten, A. S., & Shaffer, A. (2006). How families matter in child development: reflections from research on risk and resilience. In Clarke-Stewart A, Dunn J (Eds.), Families count: Effects on child and adolescent development (pp. 5–25). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Mcdowell, D., & Parke, R. D. (2005). Parental control and affect as predictors of children's display rule use and social competence with peers. Social Development, 14(3), 440-457.
  • Morris, A., Silk, S. J., Steinberg, L., Robinson, L., Myers, S. S., & Robinson, L. R. (2007). The role of the family context in the development of emotion regulation. Social Development, 16(2), 361-388.
  • Murphy, B. C., Shepard, S. A., Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., & Guthrie, I. K. (1999). Contemporaneous and longitudinal relations of dispositional sympathy to emotionality, regulation, and social functioning. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 19(1), 66-97.
  • Saarni, C. (1993). Socialization of emotion. In Lewis M., & Haviland, J. M (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 435–446). New York, NY US: Guilford Press.
  • Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14.
  • Thompson, R. A., & Meyer, S. (2007). The socialization of emotion regulation in the family. In J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 249-268). Nueva York: The Guilford Press.
  • Tugade, M. M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2002). Positive emotions and emotional intelligence. In Barrett L. Feldman & P. Salovey (Eds.), The wisdom of feelings (pp. 319–340). New York: Guilford.

Turkish Adaptation of Parental Reactions to Children’s Positive Emotions Scale: A Validity and Reliability Study

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 1306 - 1323, 03.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.480171

Abstract

aim of the study,
which investigates psychometric characteristics of parental reactions to
children’s positive emotions scale (PRCPS) for Turkish parents. The study
included 295 mothers and 295 fathers who have children aged 4-12 from Aksaray
city center. ABÇODT is a 7-point Likert-type scale consisting of 12 scenarios.
The translation and back translation process was conducted for the Turkish
adaptation of the scale. Expert opinions were obtained for scope, semantic and
conceptual equivalence. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to assess
the reliability of the scale and to examine the construct validity Results of CFA
clarified that the scale has a four factor structure (socialization,
encouragement, discomfort, reprimand) Inner consistency coefficients and
test-retest values proved that PRCPS is a reliable measurement tool. The scale
can be used both in evaluating how parents react to their children’s positive
emotions and in research dealing with developmental and family studies. It has
also been proposed to use the scale in educational research to examine the
reflection of parents' reactions to positive emotions of children in the school
and classroom environment. 

References

  • Altan, Ö. (2006). The effects of maternal socialization and temperament on children’s (Unpublished master’s thesis). Koç University, İstanbul.
  • Burns, N., & Grove, S. K. (1993). The practice of nursing research: Conduct, critique & utilization (2nd ed.). Elsevier Science Health Science.
  • Çokluk, Ö. S., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, S. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: Spss ve lisrel uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Chapman, M., Zahn-Waxler, C., Cooperman, G., & Iannotti, R. (1987). Empathy and responsibility in the motivation of children's helping. Developmental Psychology, 23(1), 140-145.
  • Darling, N., & Steinberg, L. (1993). Parenting style as context: An integrative model. Psychological Bulletin, 113(3), 487-496.
  • Denham, S. A. (1998). Emotional development in young children. The Guilford Series on Social and Emotional Development. New York: Guilford.
  • Denham, S. A., Bassett, H. H., & Wyatt, T. (2007). The socialization of emotional competence. In J. E. Grusec,, &, P. D. Hastings (Eds.), Handbook of socialization: theory and research (pp. 614-637). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Denham, S. A., & Grout, L. (1992). Mothers’ emotional expressiveness and coping: relations with preschoolers’ social-emotional competence. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 118(1), 73–101.
  • Denham, S. A., & Kochanoff, A. T. (2002). Parental contributions to preschoolers’ understanding of emotion. Marriage and Family Review, 34(3-4), 311-343.
  • Denham, S. A., Renwick-DeBardi, S., & Hewes, S. (1994). Emotional communication between mothers and preschoolers: Relations with emotional competence. Merrill Palmer Quarterly, 40(4), 488-508.
  • Denham, S. A., Mitchell-Copeland, J., Strandberg, K., Auerbach, K. S., & Blair, K. (1997). Parental contributions to preschoolers’ emotional competence: Direct and indirect effects. Motivation and Emotion, 21(1), 65-86.
  • Diener, E., & Larsen, R. J. (1993). The subjective experience of emotional well-being. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 405–415). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Dunn, J., & Brown, J. (1994). Affect expression in the family, children’s understanding of emotions, and their interactions with others. Merrill-Palmer Quartely, 40(1), 120-137.
  • Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., & Murphy, B. C. (1996). Parent’s reactions to children’s negative emotions: Relations to children’s social competence and comforting behavior. Child Development, 67(5), 2227-2247.
  • Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L., & Cumberland, A. (1998). The socialization of emotion: Reply to commentaries. Psychological Inquiry, 9(4), 317-333.
  • Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., Karbon, M., Murphy, B. C., Wosinski, M., Polazzi, L., Carlo, G., & Juhnke, C. (1996). The relations of children’s dispositional prosocial behavior to emotionality, regulation, and social functioning. Child Development, 67(3), 974–992.
  • Eisenberg, N., Gershoff, E. T., Fabes R. A., Shepard S. A., Cumberland A. J., & Losoya S. H., et al. (2001). Mother’s emotional expressivity and children’s behavior problems and social competence: mediation through children’s regulation. Developmental Psychology, 37(4), 475–490.
  • Ekman, P. (2003). Emotions revealed: Recognizing faces and feelings to improve communication and life. New York: St. Martin's Press.
  • Ersay, E. (2014). Parental socialization of emotion: How mothers respond to their children's emotions in Turkey. International Journal of Emotional Education, 6(1), 33-46.
  • Fabes, R. A., Poulin, R., Eisenberg, N., & Madden-Derdich, D. A. (2002). The coping with children’s negative emotions Scale (CCNES): Psychometric Properties and Relations with Children’s emotional competence. Marriage and Family Review, 34(3-4), 285-310.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (1998). What good are positive emotions? Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 300–319.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2000). Cultivating Positive Emotions to Optimize Health and Well-Being. Prevention & Treatment. Retrieved January 22, 2018 from https://www.wisebrain.org/papers/CultPosEmot.pdf
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218-226.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2004). The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 29; 359(1449), 1367–1378.
  • Fredrickson, B. L., & Levenson, R. W. (1998). Positive emotions speed recovery from the cardiovascular sequelae of negative emotions. Cognition & Emotion, 12(2), 191-220.
  • Fredrickson, B. L., & Joiner, T. E. (2002). Positive emotions trigger upward spirals toward emotional well-being. Psychological Science, 13(2), 172–175.
  • Fredrickson, B. L., Mancuso, R. A, Branigan, C., & Tugade, M. (2000). The undoing effect of positive emotions. Motivation and Emotion, 24(4), 237–258.
  • Garner, P. W., Jones, D. C., & Miner, J. L. (1994). Social competence among low-income preschoolers: emotion socialization practices and social cognitive correlates. Child Development, 65(2), 662-637.
  • Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1996). Parental meta-emotion philosophy and the emotional life of families: Theoretical models and preliminary data. Journal of Family Psychology, 10(3), 243-268.
  • Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1997). Meta-emotion: How families communicate emotionally. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Halberstadt, A. G. (1991). Socialization of expressiveness: Family influences in particular and a model in general. In R. S. Feldman & S. Rime (Eds.), Fundamentals of emotional expressiveness (pp. 106-162). Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University.
  • Halberstadt, A. G., & Eaton, K. L. (2002). A meta-analysis of family expressiveness and children's emotion expressiveness and understanding, Marriage & Family Review, 34(1-2), 35-62.
  • Hart, C. H., Nelson, D. A., Robinson, C. C., Olsen. F., & Mc-Choque, M. K. (1998). Overt and relational aggression in Russian nursery-school age children: Parenting style and marital linkages. Developmental Psychology, 34(4), 687-697.
  • Isen, A. M. (2000). Positive affect and decision making. In M. Lewis, & J. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 417-435) (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Kılıç, Ş., & Kumandaş-Öztürk, H. (2017). Anne babaların çocukların duyguları hakkındaki inanışları ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 18(2), 169-178.
  • Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford.
  • Ladouceur, C., Reid, L., & Jacques, A. (2002). Construction et validation du Questionnaire sur les réactions parentales aux émotions positives exprimées par l'enfant [Construction and validation of the Questionnaire on Parental Reactions to Children's Expression of Positive Emotions]. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 34(1), 8-18.
  • Lee, S. M., Daniels M. H., & Kissinger, D. B. (2006). Parental influences on adolescent adjustment: Parenting styles versus parenting practices. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy For Couples and Families, 14(3), 253-259.
  • Lunkenheimer, E. S., Shileds, A. M., & Cortina, K. S. (2007). Parental emotion coaching and dismissing in family interaction. In M. Lewis & J. Haviland (Eds.), The handbook of emotions (pp. 563-573). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Masten, A. S., & Shaffer, A. (2006). How families matter in child development: reflections from research on risk and resilience. In Clarke-Stewart A, Dunn J (Eds.), Families count: Effects on child and adolescent development (pp. 5–25). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Mcdowell, D., & Parke, R. D. (2005). Parental control and affect as predictors of children's display rule use and social competence with peers. Social Development, 14(3), 440-457.
  • Morris, A., Silk, S. J., Steinberg, L., Robinson, L., Myers, S. S., & Robinson, L. R. (2007). The role of the family context in the development of emotion regulation. Social Development, 16(2), 361-388.
  • Murphy, B. C., Shepard, S. A., Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., & Guthrie, I. K. (1999). Contemporaneous and longitudinal relations of dispositional sympathy to emotionality, regulation, and social functioning. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 19(1), 66-97.
  • Saarni, C. (1993). Socialization of emotion. In Lewis M., & Haviland, J. M (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 435–446). New York, NY US: Guilford Press.
  • Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14.
  • Thompson, R. A., & Meyer, S. (2007). The socialization of emotion regulation in the family. In J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 249-268). Nueva York: The Guilford Press.
  • Tugade, M. M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2002). Positive emotions and emotional intelligence. In Barrett L. Feldman & P. Salovey (Eds.), The wisdom of feelings (pp. 319–340). New York: Guilford.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Şükran Kılıç 0000-0001-7411-1852

Hatice Kumandaş-öztürk This is me 0000-0003-3636-3690

Publication Date October 3, 2019
Submission Date November 7, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 12 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Kılıç, Ş., & Kumandaş-öztürk, H. (2019). Turkish Adaptation of Parental Reactions to Children’s Positive Emotions Scale: A Validity and Reliability Study. Journal of Theoretical Educational Science, 12(4), 1306-1323. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.480171