The USA Factor in the Sino-Soviet Dispute

Year 2020, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 233 - 243, 22.03.2020

Umut Bekcan

https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.518339

Abstract

The Sino-Soviet dispute was officially cemented in the early 1960s. Certainly, this situation harmed the power, unity and prestige of the socialist bloc. In this process, the United States (USA) established diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China (PRC/China). China also responded positively to this rapprochement to balance the “Soviet threat.” In this study; it was aimed to reveal that the US tried to gain advantage over the USSR in the Cold War by taking advantage of the disruption of the Soviet Union (USSR)-China relations and that China normalized its relations with the US as a result of the threat perception by the USSR. The subject is examined by using official, primary and secondary sources in Russian and English. In the second half of the 1980s the tension of the Cold War relaxed. The US benefited from this process and rivaled the ideological opponent the USSR. Soviet-Chinese relations improved but the Cold War was over and the USSR was in the dissolution process. Now the US was the only leader of the new international system.

Keywords

Soviet Union, China, The United States, cold war, foreign policy

Sovyet-Çin Uyuşmazlığında ABD Faktörü

Abstract

Sovyet-Çin Uyuşmazlığı 1960’ların başında kesinleşti. Kuşkusuz bu durum sosyalist blokun gücüne, birliğine ve prestijine büyük zarar verdi. Bu süreçte Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti (ÇHC/Çin) ile diplomatik ilişkiler kurdu. Çin de bu yakınlaşmaya “Sovyet tehdidini” dengelemek için olumlu cevap verdi. Bu çalışmada; ABD’nin Sovyetler Birliği (SSCB)-Çin ilişkilerinin bozuk olmasından faydalanarak Soğuk Savaş’ta SSCB’ye karşı avantaj sağlamaya çalıştığını, Çin’in ise SSCB’den tehdit algılaması sonucu ABD’yle ilişkilerini normalleştirdiğini ortaya koymak amaçlandı. Konu, Rusça ve İngilizce resmi, birincil ve ikincil kaynaklar kullanılarak incelendi. 1980’lerin ikinci yarısında Soğuk Savaş’ın gerilimi düştü. Bu süreçten kazançlı çıkan devlet ise ABD oldu. İdeolojik olarak rakibi SSCB’ye üstünlük sağladı. Sovyet-Çin ilişkileri düzeldi ama Soğuk Savaş sona ermiş, SSCB çözülüş sürecine girmişti. Artık ABD yeni uluslararası sistemin tek lideriydi.

Keywords

Sovyetler Birliği, Çin, ABD, soğuk savaş, dış politika

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