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Suddenness in Hard Work Ethic: “A Fable”, Robert Fox’s Short Short Story

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 827 - 836, 26.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.1088617

Abstract

This article highlights that individuals make sudden decisions in their rushing world that has hard work ethic in itself. Fables have moral lessons as in Robert Fox’s “A Fable” short short story. This article concerns the tendency of hard work ethic to earn money by conforming to the rat-race of living. It analyzes a short short story in which the American Dream is hidden in this rushing world. The reality of the pursuit of American Dream of success is quite different. It does not bring success for everyone all the time. “A Fable” is quite extraordinary: Having the setting of the subway, it depicts the hastiness of working life in which individuals become like a machine to work hard. As they intend to earn their living by working hard, they ultimately aspire to become a wealthy individual. Although this short short story is quite short it has a semantic depth in which there are implicit meanings in the written text. Flowing life on the subway has optimistic outlook. Similar to the other individuals in Manhattan, these individuals pursue the wish of actualizing the myth of the American Dream to have success and become wealthy through their hard work. However, they ultimately notice that they actualize most of the things opposite to the American Dream of success in their lives.

Thanks

This article is an extended version of a paper presented at the 14th International IDEA Conference: Studies in English held at Karadeniz Technical University in 2021.

References

  • Adams, J. T. (2017). The Epic of America. (1931). New York: Routledge.
  • Ashley, D. and D. M. Orenstein. (1988). Sociological Theory: Classical Statements. Boston: Aliyn and Bacon.
  • Asimov, L. (1992). 100 Great Science Fiction Short-Short Stories. New York: New American Library.
  • Baxter, C. (1997). Anlık Kurmaca. Trans. Taner Karakoç. Adam Öykü. 12, September-October: 85-90.
  • Carnegie, A. (1952). The Gospel of Wealth. (1889). The Gospel of Wealth and Other Timely Essays. (1900). Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press: 3-50.
  • Childs, P. and R. Fowler. (2005). Fable. The Routledge Dictionary of Literary Terms. Routledge. Retrieved February 06, 2022, from https://www.uv.es/fores/The_Routledge_Dictionary_of_Literary_Terms.pdf.
  • Cullen, J. (2003). The American Dream: A Short History of an Idea that Shaped a Nation. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.
  • Erden, A. (2002). Kısa Öykü ve Dilbilimsel Eleştiri. İstanbul: Gendaş Kültür Yayınları.
  • Fable. Encyclopedia of Britannica. Retrieved February 06, 2022 from https://www.britannica.com/art/fable.
  • Fox, R. (1986). A Fable. Sudden Fiction: American Short-Short Stories. Shapard Ed. Utah: Gibbs M. Smith, Inc. Pp. 35-38.
  • Işık, S. (2021). The Effects of Capitalist System on Individuals: The Fool. Dumlıpınar Univeristy Journal of Social Sciences. 71: 99-105. Retrieved February 03, 2022, from http://dergipark.gov.tr/dpusbe.
  • Koçsoy, G. (2018). Küçürek Öyküde Epipfan. Humanitas International Journal of Social Sciences. 6(11): 115-127. Retrieved 10 July, 2021 from http://humanitas.nku.edu.tr.
  • Koçsoy, G. (2021). Anomie in American Business System as an Aftermath of the American Dream: David Mamet’s “American Buffalo” and “Glengarry Glen Ross”. Motif Akademi Halkbilim Dergisi. 14 (35). 1129-1143. Retrieved February 06, 2022 from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mahder/issue/64867.
  • Korkmaz, R. and M. Deveci. (2011). Fabl ile Küçürek Öykü İlişkisi. Türk Edebiyatında Küçürek Öykü. Ankara: Grafiker Yayınları. 61-63.
  • Köseman, Z. (2020). The Metafictional Quality of Robert Coover’s ‘Sudden Story’. ISPEC 5th International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities Proceedings Book. Eds. Elif Hatun Onal and Kılıç Beyli. 219-222. Ankara: ISPEC Publication. Retrieved February 06, 2022, from www.ispeco.org
  • Lowell, J. R. (2008). Edgar Allan Poe (1845). Bloom’s Classic Critical Views: Edgar Allan Poe. Harold Bloom (Ed). New York: Inforbase Publishing. pp. 29-36.
  • Nelles, W. (2012). Microfiction: What Makes a Very Short Story Very Short? Narrative. The Ohio State University Press. (20):1. January: 87-104.
  • Norton, M. B. and et al. (1994). A People and a Nation: A History of the United States. New Jersey.
  • Özer, S. S. (2012). Kısa Öyküde Mitleştirme Dili. Dünyanın Öyküsü. İstanbul: Heyamola Yayınları. 106-112.
  • Özer, S. S. (2018). Çağdaş Kısa Öykü Sanatı ve Politikaları. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
  • Parkes, H. B. (1959). The American Experience. New York: Random House.
  • Pearson, R. L. (1970). Gatsby: False Prophet of the American Dream. The English Journal. Vol. 59 (5). Pp.: 638-642+645. Retrieved February 03, 2022, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/813939.
  • Schneiderman, H. (2017). Introduction. The Epic of America. (1931). New York: Routlege. Pp: 9-19.
  • Schudson, M. (2004). American Dreams. American Literary History. (16): 3. Oxford University Press. Retrieved February, 05, 2022 from https://www.jstor.org/stable/3568068.
  • Shapard, R. (1986). Introduction. Sudden Fiction: American Short Short Stories. Utah: Gibbs Smith.
  • Sinclair, U. (1959). The Jungle. London: Charles Birchal and Sons, Ltd.
  • Tosun, N. (2014). Modern Öykü Kuramı. 2. Edition. Ankara: Hece Yayınları.
  • Vanneman, R. (1987). The American Dream. The American Perception of Class. Philadephia: Temple University Press. Retrieved February, 01, 2022, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv941wv0.17.
  • Yılmaz, E. B. (2019). Edebiyat, Şehir, Hafıza: Türk Romanında Hafıza Mekânı olarak Şehir. İstanbul: Kesit Yayınları.

Çok Çalışma Etiğinde Anilik: Robert Fox’un “A Fable” Adlı Kısa Kısa Hikâyesi

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 827 - 836, 26.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.1088617

Abstract

Bu makale, Robert Fox’un “A Fable” (1986) adlı kısa kısa hikâyesinde olduğu gibi, koşuşturma yaşamı içerisinde yaşayan bireylerin hayatlarında hızlı çalışma düzeninde aniden verilen kararlarının var olduğunu belirtmektedir. Fablların (Hikâyelerin), Robert Fox'un kısa öyküsü “A Fable”da olduğu gibi aktarmak istedikleri ahlaki dersleri vardır. Bu makale, bir kısa kısa öyküyü analiz ederek yaşamın koşuşturma düzenine ayak uydurarak para kazanmayı çalışmanın temeli olarak ele alma eğilimiyle ilgilidir. Bu makale Amerikan Rüyası’nın günlük koşuşturma içinde gizlendiği bir kısa kısa öyküyü incelemektedir. Amerikan Rüyası'nın başarı arayışının gerçekliği oldukça farklıdır: “A Fable” oldukça alışılmadık bir kısa kısa hikâyedir: Hikâyenin geçtiği yer olan yeraltı treni, bireylerin iş hayatlarında çok çalışma yoluyla bir makine haline dönüşlerini anlatır. İnsanlar hayatta geçimlerini çok çalışma yolu ile kazanmayı amaçladıklarından, en sonunda varlıklı bireyler olmayı arzularlar. Bu kısa kısa öykü yeterince kısa olsa da anlam yönünden bir derinliğe sahiptir. İçerisinde ifade edilenden çok ifade edilmeyen şeyleri barındırır. Hızlı akıp giden zaman içerisinde, yeraltı treninde bulunan insanlar iyimser bir bakış açısına sahiptir. Tüm insanlar gibi bu insanlar da çalışma yolu ile başarılı ve zengin olmak için Amerikan Rüyası efsanesini hayatlarında gerçekleştirme arzusu peşine düşmektedirler. Fakat en sonunda hayatları içerisinde gerçekleşmesini umut ettikleri çoğu şeyin Amerikan Rüyası’nın tam tersi yönünde gerçekleştiğinin farkına varırlar.

Thanks

This article is an extended version of a paper presented at the 14th International IDEA Conference: Studies in English held at Karadeniz Technical University in 2021.

References

  • Adams, J. T. (2017). The Epic of America. (1931). New York: Routledge.
  • Ashley, D. and D. M. Orenstein. (1988). Sociological Theory: Classical Statements. Boston: Aliyn and Bacon.
  • Asimov, L. (1992). 100 Great Science Fiction Short-Short Stories. New York: New American Library.
  • Baxter, C. (1997). Anlık Kurmaca. Trans. Taner Karakoç. Adam Öykü. 12, September-October: 85-90.
  • Carnegie, A. (1952). The Gospel of Wealth. (1889). The Gospel of Wealth and Other Timely Essays. (1900). Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press: 3-50.
  • Childs, P. and R. Fowler. (2005). Fable. The Routledge Dictionary of Literary Terms. Routledge. Retrieved February 06, 2022, from https://www.uv.es/fores/The_Routledge_Dictionary_of_Literary_Terms.pdf.
  • Cullen, J. (2003). The American Dream: A Short History of an Idea that Shaped a Nation. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.
  • Erden, A. (2002). Kısa Öykü ve Dilbilimsel Eleştiri. İstanbul: Gendaş Kültür Yayınları.
  • Fable. Encyclopedia of Britannica. Retrieved February 06, 2022 from https://www.britannica.com/art/fable.
  • Fox, R. (1986). A Fable. Sudden Fiction: American Short-Short Stories. Shapard Ed. Utah: Gibbs M. Smith, Inc. Pp. 35-38.
  • Işık, S. (2021). The Effects of Capitalist System on Individuals: The Fool. Dumlıpınar Univeristy Journal of Social Sciences. 71: 99-105. Retrieved February 03, 2022, from http://dergipark.gov.tr/dpusbe.
  • Koçsoy, G. (2018). Küçürek Öyküde Epipfan. Humanitas International Journal of Social Sciences. 6(11): 115-127. Retrieved 10 July, 2021 from http://humanitas.nku.edu.tr.
  • Koçsoy, G. (2021). Anomie in American Business System as an Aftermath of the American Dream: David Mamet’s “American Buffalo” and “Glengarry Glen Ross”. Motif Akademi Halkbilim Dergisi. 14 (35). 1129-1143. Retrieved February 06, 2022 from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mahder/issue/64867.
  • Korkmaz, R. and M. Deveci. (2011). Fabl ile Küçürek Öykü İlişkisi. Türk Edebiyatında Küçürek Öykü. Ankara: Grafiker Yayınları. 61-63.
  • Köseman, Z. (2020). The Metafictional Quality of Robert Coover’s ‘Sudden Story’. ISPEC 5th International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities Proceedings Book. Eds. Elif Hatun Onal and Kılıç Beyli. 219-222. Ankara: ISPEC Publication. Retrieved February 06, 2022, from www.ispeco.org
  • Lowell, J. R. (2008). Edgar Allan Poe (1845). Bloom’s Classic Critical Views: Edgar Allan Poe. Harold Bloom (Ed). New York: Inforbase Publishing. pp. 29-36.
  • Nelles, W. (2012). Microfiction: What Makes a Very Short Story Very Short? Narrative. The Ohio State University Press. (20):1. January: 87-104.
  • Norton, M. B. and et al. (1994). A People and a Nation: A History of the United States. New Jersey.
  • Özer, S. S. (2012). Kısa Öyküde Mitleştirme Dili. Dünyanın Öyküsü. İstanbul: Heyamola Yayınları. 106-112.
  • Özer, S. S. (2018). Çağdaş Kısa Öykü Sanatı ve Politikaları. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
  • Parkes, H. B. (1959). The American Experience. New York: Random House.
  • Pearson, R. L. (1970). Gatsby: False Prophet of the American Dream. The English Journal. Vol. 59 (5). Pp.: 638-642+645. Retrieved February 03, 2022, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/813939.
  • Schneiderman, H. (2017). Introduction. The Epic of America. (1931). New York: Routlege. Pp: 9-19.
  • Schudson, M. (2004). American Dreams. American Literary History. (16): 3. Oxford University Press. Retrieved February, 05, 2022 from https://www.jstor.org/stable/3568068.
  • Shapard, R. (1986). Introduction. Sudden Fiction: American Short Short Stories. Utah: Gibbs Smith.
  • Sinclair, U. (1959). The Jungle. London: Charles Birchal and Sons, Ltd.
  • Tosun, N. (2014). Modern Öykü Kuramı. 2. Edition. Ankara: Hece Yayınları.
  • Vanneman, R. (1987). The American Dream. The American Perception of Class. Philadephia: Temple University Press. Retrieved February, 01, 2022, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv941wv0.17.
  • Yılmaz, E. B. (2019). Edebiyat, Şehir, Hafıza: Türk Romanında Hafıza Mekânı olarak Şehir. İstanbul: Kesit Yayınları.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Language Studies (Other)
Journal Section Language and Literature
Authors

Zennure Köseman 0000-0002-3420-9801

Publication Date September 26, 2023
Submission Date March 16, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 25 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Köseman, Z. (2023). Suddenness in Hard Work Ethic: “A Fable”, Robert Fox’s Short Short Story. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 25(3), 827-836. https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.1088617

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