ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS OF LIVELIHOOD OUTCOMES OF COFFEE PRODUCERS IN LALO ASSABI DISTRICT, ETHIOPIA: EDUCATION AND INCOME IN FOCUS
Abstract
Bu çalışma,
Etiyopya'nın Lalo Assabi ilçesinde kahve üreticilerinin yıllık toplam
gelirlerini ve refahın eğitim vekilliği üzerinde özellikle durarak geçim
kaynaklarının önemli belirleyicilerini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda,
141 kahve üreticisi uygun örnek büyüklüğü tayinine dayalı olarak görüşme için
sistematik örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiştir. Veri analizinde hem tanımlayıcı
hem de çıkarımsal istatistiksel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara
göre, çalışma alanındaki çiftçilerin okuma yazma oranı yüzde 78,40 ‘dır.
Örneklemdeki hanelerin yıllık toplam gelirinin yaklaşık% 70'i kahve pazarlaması
ve / veya üretime dayanmaktadır. Çoklu doğrusal regresyonların sonucu, hane
halkı başındaki cinsiyet, yaş ve eğitim yılı ile yıllık toplam gelirin karekökü
ve hazırlık okuluna olan uzaklığın çocukların okullulaşmasını önemli derecede
etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Benzer şekilde, çoklu doğrusal regresyon sonucu,
hanehalkı reislerinin yaşı, tropik hayvancılık tutumu, iyileştirilmiş kahve
tohumuna erişim, krediye erişim ve toplam arazi sahibi olma durumunun, kahve
üreticilerinin toplam yıllık gelirini istatistiksel olarak etlilediği
görülmüştür. Dolayısıyla kahve üreticilerinin toplam gelirlerinin
arttırılmasında bu değişkenlerin dikkate alınması gerekmektedir.
References
- ADEM KEDIR. (2005). Socioeconomic impact of export oriented agricultural production on farmers in Eastern Ethiopia. Retrieved on December 12, 2014.
- ADEM KEDIR GELATO, BEZABIH EMANA, WASSIE BIRHANU AND JEMMA HAJ. (2012). Education poverty among the rural households in Arsi zone, Oromiya, Ethiopia. School dropout and Literacy rate in focus. Universal Journal of Education and General Studies, ISSN-0984, 1(9): 7-8, available online at http://www.universalresearchjournals.org/ujegs. Accessed on April 27, 2014.
- AIKAELI, J. (2010). Determinants of rural income in Tanzania, research on poverty alleviation. An empirical approach, Research report 10/4.
- AMARE DEMISSIE AND BELAIEH LEGESSE. (2013). Determinants of income diversification among rural households: The case of smallholder farmers in Fedis district, Eastern hararghe zone, Ethiopia. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 5(3): Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/JDAE. Accessed on October 22, 2014.
- AREGA BEZAZEW, WOLDEAMLAK BEWKET AND NICOLAU, M. (2014). Rural households’ livelihood assets, strategies and outcomes in drought-prone areas of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia: Case study in Lay Gaint District. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(46): Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR. Accessed on October 22, 2014.
- AYENEW ALEM (2008). Agricultural Extension in and its Practices in two districts of Western Ethiopia: Ayira and Guliso of Eastern Wollega.
- BALESTRA, C. and SULTAN. J. (2013). Home Sweet Home: The determinants of residential satisfaction and its relation with well-being. OECD Statistics working papers, 2013/05, available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jzbcx0czc0x-en. Accessed on September 23, 2015.
- CHAUDHURY, N., ASADULLAH, M. and CHRITIAENSEH, L. (2006). Schools, households, risk and gender: Determinants of Child Schooling in Ethiopia, The World Bank.
- CHOCRAN, W. G. (1977), “Sampling Techniques”, Third edition, Harvard University, P-89.
- DEMPSEY, J., (2006). A Case Study of Institution Building and Value Chain Strengthening to Link Ethiopian Cooperative Coffee Producers to International Markets, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- DFID (Department for International Development). (2006). Sustainable rural livelihoods guidance sheet, UK, London.
- ERD (European Report on Agriculture). (2010). Livelihoods strategies and household resilience to food insecurity. An empirical analysis to Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
- GUJARATI DN, SANGEETHA. (2007). Basic Econometrics, 4th edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
- HAMMAN, A.U. (2006). The distribution of better life programs and beneficiaries in Maiduguri and Bama local government areas, University of Maiduguri.
- HDR (Human Development Report). (2013). The rise of the south: Human progress in a diverse world. Ethiopia.
- KHAN H, WILLIAMS JB. (2006). Poverty Alleviation through Access to Education: Can E-Learning Deliver? U21 Global Working Paper No. 002/2006, downloaded from http://www.u21global.com/portal/corporate/ on April 14, 2012
- LIPTON, M. 2005. The Family Farm in a globalizing world: The role of crop science in alleviating poverty. Washington D.C, USA.
- OXFAM (2008). A Consultancy Reports on Ethiopian Coffee Marketing Cooperatives. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- SAMUEL GEBRESELASSIE and EVA L. (2008). Agricultural Commercialisation in Coffee Growing Areas of Ethiopia.
- TASIE, C.M., OFFOR, U.S. and WILCOX, G.I. (2012). Determinants of off-farm income diversification in rivers state, Nigeria.
- TULLAO and RIVERA. (2009). Economic, demographic, and other factors affecting school Participation among children in urban and rural households: The Case of Pasay and Eastern Samar. II (6).
- WORAKO, T., Van SCHALKWYK, H., ALEMU, Z., and AYELE, G., (2008). Producer Price and Price Transmission in a Deregulated Ethiopian Coffee Market, Journal of Agrekon, Vol 47, No 4.
- WORLD BANK. (2008). “Agriculture for Development Policy”. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
- WORLD BANK. (2010). “Country Statistics. http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog”.
- YISHAK GECHO. (2016). Rural households’ income diversification: The case of Wolaita zone, southern Ethiopia. International journal of development and research, Vol. 2, no 12, pp 6-12. Available online at http://www.sciencepublshinggroup.com/j/ijsdr
Abstract
This study aims at identifying major determinants of livelihood outcomes with particular emphasis on the schooling of children proxy to wellbeing, and annual total income of coffee producers in Lalo Assabi district, Ethiopia. Random sample of 141 coffee producers were selected by systematic sampling for interview based on the required sample size. Both descriptive and inferential statistical methods were employed for data analysis. The result of the study explored that the literacy rate in the study area is 78.40 expressed as a percentage. Around 70% of the annual total income of the sampled households is generated from coffee marketing and/or production. The result of multiple linear regressions revealed that sex, age and year of education of household head as well as square root of annual total income and distance to preparatory school had significant relationship with schooling of children. Similarly, age of household head, tropical livestock holding, access to improved coffee seed, access to credit and total land owned by household had significant relationship with log of annual total income of coffee producers. Thus, these variables need special attention if the wellbeing and annual total income of coffee producers are to be increased.
References
- ADEM KEDIR. (2005). Socioeconomic impact of export oriented agricultural production on farmers in Eastern Ethiopia. Retrieved on December 12, 2014.
- ADEM KEDIR GELATO, BEZABIH EMANA, WASSIE BIRHANU AND JEMMA HAJ. (2012). Education poverty among the rural households in Arsi zone, Oromiya, Ethiopia. School dropout and Literacy rate in focus. Universal Journal of Education and General Studies, ISSN-0984, 1(9): 7-8, available online at http://www.universalresearchjournals.org/ujegs. Accessed on April 27, 2014.
- AIKAELI, J. (2010). Determinants of rural income in Tanzania, research on poverty alleviation. An empirical approach, Research report 10/4.
- AMARE DEMISSIE AND BELAIEH LEGESSE. (2013). Determinants of income diversification among rural households: The case of smallholder farmers in Fedis district, Eastern hararghe zone, Ethiopia. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 5(3): Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/JDAE. Accessed on October 22, 2014.
- AREGA BEZAZEW, WOLDEAMLAK BEWKET AND NICOLAU, M. (2014). Rural households’ livelihood assets, strategies and outcomes in drought-prone areas of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia: Case study in Lay Gaint District. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(46): Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR. Accessed on October 22, 2014.
- AYENEW ALEM (2008). Agricultural Extension in and its Practices in two districts of Western Ethiopia: Ayira and Guliso of Eastern Wollega.
- BALESTRA, C. and SULTAN. J. (2013). Home Sweet Home: The determinants of residential satisfaction and its relation with well-being. OECD Statistics working papers, 2013/05, available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jzbcx0czc0x-en. Accessed on September 23, 2015.
- CHAUDHURY, N., ASADULLAH, M. and CHRITIAENSEH, L. (2006). Schools, households, risk and gender: Determinants of Child Schooling in Ethiopia, The World Bank.
- CHOCRAN, W. G. (1977), “Sampling Techniques”, Third edition, Harvard University, P-89.
- DEMPSEY, J., (2006). A Case Study of Institution Building and Value Chain Strengthening to Link Ethiopian Cooperative Coffee Producers to International Markets, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- DFID (Department for International Development). (2006). Sustainable rural livelihoods guidance sheet, UK, London.
- ERD (European Report on Agriculture). (2010). Livelihoods strategies and household resilience to food insecurity. An empirical analysis to Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
- GUJARATI DN, SANGEETHA. (2007). Basic Econometrics, 4th edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
- HAMMAN, A.U. (2006). The distribution of better life programs and beneficiaries in Maiduguri and Bama local government areas, University of Maiduguri.
- HDR (Human Development Report). (2013). The rise of the south: Human progress in a diverse world. Ethiopia.
- KHAN H, WILLIAMS JB. (2006). Poverty Alleviation through Access to Education: Can E-Learning Deliver? U21 Global Working Paper No. 002/2006, downloaded from http://www.u21global.com/portal/corporate/ on April 14, 2012
- LIPTON, M. 2005. The Family Farm in a globalizing world: The role of crop science in alleviating poverty. Washington D.C, USA.
- OXFAM (2008). A Consultancy Reports on Ethiopian Coffee Marketing Cooperatives. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- SAMUEL GEBRESELASSIE and EVA L. (2008). Agricultural Commercialisation in Coffee Growing Areas of Ethiopia.
- TASIE, C.M., OFFOR, U.S. and WILCOX, G.I. (2012). Determinants of off-farm income diversification in rivers state, Nigeria.
- TULLAO and RIVERA. (2009). Economic, demographic, and other factors affecting school Participation among children in urban and rural households: The Case of Pasay and Eastern Samar. II (6).
- WORAKO, T., Van SCHALKWYK, H., ALEMU, Z., and AYELE, G., (2008). Producer Price and Price Transmission in a Deregulated Ethiopian Coffee Market, Journal of Agrekon, Vol 47, No 4.
- WORLD BANK. (2008). “Agriculture for Development Policy”. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
- WORLD BANK. (2010). “Country Statistics. http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog”.
- YISHAK GECHO. (2016). Rural households’ income diversification: The case of Wolaita zone, southern Ethiopia. International journal of development and research, Vol. 2, no 12, pp 6-12. Available online at http://www.sciencepublshinggroup.com/j/ijsdr
Details
| Subjects | Economics |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Makaleler |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 30, 2017 |
| Acceptance Date | October 1, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017 Volume: 1 Issue: 3 |
