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A GLANCE AT THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL LEADERS IN PROMOTING TEACHERS’ OCCUPATIONAL WELLBEING IN TIMES OF A CRISIS

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 125 - 138, 31.05.2022

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the role of school managers as educational leaders in promoting teachers’ occupational wellbeing in times of crises particularly to Covid-19 crisis and beyond by conducting a literature review and searching cases of best practices. The research questions being sought for answers include: What leadership competencies are required in times of crisis? What is the concept of teachers’ occupational wellbeing? What roles do educational leaders follow to promote the occupational wellbeing of the teachers in their schools in times of a crisis? Following the research questions in the study, crisis management in schools with its stages pre-, during-, post-, and the roles of educational leaders within are discussed. The concept of teachers’ occupational wellbeing together with its sub-dimensions, and the roles of educational leaders in supporting teachers in the related dimensions are explored. Lastly, leadership competencies and roles from cases of best practices in times of crises are discussed with the reflections into new practice.

References

  • AITSL [Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership Limited). (2020). Spotlight: The role of school leadership in challenging times. https://www.aitsl.edu.au/research/spotlights/the-role-of-school-leadership-in-challenging-times
  • Akçay, C. (2012). Dönüşümsel öğrenme kuramı ve yetişkin eğitiminde dönüşüm. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 42(196), 5-19.
  • Drago-Severson, E. & Maslin-Ostrowski, P. (2018). In translation: School leaders learning in and from leadership practice while confronting pressing policy challenges. Teachers College Record, 120, 1-44.
  • Duckworth, A.L., Quinn, P.D. & Seligman, M.E.P. (2009). Positive predictors of teacher effectiveness. J. Posit. Psychol, 4, 540-547.
  • Elliott, K. & Hollingsworth, H. (2020). A case for reimagining school leadership development to enhance collective efficacy. Australian Council for Educational Research.
  • Gillespie, N.A., Walsh, M., Winefield, A.H., Dua, J. & Stough, C. (2001). Occupational stress in universities: staff perceptions of the causes, consequences and moderators of stress. Work and Stress, 15(1), 53-72.
  • Granville-Chapman, K.E. (2021). How could school leaders improve the fourishing of teachers in the COVID-19 pandemic?. In M.A. White & F. McCallum (Eds.), Wellbeing and resilience education: Covid-19 and its impact on education (pp.77-95). Taylor & Francis.
  • Hascher, T., Beltman, S. & Mansfield, C. (2021). Swiss primary teachers' professional well-being during school closure due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 687512. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.687512
  • Herman, K.C., Sebastian, J., Reinke, W.M. & Huang, F.L. (2021). Individual and school predictors of teacher stress, coping, and wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic. School psychology, 36(6), 483-493.
  • İnal, İ.H., Akdemir, A. & Cihan, S. (2021). Pandemi sonrası oluşan VUCA ortamının çalışan insan kaynakları kaygı düzeyi ve verimliliği üzerine etkisi. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(40), 347-374.
  • Laine, S., Saaranen, T., Ryhänen, E. & Tossavainen, K. (2017). Occupational well-being and leadership in a school community. Health Education, 117(1), 24-38. https://doi.org/10.1108/HE-02-2014-0021
  • Lee, M., Coutts, R., Fielden, J., Hutchinson, M., Lakeman, R., Mathisen, B., Nasrawi, D. & Phillips, N. (2021). Occupational stress in university academics in Australia and New Zealand. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management. DOI: 10.1080/1360080X.2021.1934246
  • Leithwood, K., Harris, A. & Hopkins, D. (2020). Seven strong claims about successful school leadership revisited. School Leadership and Management, 40(1), 5-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2019.1596077
  • Leithwood, K. & Mascall, B. (2008). Collective leadership effects on student achievement. Educational Administration Quarterly, 44(4), 529-561.
  • McCallum, F. (2021). Teachers’ wellbeing during times of change and disruption. In M.A. White & F. McCallum (Eds.), Wellbeing and resilience education: Covid-19 and its impact on education (pp.183-208). Taylor & Francis.
  • McCallum, F., Price, D., Graham, A. & Morrison, A. (2017). Teacher wellbeing: A review of the literature. Association of Independent Schools of NSW. https://apo.org.au/sites/default/files/resource-files/2017-10/apo-nid201816.pdf
  • MEB [Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı]. (2020). Kriz ve kriz yönetimi. Kapsayıcı Eğitim Bağlamında Okul Yöneticilerinin Uzaktan Eğitim Süreçlerinde Tasarım ve Yönetim Becerilerinin Geliştirilmesi Mesleki Gelişimi Serisi. MEB ÖYGM & UNICEF. ISBN: 978-975-11-5490-3
  • NEA [National Education Association]. (2018). NEA’s school crisis guide: Help and healing in a time of crisis. https://www.nea.org/resource-library/neas-school-crisis-guide
  • Pearson, C. M. & Mitroff, I. (1993). From crisis prone to crisis prepared: A framework for crisis management. Academy of Management Perspectives, 7(1), 48-59.
  • Price, D. & McCallum, F. (2015). Ecological influences on teachers’ well-being and “fitness”. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 43(3), 195-209, DOI: 10.1080/1359866X.2014.932329
  • OECD [Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]. (2021). Using digital technologies for early education during COVID-19: OECD report for the G20 2020 Education Working Group. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/fe8d68ad-en.
  • OECD. (2020a). TALIS 2018 results (Volume II): Teachers and school leaders as valued professionals. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/19cf08df-en
  • OECD. (2020b). A framework to guide an education response to the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020: OECD policy responses to coronavirus (COVID-19). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/6ae21003-en.
  • OECD. (2005). Teachers matter: Attracting, developing and retaining effective teachers. OECD Publishing.
  • Paul, J. & Criado, A.R. (2020). The art of writing literature review: What do we know and what do we need to know? International Business Review, 29(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2020.101717
  • Saaranen, T., Sormunen, M., Pertel, T., Streimann, K., Hansen, S., Varava, L., Lepp, K., Turunen, H. & Tossavainen, K. (2012). The occupational well‐being of school staff and maintenance of their ability to work in Finland and Estonia – focus on the school community and professional competence. Health Education, 112(3), 236-255. https://doi.org/10.1108/09654281211217777
  • Sahu P. (2020). Closure of universities due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Impact on education and mental health of students and academic staff. Cureus, 12(4), e7541. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7541
  • Sarı, T. & Nayır, F. (2020). Challenges in distance education during the (Covid-19) pandemic period. Qualitative Research in Education, 9(3), 328-360. doi:10.17583/qre.2020.5872
  • Schein, E. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership. Jossey-Bass.
  • Shen, P. & Slater, P. (2021). The effect of occupational stress and coping strategies on mental health and emotional well-being among university academic staff during the COVID-19 outbreak. International Education Studies, 14, 82.
  • Schleicher, A. (2018). Valuing our teachers and raising their status: How communities can help. International Summit on the Teaching Profession. OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264292697-en
  • Schleicher, A. (2011). Building a high-quality teaching profession: lessons from around the world. OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264113046-en
  • Smith, L. & Riley, D. (2012). School leadership in times of crisis. School Leadership & Management: Formerly School Organisation, 32(1), 57-71.
  • Stamatis, P.J. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on teaching and classroom management: thoughts based on current situation and the role of communication. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy. DOI: 10.24018/ejedu.2021.2.1.48
  • The World Bank, UNESCO & UNICEF. (2021). The state of the global education crisis: a path to recovery. The World Bank, UNESCO & UNICEF. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000380128
  • Uhl-Bien, M., Mrion, R., & McKelvey, B. (2007). Complexity leadership theory: shifting leadership from the industrial age to the knowledge era. The Leadership Quarterly, 18(4), 298-318.
  • Virtanen, M., Kivimäki, M., Luopa, P., Vahtera, J., Elovainio, M., Jokela, J. & Pietikäinen, M. (2009). Staff reports of psychosocial climate at school and adolescents’ health, truancy and health education in Finland. European Journal of Public Health, 19(5), 554-560.

KRİZ ZAMANLARINDA EĞİTİM LİDERLERİNİN ÖĞRETMENLERİN MESLEKİ İYİ OLUŞ HALİNİ DESTEKLEMEDEKİ ROLÜNE BAKIŞ

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 125 - 138, 31.05.2022

Abstract

Bu çalışma, kriz zamanlarında öğretmenlerin mesleki iyi oluş halini geliştirmede eğitim liderleri olarak okul yöneticilerinin rolünü araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Literatür taraması yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilen çalışmada özellikle Covid-19 pandemisinin getirdiği kriz yönetimi sürecine odaklanılmış ve ilgili bağlamdaki liderlik rollerine ilişkin iyi uygulama örnekleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, ele alınan araştırma soruları şunlardır: Kriz zamanlarında hangi liderlik yeterlikleri gereklidir? Öğretmenlerin mesleki iyi oluş hali kavramı nedir? Eğitim liderleri, kriz zamanlarında okullarındaki öğretmenlerin mesleki iyi oluş halini desteklemek için hangi rolleri yerine getirmektedir? Çalışmadaki araştırma soruları bağlamında, okullarda kriz yönetimi aşamaları, kriz öncesi, esnası, sonrası ve süreçlerde eğitim liderlerinin rolleri tartışılmaktadır. Alt boyutları ile birlikte öğretmenlerin mesleki iyi oluş hali kavramı, ve eğitim liderlerinin ilgili boyutlarda öğretmenleri desteklemedeki rolleri incelenmektedir. Son olarak, kriz zamanlarında iyi uygulama örneklerinin incelenmesinden elde edilen liderlik yeterlikleri ve rolleri, güncel uygulamalara yansımaları ile ele alınmaktadır.

References

  • AITSL [Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership Limited). (2020). Spotlight: The role of school leadership in challenging times. https://www.aitsl.edu.au/research/spotlights/the-role-of-school-leadership-in-challenging-times
  • Akçay, C. (2012). Dönüşümsel öğrenme kuramı ve yetişkin eğitiminde dönüşüm. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 42(196), 5-19.
  • Drago-Severson, E. & Maslin-Ostrowski, P. (2018). In translation: School leaders learning in and from leadership practice while confronting pressing policy challenges. Teachers College Record, 120, 1-44.
  • Duckworth, A.L., Quinn, P.D. & Seligman, M.E.P. (2009). Positive predictors of teacher effectiveness. J. Posit. Psychol, 4, 540-547.
  • Elliott, K. & Hollingsworth, H. (2020). A case for reimagining school leadership development to enhance collective efficacy. Australian Council for Educational Research.
  • Gillespie, N.A., Walsh, M., Winefield, A.H., Dua, J. & Stough, C. (2001). Occupational stress in universities: staff perceptions of the causes, consequences and moderators of stress. Work and Stress, 15(1), 53-72.
  • Granville-Chapman, K.E. (2021). How could school leaders improve the fourishing of teachers in the COVID-19 pandemic?. In M.A. White & F. McCallum (Eds.), Wellbeing and resilience education: Covid-19 and its impact on education (pp.77-95). Taylor & Francis.
  • Hascher, T., Beltman, S. & Mansfield, C. (2021). Swiss primary teachers' professional well-being during school closure due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 687512. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.687512
  • Herman, K.C., Sebastian, J., Reinke, W.M. & Huang, F.L. (2021). Individual and school predictors of teacher stress, coping, and wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic. School psychology, 36(6), 483-493.
  • İnal, İ.H., Akdemir, A. & Cihan, S. (2021). Pandemi sonrası oluşan VUCA ortamının çalışan insan kaynakları kaygı düzeyi ve verimliliği üzerine etkisi. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(40), 347-374.
  • Laine, S., Saaranen, T., Ryhänen, E. & Tossavainen, K. (2017). Occupational well-being and leadership in a school community. Health Education, 117(1), 24-38. https://doi.org/10.1108/HE-02-2014-0021
  • Lee, M., Coutts, R., Fielden, J., Hutchinson, M., Lakeman, R., Mathisen, B., Nasrawi, D. & Phillips, N. (2021). Occupational stress in university academics in Australia and New Zealand. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management. DOI: 10.1080/1360080X.2021.1934246
  • Leithwood, K., Harris, A. & Hopkins, D. (2020). Seven strong claims about successful school leadership revisited. School Leadership and Management, 40(1), 5-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2019.1596077
  • Leithwood, K. & Mascall, B. (2008). Collective leadership effects on student achievement. Educational Administration Quarterly, 44(4), 529-561.
  • McCallum, F. (2021). Teachers’ wellbeing during times of change and disruption. In M.A. White & F. McCallum (Eds.), Wellbeing and resilience education: Covid-19 and its impact on education (pp.183-208). Taylor & Francis.
  • McCallum, F., Price, D., Graham, A. & Morrison, A. (2017). Teacher wellbeing: A review of the literature. Association of Independent Schools of NSW. https://apo.org.au/sites/default/files/resource-files/2017-10/apo-nid201816.pdf
  • MEB [Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı]. (2020). Kriz ve kriz yönetimi. Kapsayıcı Eğitim Bağlamında Okul Yöneticilerinin Uzaktan Eğitim Süreçlerinde Tasarım ve Yönetim Becerilerinin Geliştirilmesi Mesleki Gelişimi Serisi. MEB ÖYGM & UNICEF. ISBN: 978-975-11-5490-3
  • NEA [National Education Association]. (2018). NEA’s school crisis guide: Help and healing in a time of crisis. https://www.nea.org/resource-library/neas-school-crisis-guide
  • Pearson, C. M. & Mitroff, I. (1993). From crisis prone to crisis prepared: A framework for crisis management. Academy of Management Perspectives, 7(1), 48-59.
  • Price, D. & McCallum, F. (2015). Ecological influences on teachers’ well-being and “fitness”. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 43(3), 195-209, DOI: 10.1080/1359866X.2014.932329
  • OECD [Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]. (2021). Using digital technologies for early education during COVID-19: OECD report for the G20 2020 Education Working Group. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/fe8d68ad-en.
  • OECD. (2020a). TALIS 2018 results (Volume II): Teachers and school leaders as valued professionals. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/19cf08df-en
  • OECD. (2020b). A framework to guide an education response to the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020: OECD policy responses to coronavirus (COVID-19). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/6ae21003-en.
  • OECD. (2005). Teachers matter: Attracting, developing and retaining effective teachers. OECD Publishing.
  • Paul, J. & Criado, A.R. (2020). The art of writing literature review: What do we know and what do we need to know? International Business Review, 29(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2020.101717
  • Saaranen, T., Sormunen, M., Pertel, T., Streimann, K., Hansen, S., Varava, L., Lepp, K., Turunen, H. & Tossavainen, K. (2012). The occupational well‐being of school staff and maintenance of their ability to work in Finland and Estonia – focus on the school community and professional competence. Health Education, 112(3), 236-255. https://doi.org/10.1108/09654281211217777
  • Sahu P. (2020). Closure of universities due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Impact on education and mental health of students and academic staff. Cureus, 12(4), e7541. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7541
  • Sarı, T. & Nayır, F. (2020). Challenges in distance education during the (Covid-19) pandemic period. Qualitative Research in Education, 9(3), 328-360. doi:10.17583/qre.2020.5872
  • Schein, E. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership. Jossey-Bass.
  • Shen, P. & Slater, P. (2021). The effect of occupational stress and coping strategies on mental health and emotional well-being among university academic staff during the COVID-19 outbreak. International Education Studies, 14, 82.
  • Schleicher, A. (2018). Valuing our teachers and raising their status: How communities can help. International Summit on the Teaching Profession. OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264292697-en
  • Schleicher, A. (2011). Building a high-quality teaching profession: lessons from around the world. OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264113046-en
  • Smith, L. & Riley, D. (2012). School leadership in times of crisis. School Leadership & Management: Formerly School Organisation, 32(1), 57-71.
  • Stamatis, P.J. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on teaching and classroom management: thoughts based on current situation and the role of communication. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy. DOI: 10.24018/ejedu.2021.2.1.48
  • The World Bank, UNESCO & UNICEF. (2021). The state of the global education crisis: a path to recovery. The World Bank, UNESCO & UNICEF. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000380128
  • Uhl-Bien, M., Mrion, R., & McKelvey, B. (2007). Complexity leadership theory: shifting leadership from the industrial age to the knowledge era. The Leadership Quarterly, 18(4), 298-318.
  • Virtanen, M., Kivimäki, M., Luopa, P., Vahtera, J., Elovainio, M., Jokela, J. & Pietikäinen, M. (2009). Staff reports of psychosocial climate at school and adolescents’ health, truancy and health education in Finland. European Journal of Public Health, 19(5), 554-560.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Other Fields of Education, Studies on Education
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Figen Karaferye 0000-0003-3449-032X

Publication Date May 31, 2022
Submission Date April 17, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Karaferye, F. (2022). KRİZ ZAMANLARINDA EĞİTİM LİDERLERİNİN ÖĞRETMENLERİN MESLEKİ İYİ OLUŞ HALİNİ DESTEKLEMEDEKİ ROLÜNE BAKIŞ. Alanyazın, 3(1), 125-138.