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Toprak Đsleme Sistemlerinin Önemli Bazı Toprak Kalite Kriterlerine Olan Etkileri

Year 2009, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 33 - 41, 23.03.2012

Abstract

Toprak kalitesi; biyolojik aktiviteyi arttıran, çevre kalitesini koruyan ve devam ettiren,
ekosistem sınırları içerisinde bitkisel üretim işlevini yerine getiren toprak özelliği olarak
tanımlanmaktadır. Toprak kalitesi, kullanım şekli ve işlemeden etkilenen toprağın
fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik özelliklerine bağlı olarak değişiklik göstermektedir. Toprak
işlemeden etkilenen toprak kalitesi ile ilgili önemli bazı toprak özellikleri; toprak yüzeyinin
bitki artıkları ile kaplanma miktarı, bitki besin elementlerinin dağılımı, strüktür ve agregat
stabilitesi, nem içeriği, sıcaklık, toprak biyolojisi ve toprak sertliğinden oluşmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada, uygulamada yaygın bir şekilde yer alan bazı toprak işleme sistemlerinin
önemli bazı toprak kalite kriterlerine olan etkileri incelenmiştir.

References

  • Arshad, M.A., Franzluebbers, A.J. ve Azooz, R.H., 1999. Components of surface soil structure under conventional and no-tillage in northwestern Canada. Soil & Tillage Research, 53, 41–47.
  • Aslam, T., Choudhary, M. ve Sagar, S., 1999. Tillage impacts on soil microbial biomass C, N and P, earthworms and agronomy after two years of cropping following permanent pasture in New Zealand. Soil & Tillage Research, 51, 103-111
  • Bardgett, R.D., Lovell, R.D., Hobbs, P.J. ve Jarvis, S.C., 1999. Seasonal changes in soil microbial communities along a fertility gradient of temperate grasslands. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 31, 1021–1030.
  • Bayer, C., Martin-Neto, L., Mielniczuk, J., Pillon, C.N. ve Sangoi, L., 2001. Changes in soil organic matter fractions under subtropical no-till cropping systems. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 65, 1473– 1478.
  • Bossio, D.A., Scow, K.M., Gunapala, N. ve Graham, K.J., 1998. Determinants of soil microbial communities: effects of agricultural management, season, and soil type on phospholipid fatty acid profiles. Microbial Ecology, 36, 1–12.
  • Buckerfield, J.C., Lee., K.E., Davoren, C.W. ve Hannay, J.N., 1997. Earthworms as indicators of sustainable production in dryland cropping in Southern Australia. Soil Biol. Biochem., 29, 547–554.
  • Buckley, D.H. ve Schmidt, T.M., 2001. The structure of microbial communities in soil and the lasting impact of cultivation. Microb. Ecol., 42, 11–21
  • Burle, M.L., Mielnicczuk, J. ve Focchi, S., 1997. Effect of cropping systems on soil chemical characteristics, with emphasis on soil acidification. Plant and Soil, 190, 309–316.
  • Campbell, C.A., Mc Conkey, B.G., Bierderbeck, V.O., Zenner, R.P., Curtin, D. ve Peru, M.R., 1998. Long-term effects of tillage and fallow-frequency on soil quality attributes in a clay soil in semiarid southwestern Saskatchewan. Soil & Tillage Research, 46, 135–144.
  • Canbolat, M., 2006. Toprak kalite yönetimi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi basılma- mış ders notu.
  • Carter, M., Sanderson, J., Ivany, J. ve White, R, 2002. Influence of rotation and tillage on forage maize productivity, weed species, and soil quality of a fine sandy loam in the cool–humid climate of Atlantic Canada. Soil & Tillage Research, 67, 85–98
  • Castro Filho, C., Muzilli, O. ve Podanoschi, A.L., 1998. Estabilidade de agregados e sua relac¸ao com o teor de carbono organico num Latossolo Roxo distro´fico, em funca de sistemas de plantio, rotac¸oes de culturas e me´todos de preparo das amostras. Rev. Bras. Ci. Solo, 22, 527–538.
  • Craul, P.J., 1999. Urban Soils: Applications and Practices. Wiley, Toronto.
  • Dexter, A.R., 2004. Soil physical quality: Part II. Friability, tillage, tilth and hard-setting. Geoderma, 120, 215–225
  • Diaz-Zorita, M. ve Grove, J.H., 2002. Duration of tillage management affects carbon and phosphorus stratification in phosphatic Paleudalfs. Soil & Tillage Research, 66, 165– 174.
  • Dick, R.P., 1992. A review: long-term effects of agricultural systems on soil biochemical and microbial parameters. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 40, 25–36.
  • Feng, Y., Motta A.C., Reeves D.W., Burmester, C.H., Van, S. ve Osborne, J.A., 2003. Soil microbial communities under conventional-till and no-till continuous cotton systems. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 35, 1693–1703
  • Ghuman, B.S. ve Sur, H.S., 2001. Tillage and residue management effects on soil properties and yields of rainfed maize and wheat in a subhumid subtropical climate. Soil & Tillage Research, 58 1-10
  • Grayston, S.J., Wang, S., Campbell, C.D. ve Edwards, A.C., 1998. Selective influence of plant species on microbial diversity in the rhizosphere. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 30, 369–378.
  • Gregorich, E.G., Carter, M.R., Angers, D.A., Monreal, C.M. ve Ellert, B.H., 1994. Towards a minimum data set to assess soil organic matter quality in agricultural soils. Can. J. Soil Sci., 74, 367–385.
  • Halvorson, A.D., Wienhold, B.J. ve Black, A.L., 2002. Tillage, nitrogen, and cropping system effects on soil carbon sequestration. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 66, 906–912.
  • Janzen, H.H., Campbell, C.A., Ellert, B.H. ve Bremer, E., 1997. Soil organic matter dynamics and their relationship to soil quality. Developments in Soil Science, 25, 277–292.
  • Jordan, D. ve Kremer, R., 1994. Potential microbial methods as indicators of soil quality in historical agricultural fields. In: Pankhurst, C. (Ed.), Management of Soil Biota. CSIRO, South Adelaide, 245–249.
  • Kladivko, E.J., Akhouri, N.M. ve Weesies, G., 1997. Earthworm populations and species distributions under notill and conventional tillage in Indiana and Illinois. Soil Biol. Biochem., 29, 613–615.
  • Lal, R., Kimble, J. ve Follett, R.F., 1998. Need for research and need for action. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, s. 447–454
  • Lal, R., Mahboubi, A.A. ve Fausey, N.R., 1994. Long-term tillage and rotation effects on properties of a central Ohio soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 58, 517–522.
  • Liebig, M.A., Tanaka, D.L. ve Wienhold, B.J., 2004. Tillage and cropping effects on soil quality indicators in the northern Great Plains. Soil & Tillage Research, 78,131–141
  • Malavolta, E., 1999. The fertility of Brazilian soils. Academia Brasileira de Cieˆncias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, s. 171–184.
  • Malhi, S.S., Lemke, R., Wang, Z.H. ve Chhabra, B.S., 2006. Tillage, nitrogen and crop residue effects on crop yield, nutrient uptake, soil quality, and greenhouse gas emissions. Soil & Tillage Research, 90, 171-183
  • Marinari, S., Mancinelli, R., Campiglia, E. ve Grego, S., 2006. Chemical and biological indicators of soil quality in organic and conventional farming systems in Central Italy. Ecological Indicators, 701–711
  • McVay, K. A., Budde, J. A., Fabrizzi, K., Mikha, M. M., Rice, C. W., Schlegel, A. J., Peterson, D. E., Sweeney, D. W. ve Thompson, C., 2006. Management Effects on Soil Physical Properties in Long-Term Tillage Studies in Kansas. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 70, 434-438.
  • Monokrousos, N., Papatheodorou, E. ve Diamantopoulos, Stamou G., 2006. Soil quality variables in organically and conventionally cultivated field sites Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 38, 1282–1289
  • Paustian, K., Collins, H.P. ve Paul, E.A., 1997. Management controls on soil carbon. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL,s,. 15-49.
  • Resck, D.V.S., Vasconcellos, C.A., Vilela, L. ve Macedo, M.C.M., 1999. Impact of conversion of Brazilian Cerrados to cropland and pasture land on soil carbon pool and dynamics. Global Climate Change and Tropical Ecosystems. Adv. Soil Sci. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, s. 169–196.
  • Rolda´n, A Salinas-Garcı´a,J., Alguacil, M., Dı´az, E. ve Caravaca, F., 2005. Soil enzyme activities suggest advantages of conservation tillage practices in sorghum cultivation under subtropical conditions. Geoderma, 129,178– 185.
  • Rolda´n, A., Caravaca, F., Herna´ndez, M.T., Garcı´a, C., Sa´nchez- Brito, C., Vela´squez, M. ve Tiscaren˜o, M., 2003. No-tillage, crop residue additions, and legume cover cropping effects on soil quality characteristics under maize in Patzcuaro watershed (Mexico). Soil & Tillage Research 72, 65–73.
  • Salinas-Garcia, J.R., Hons, F.M., Matocha, J.E. ve Zuberer, D.A., 1997. Soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics as affected by long-term tillage and nitrogen fertilization. Biol. Fert. Soils, 25, 182–188.
  • Servadio, P., Marsili, A., Vignozzi, N., Pellegrini, S. Ve Pagliai, B., 2005. Effects on some soil qualities in central Italy following the passage of four wheel drive tractor fitted with single and dual tires. Soil & Tillage Research, 84, 87–100
  • Singht, K. K., Colvin, T. S., Erbach, D.C. ve Mughal, A. Q., 1992. Tilth index: An approach to quantifying soil tilth. Transactions of the ASAE, 35(6), 1777-1785.
  • Spedding, T., Hamel, C., Mehuys, G. ve Madramootoo, C., 2004 Soil microbial dynamics in maize-growing soil under different tillage and residue management systems Soil Biology & Biochemistry 360, 499–512
  • Staley, T.E., Edwards, W.M., Scott, C.L. ve Owens, L.B., 1988. Soil microbial biomass and organic component alterations in a no-tillage chronosequence. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 52, 998–1005.
  • Stevenson, F.J., 1994. Humus Chemistry: Genesis, Composition, Reaction. Wiley, New York, 1–24.
  • Unger, P.W., 1997. Aggregate and organic carbon concentration interrelationships of a Torrertic Paleustoll. Soil & Tillage Research, 42, 95-113.
  • USDA-NRCS, 1996. Soil Quality Resource Concerns: Compaction. USDA-NRCS Soil Quality Inst., Ames, IA. http:// www.statlab.iastate.edu/survey/SQI/sqihome.shtml.
  • Veihmeyer, F.J. ve Hendrickson, A.H., 1948. Soil density and root penetration. Soil Sci., 65, 487– 493.
  • Zhang, M,K. ve Fang, L., 2007 Effect of tillage, fertilizer and green manure cropping on soil quality at an abandoned brick making site. Soil & Tillage Research 97,87-93
  • Zibilske, L.M., Bradford, J.M. ve Smart, J.R., 2002. Conservation tillage induce changes in organic carbon, total nitrogen and available hosphorus in a semi-arid alkaline subtropical soil. Soil & Tillage Research, 66, 153–163.
Year 2009, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 33 - 41, 23.03.2012

Abstract

References

  • Arshad, M.A., Franzluebbers, A.J. ve Azooz, R.H., 1999. Components of surface soil structure under conventional and no-tillage in northwestern Canada. Soil & Tillage Research, 53, 41–47.
  • Aslam, T., Choudhary, M. ve Sagar, S., 1999. Tillage impacts on soil microbial biomass C, N and P, earthworms and agronomy after two years of cropping following permanent pasture in New Zealand. Soil & Tillage Research, 51, 103-111
  • Bardgett, R.D., Lovell, R.D., Hobbs, P.J. ve Jarvis, S.C., 1999. Seasonal changes in soil microbial communities along a fertility gradient of temperate grasslands. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 31, 1021–1030.
  • Bayer, C., Martin-Neto, L., Mielniczuk, J., Pillon, C.N. ve Sangoi, L., 2001. Changes in soil organic matter fractions under subtropical no-till cropping systems. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 65, 1473– 1478.
  • Bossio, D.A., Scow, K.M., Gunapala, N. ve Graham, K.J., 1998. Determinants of soil microbial communities: effects of agricultural management, season, and soil type on phospholipid fatty acid profiles. Microbial Ecology, 36, 1–12.
  • Buckerfield, J.C., Lee., K.E., Davoren, C.W. ve Hannay, J.N., 1997. Earthworms as indicators of sustainable production in dryland cropping in Southern Australia. Soil Biol. Biochem., 29, 547–554.
  • Buckley, D.H. ve Schmidt, T.M., 2001. The structure of microbial communities in soil and the lasting impact of cultivation. Microb. Ecol., 42, 11–21
  • Burle, M.L., Mielnicczuk, J. ve Focchi, S., 1997. Effect of cropping systems on soil chemical characteristics, with emphasis on soil acidification. Plant and Soil, 190, 309–316.
  • Campbell, C.A., Mc Conkey, B.G., Bierderbeck, V.O., Zenner, R.P., Curtin, D. ve Peru, M.R., 1998. Long-term effects of tillage and fallow-frequency on soil quality attributes in a clay soil in semiarid southwestern Saskatchewan. Soil & Tillage Research, 46, 135–144.
  • Canbolat, M., 2006. Toprak kalite yönetimi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi basılma- mış ders notu.
  • Carter, M., Sanderson, J., Ivany, J. ve White, R, 2002. Influence of rotation and tillage on forage maize productivity, weed species, and soil quality of a fine sandy loam in the cool–humid climate of Atlantic Canada. Soil & Tillage Research, 67, 85–98
  • Castro Filho, C., Muzilli, O. ve Podanoschi, A.L., 1998. Estabilidade de agregados e sua relac¸ao com o teor de carbono organico num Latossolo Roxo distro´fico, em funca de sistemas de plantio, rotac¸oes de culturas e me´todos de preparo das amostras. Rev. Bras. Ci. Solo, 22, 527–538.
  • Craul, P.J., 1999. Urban Soils: Applications and Practices. Wiley, Toronto.
  • Dexter, A.R., 2004. Soil physical quality: Part II. Friability, tillage, tilth and hard-setting. Geoderma, 120, 215–225
  • Diaz-Zorita, M. ve Grove, J.H., 2002. Duration of tillage management affects carbon and phosphorus stratification in phosphatic Paleudalfs. Soil & Tillage Research, 66, 165– 174.
  • Dick, R.P., 1992. A review: long-term effects of agricultural systems on soil biochemical and microbial parameters. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 40, 25–36.
  • Feng, Y., Motta A.C., Reeves D.W., Burmester, C.H., Van, S. ve Osborne, J.A., 2003. Soil microbial communities under conventional-till and no-till continuous cotton systems. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 35, 1693–1703
  • Ghuman, B.S. ve Sur, H.S., 2001. Tillage and residue management effects on soil properties and yields of rainfed maize and wheat in a subhumid subtropical climate. Soil & Tillage Research, 58 1-10
  • Grayston, S.J., Wang, S., Campbell, C.D. ve Edwards, A.C., 1998. Selective influence of plant species on microbial diversity in the rhizosphere. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 30, 369–378.
  • Gregorich, E.G., Carter, M.R., Angers, D.A., Monreal, C.M. ve Ellert, B.H., 1994. Towards a minimum data set to assess soil organic matter quality in agricultural soils. Can. J. Soil Sci., 74, 367–385.
  • Halvorson, A.D., Wienhold, B.J. ve Black, A.L., 2002. Tillage, nitrogen, and cropping system effects on soil carbon sequestration. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 66, 906–912.
  • Janzen, H.H., Campbell, C.A., Ellert, B.H. ve Bremer, E., 1997. Soil organic matter dynamics and their relationship to soil quality. Developments in Soil Science, 25, 277–292.
  • Jordan, D. ve Kremer, R., 1994. Potential microbial methods as indicators of soil quality in historical agricultural fields. In: Pankhurst, C. (Ed.), Management of Soil Biota. CSIRO, South Adelaide, 245–249.
  • Kladivko, E.J., Akhouri, N.M. ve Weesies, G., 1997. Earthworm populations and species distributions under notill and conventional tillage in Indiana and Illinois. Soil Biol. Biochem., 29, 613–615.
  • Lal, R., Kimble, J. ve Follett, R.F., 1998. Need for research and need for action. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, s. 447–454
  • Lal, R., Mahboubi, A.A. ve Fausey, N.R., 1994. Long-term tillage and rotation effects on properties of a central Ohio soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 58, 517–522.
  • Liebig, M.A., Tanaka, D.L. ve Wienhold, B.J., 2004. Tillage and cropping effects on soil quality indicators in the northern Great Plains. Soil & Tillage Research, 78,131–141
  • Malavolta, E., 1999. The fertility of Brazilian soils. Academia Brasileira de Cieˆncias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, s. 171–184.
  • Malhi, S.S., Lemke, R., Wang, Z.H. ve Chhabra, B.S., 2006. Tillage, nitrogen and crop residue effects on crop yield, nutrient uptake, soil quality, and greenhouse gas emissions. Soil & Tillage Research, 90, 171-183
  • Marinari, S., Mancinelli, R., Campiglia, E. ve Grego, S., 2006. Chemical and biological indicators of soil quality in organic and conventional farming systems in Central Italy. Ecological Indicators, 701–711
  • McVay, K. A., Budde, J. A., Fabrizzi, K., Mikha, M. M., Rice, C. W., Schlegel, A. J., Peterson, D. E., Sweeney, D. W. ve Thompson, C., 2006. Management Effects on Soil Physical Properties in Long-Term Tillage Studies in Kansas. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 70, 434-438.
  • Monokrousos, N., Papatheodorou, E. ve Diamantopoulos, Stamou G., 2006. Soil quality variables in organically and conventionally cultivated field sites Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 38, 1282–1289
  • Paustian, K., Collins, H.P. ve Paul, E.A., 1997. Management controls on soil carbon. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL,s,. 15-49.
  • Resck, D.V.S., Vasconcellos, C.A., Vilela, L. ve Macedo, M.C.M., 1999. Impact of conversion of Brazilian Cerrados to cropland and pasture land on soil carbon pool and dynamics. Global Climate Change and Tropical Ecosystems. Adv. Soil Sci. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, s. 169–196.
  • Rolda´n, A Salinas-Garcı´a,J., Alguacil, M., Dı´az, E. ve Caravaca, F., 2005. Soil enzyme activities suggest advantages of conservation tillage practices in sorghum cultivation under subtropical conditions. Geoderma, 129,178– 185.
  • Rolda´n, A., Caravaca, F., Herna´ndez, M.T., Garcı´a, C., Sa´nchez- Brito, C., Vela´squez, M. ve Tiscaren˜o, M., 2003. No-tillage, crop residue additions, and legume cover cropping effects on soil quality characteristics under maize in Patzcuaro watershed (Mexico). Soil & Tillage Research 72, 65–73.
  • Salinas-Garcia, J.R., Hons, F.M., Matocha, J.E. ve Zuberer, D.A., 1997. Soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics as affected by long-term tillage and nitrogen fertilization. Biol. Fert. Soils, 25, 182–188.
  • Servadio, P., Marsili, A., Vignozzi, N., Pellegrini, S. Ve Pagliai, B., 2005. Effects on some soil qualities in central Italy following the passage of four wheel drive tractor fitted with single and dual tires. Soil & Tillage Research, 84, 87–100
  • Singht, K. K., Colvin, T. S., Erbach, D.C. ve Mughal, A. Q., 1992. Tilth index: An approach to quantifying soil tilth. Transactions of the ASAE, 35(6), 1777-1785.
  • Spedding, T., Hamel, C., Mehuys, G. ve Madramootoo, C., 2004 Soil microbial dynamics in maize-growing soil under different tillage and residue management systems Soil Biology & Biochemistry 360, 499–512
  • Staley, T.E., Edwards, W.M., Scott, C.L. ve Owens, L.B., 1988. Soil microbial biomass and organic component alterations in a no-tillage chronosequence. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 52, 998–1005.
  • Stevenson, F.J., 1994. Humus Chemistry: Genesis, Composition, Reaction. Wiley, New York, 1–24.
  • Unger, P.W., 1997. Aggregate and organic carbon concentration interrelationships of a Torrertic Paleustoll. Soil & Tillage Research, 42, 95-113.
  • USDA-NRCS, 1996. Soil Quality Resource Concerns: Compaction. USDA-NRCS Soil Quality Inst., Ames, IA. http:// www.statlab.iastate.edu/survey/SQI/sqihome.shtml.
  • Veihmeyer, F.J. ve Hendrickson, A.H., 1948. Soil density and root penetration. Soil Sci., 65, 487– 493.
  • Zhang, M,K. ve Fang, L., 2007 Effect of tillage, fertilizer and green manure cropping on soil quality at an abandoned brick making site. Soil & Tillage Research 97,87-93
  • Zibilske, L.M., Bradford, J.M. ve Smart, J.R., 2002. Conservation tillage induce changes in organic carbon, total nitrogen and available hosphorus in a semi-arid alkaline subtropical soil. Soil & Tillage Research, 66, 153–163.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language tr;en
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sefa Altıkat This is me

Ahmet Çelik This is me

Publication Date March 23, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2009 Volume: 16 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Altıkat, S., & Çelik, A. (2012). Toprak Đsleme Sistemlerinin Önemli Bazı Toprak Kalite Kriterlerine Olan Etkileri. Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Science, 16(1), 33-41.
AMA Altıkat S, Çelik A. Toprak Đsleme Sistemlerinin Önemli Bazı Toprak Kalite Kriterlerine Olan Etkileri. Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Science. March 2012;16(1):33-41.
Chicago Altıkat, Sefa, and Ahmet Çelik. “Toprak Đsleme Sistemlerinin Önemli Bazı Toprak Kalite Kriterlerine Olan Etkileri”. Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Science 16, no. 1 (March 2012): 33-41.
EndNote Altıkat S, Çelik A (March 1, 2012) Toprak Đsleme Sistemlerinin Önemli Bazı Toprak Kalite Kriterlerine Olan Etkileri. Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Science 16 1 33–41.
IEEE S. Altıkat and A. Çelik, “Toprak Đsleme Sistemlerinin Önemli Bazı Toprak Kalite Kriterlerine Olan Etkileri”, Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Science, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 33–41, 2012.
ISNAD Altıkat, Sefa - Çelik, Ahmet. “Toprak Đsleme Sistemlerinin Önemli Bazı Toprak Kalite Kriterlerine Olan Etkileri”. Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Science 16/1 (March 2012), 33-41.
JAMA Altıkat S, Çelik A. Toprak Đsleme Sistemlerinin Önemli Bazı Toprak Kalite Kriterlerine Olan Etkileri. Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Science. 2012;16:33–41.
MLA Altıkat, Sefa and Ahmet Çelik. “Toprak Đsleme Sistemlerinin Önemli Bazı Toprak Kalite Kriterlerine Olan Etkileri”. Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Science, vol. 16, no. 1, 2012, pp. 33-41.
Vancouver Altıkat S, Çelik A. Toprak Đsleme Sistemlerinin Önemli Bazı Toprak Kalite Kriterlerine Olan Etkileri. Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Science. 2012;16(1):33-41.