Optimizing the Synthesis of Folic Acid Conjugated Silver Nanoparticles by Box-Behnken Design to Target Breast Cancer Cells

Year 2023, , 100 - 117, 27.12.2023

Safa Furkan Soylu , Ahmed Zıdan , Nazan Gökşen Tosun , Özlem Kaplan , İsa Gökçe

https://doi.org/10.46740/alku.1326274

Abstract

In this study, the synthesis of folic acid conjugated silver nanoparticles (FA&AgNPs) was optimized. FA&AgNPs were synthesized by reduction of silver nitrate with folic acid, which is widely used to target folate receptors in cancer cells. Five independent variables (stirring speed, AgNO3 concentration, folic acid concentration, AgNO3 volume/folic acid volume, and temperature) that were effective on silver nanoparticle synthesis were determined. Based on the independent variables, an experimental plan consisting of 46 experiments was created using the Box-Behnken design (BBD). Nanoparticle formation, physical color change, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis were evaluated. The mean particle size and zeta potential of FA&AgNPs produced under optimized conditions were measured as 207±4.3 nm and -51.6 mV±2.5, respectively. Cytotoxicity tests were performed to evaluate the anticancer activity of FA&AgNPs in breast cancer cell lines. The IC50 values for MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells at 24 hours and 48 hours were 20.0 µg/mL and 16.9 µg/mL, respectively, and 26.3 µg/mL and 31.5 µg/mL for MCF-7 cells. The findings indicated that FA&AgNPs have the potential to be an effective anticancer agent in breast cancer cells.

Keywords

Folic acid, Silver nanoparticles, Breast cancer, Cell targeting, Optimization

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

TÜBİTAK-2209A-1919B012106589

Thanks

This study received support from the Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK) under grant number TUBITAK-2209A (Project number: 1919B012106589).

Meme Kanseri Hücrelerini Hedeflemek İçin Box-Behnken Tasarımıyla Folik Asit Konjuge Gümüş Nanopartiküllerin Sentezinin Optimizasyonu

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, folik asit konjuge gümüş nanopartiküllerin (FA&AgNP'ler) sentezi optimize edilmiştir. FA&AgNP'ler, kanser hücrelerinde folat reseptörlerini hedeflemek için yaygın olarak kullanılan folik asit ile gümüş nitratın indirgenmesiyle sentezlenmiştir. Gümüş nanopartikül sentezi üzerinde etkili olan beş bağımsız değişken (karıştırma hızı, AgNO3 konsantrasyonu, folik asit konsantrasyonu, AgNO3 hacmi/folik asit hacmi ve sıcaklık) belirlenmiştir. Bağımsız değişkenlere dayanarak, Box-Behnken tasarımı (BBD) kullanılarak 46 deneyden oluşan bir deney planı oluşturulmuştur. Nanopartikül oluşumu, fiziksel renk değişimi, UV-Vis absorpsiyon spektroskopisi, Dinamik Işık Saçılma (DLS) analizi ve Fourier Dönüşümü Kızılötesi (FTIR) analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Optimize edilmiş koşullarda üretilen FA&AgNP'lerin ortalama partikül boyutu ve zeta potansiyeli sırasıyla 207±4.3 nm ve -51.6±2.5 mV olarak ölçülmüştür. Meme kanseri hücre hatlarında FA&AgNP'lerin antikanser etkinliğini değerlendirmek için sitotoksisite testleri yapılmıştır. 24 saat ve 48 saatte MDA-MB-231 meme kanseri hücreleri için IC50 değerleri 20.0 µg/mL ve 16.9 µg/mL, MCF-7 hücreleri için ise sırasıyla 26.3 µg/mL ve 31.5 µg/mL olarak bulunmuştur. Bulgular, FA&AgNP'lerin meme kanseri hücrelerinde etkili bir antikanser ajan olma potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.

Keywords

Folik asit, Gümüş nanopartiküller, Meme kanseri, Hücre hedefleme, Optimizasyon

Project Number

TÜBİTAK-2209A-1919B012106589

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