Verimlilik Değişimi: Türk Devlet Üniversiteleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma

Öz

Bilindiği üzere üniversiteler eğitim ve öğretim hizmeti veren kamu kuruluşlarıdır. Üniversiteler ayrıca araştırma faaliyetleriyle de ilgilidirler. Bu kurumlar tarafından sağlanan hizmetler çeşitli açılardan kamuoyu ve resmi kurumları çok yakından ilgilendirmektedir.  Dolayısıyla, bu kurumların faaliyetlerine tahsis edilen kaynakların ne ölçüde verimli kullanıldığının değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bunun yanında, bu kurumların zaman içindeki gelişimi de dikkat çekici bir konudur.  Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada, MVE  (Malmquist Verimlilik Endeksi) olarak bilinen DEA-temelli bir yaklaşım, devlet üniversitelerinin etkinliğini değerlendirmek ve varsa zaman içindeki teknolojik değişimini ve etkinlik sınırına yakınlığını ortaya çıkarmak için kullanılmaktadır. MVE zaman değişiminin etkisini ölçmede kullanılan bir yöntemdir.  MVE belli bir zaman diliminde etkin üretim sınırındaki kaymayı hesaplamak için geliştirilmiştir. İki zaman dilimi arasındaki etkinliğin ölçümü kurumlara göreli yarışmacı konumlarını değerlendirme ve karşılaştırma fırsatı tanımaktadır. Bu çalışma, Türk devlet üniversitelerinden oluşan bir örneklem üzerinden 2000/01 ve 2009/10 akademik dönemlerindeki verimlilik değişimini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Productivity Change: An Empirical Study on Turkish State Universities

Abstract

As it is known universities are public institutions providing educational and training services. They are also engaged with research activities. The services provided by these institutions concerns very closely both the public opinion and the public officials from numerous aspects. Thus, the resources allocated to the activities of these institutions must be evaluated to what extent it is used efficiently. In addition, the development of the institutions over time is also noteworthy. In this context, a DEA-based approach known as MPI (Malmquist Productivity Index) is used to evaluate the efficiency of state universities and to reveal the technological change and “catching-up” over time if there exists. MPI is a method of measuring the influence of time shift. It is designed to calculate the efficient frontier shift in a certain period of time. The efficiency shifts between two periods of time give the institutions the opportunity to compare and evaluate their relative competitive positions. This study comprises two academic periods, namely, 2000/01 and 2009/10 in order to investigate the productivity change on a sample from the state universities of Turkey.

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