Cellular Manufacturing Systems: Organization, Trends And Innovative Methods

Abstract

Interchangeability is the distinguishing feature of modern manufacturing. A huge production capacity to satisfy the people is reached thanks to that concept. Yet that prospect brought up a dilemma too. Efficient but inflexible flow lines for very limited product types on one side and unproductive flexible batch production for numerous diverse parts on the other side. The remedy is thought of as Cellular Manufacturing (CM). That seemed a brilliant idea but the proliferation of CM has never reached to the expected levels. This paper discusses the probable causes of this discontent by referring both academic and practical issues and tries to give some clues to improve the achievements of further CM applications by emphasizing of the contemporary tools like computer techniques, especially emerging approaches of artificial intelligence as well as organizational and social issues.

Hücresel Üretim Sistemleri: Yapı, Eğilimler ve Yenilikçi Yöntemler

Öz

Montajda kullanılan parçalardaki değiştirilebilirlik, modern imalatın belirgin bir niteliği olmuştur. Günümüz insanlarına doyum sağlayacak muazzam bir üretim gücüne de yine bu kavram sayesinde erişilebilmiştir. Ancak bu kavramdan yararlanma gayretleri, bir ikilemi de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bir yanda değiştirilebilirlik sayesinde yüksek verimlilikle ama son derece sınırlı tipte ürün üreten ve esnek olmayan seri üretim hatları diğer yanda da çeşit çeşit ürünü üretebilen esnek ama verimsiz parti tipi üretim sistemleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Her iki üretim tipinin üstün yanlarını birleştirecek çare de, uzun bir süreden beri Hücresel Üretim (HÜ) olarak görülmüştür. Fakat ilk bakışta, çok parlak bir düşünce olarak görünen bu yaklaşım da, hiçbir zaman kendinden beklenen hızla yaygınlaşamamıştır. Bu makalenin amacı da, buradaki çelişkinin kuramsal ve uygulamaya yönelik kaynaklarını irdeleyip, özellikle bilgisayar gibi araçlar ve yapay zekâ gibi yeni tekniklerin sağlayacağı olanaklar yanında işin örgütsel ve toplumsal yönlerini vurgulayarak HÜ uygulamalarındaki başarı düzeyini yükseltebilecek bazı ipuçlarını ortaya koymak olmuştur.

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