Research Article

Reading the Verses of the Qur’an in Context in the scope of Sūrat al-Nisāʾ34-35. Verses

Number: 21 December 30, 2023
EN TR

Reading the Verses of the Qur’an in Context in the scope of Sūrat al-Nisāʾ34-35. Verses

Abstract

In this study, “Reading the Verses of the Qur’an in Context in the scope of Sūrat al-Nisāʾ 34-35. Verses” is discussed. The problem of the study is that reading these verses detached from the context, the concepts in their content and the practices of the Prophet Mohammad (pbuh) related to these verses causes a series of problems in the social structure, especially in the family. The aim of the study is to examine the verses 34-35 of the Sūrat al-Nisāʾ, taking into account the context of these verses and the concepts in their content, to reveal the practices of the Prophet Mohammad about the verses mentioned, and to analyze the current approaches to the verses in question. The research is limited to the aforementioned verses. The study is based on written document analysis, one of the qualitative information collection methods. In this context, the data obtained from the literature review are examined taking into account the historical background and evaluated by text analysis from a holistic perspective. In the understanding of the verses of the Qur’an, the words and concepts in the content of the relevant verses, as well as the Qur’anic sciences such as the reason for revelation, muhkam-mutasabih, nasih-mansuh, wujuh-nezair, siyak-sibak are of great importance. Because a thought in the human mind attains an order in accordance with the meaning it corresponds to, only through words and concepts. In other words, the thoughts in the mind come to life thanks to the concepts. In addition, every new thought emerges as a result of a conceptual activity. Based on this importance, the concepts of “kavvâm, nuşûz, darb, şikâk, and ıslah” in their contents should be examined in terms of etymology in order to understand the verses 34-35 of the Sūrat al-Nisāʾ, which is the subject of our research, in a healthy way. In this context, ḳavvâm, which is an exaggerated noun derived from the root letters ḳvm in Arabic, means “who protects and watches over with all sincerity, who focuses on a subject meticulously, who heals, manages and manages things”. Nüşûz, a concept closely related to family law, means “the woman or the man’s failure to comply with marriage and family law, their discord at a level that makes it difficult or hinders the continuation of marriage and family unity, the husband and wife’s neglect of their duties towards each other, and the spouses’ mistreatment of each other.” The man in this state is called nashiz, and the woman is called nashize. In Arabic, the verb ḍrb is defined as “to strike (with hand, staff, sword, etc.), to beat, to mint money, to move, to go on a journey, to walk quickly, to undertake (a task), to fulfill it, to withdraw one’s hands (from something). It means “to give up, to travel (to seek sustenance), to prevent (someone from doing something), to marry, to mix something with something, to give an example, to explain (scorpion) sting, (heart) pounding, (sea) fluctuation”. Şiḳâḳ, derived from the Arabic verb şḳḳ, means “mutual discord and disagreement between spouses”. Derived from the Arabic verb ṣlḥ, ıṣlâḥ means “to fix a broken/irregular work or to make it better, to make it suitable”. In this regard, translators have given the following meanings to the words and concepts in verses 34 and 35 of Sūrat al-Nisāʾ: Ḳavvâm: Administrator and judge, judge, administrator, protector, responsible, chief. Nüşûz: Evil, discord, unruliness, irritability, bad faith, rebellion (by rejecting marital obligations), headstrongness. Ḍrb: To beat, punish, lightly beat, slap, temporarily remove from home, leave for a while, leave for a short time. Şiḳâḳ: Disagreement between spouses, disagreement arising, separation of spouses, disagreement between spouses reaching the point of divorce. Iṣlâḥ: To make peace, to reconcile, to bring to a solution. As can be seen, the meanings attributed to these concepts by authors and translators differ. These differences cause the relevant verses to be understood and interpreted in very different ways. In fact, it is observed that practices based on these comments cause serious problems in the social structure, especially in the family.

Keywords

References

  1. ‘Abdülbâkî, Muhammed Fuâd. el-Mu‘cemu’l-müfehras li-elfâzi’l-Kur’âni’l-Kerîm. Kahire: Dâru’l-Hadîs, 2001.
  2. Ahmed b. Hanbel, Ebû ‘Abdillâh Muhammed eş-Şeybânî. el-Müsned. İstanbul: Çağrı Yayınları, 1992.
  3. Akalın, Şükrü Halûk vd. Türkçe Sözlük. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, 2011.
  4. Akpınar, Ali. “Aile İçi Sorunların Çözümünde Kur’ânî Yöntem (Nisa Suresi 34. Ayeti Bağlamında”. İlahiyat Akademi Dergisi 11 (2020), 1-18.
  5. Âlûsî, Ebu’l-Fadl Mahmûd. Rûhu’l-me‘ânî fi tefsîri’l-Kur’âni’l-‘azîm ve’s-seb‘ı’l-mesânî. Beyrut: Dâru İhyâi’t-Türâsi’l-‘Arabî, ts.
  6. Atmaca, Gökhan. “Müfessirlere Göre Kavvâm Kelimesi -Nisâ Sûresi 34. Ayet Bağlamında-”. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 17/1 (2013), 215-231.
  7. Aydın, Zeynel Abidin. “Nisâ Sûresinin 34. Âyeti Bağlamında Evlilik Hayatında Kadının Geçimsizliği Durumunda Uygulanacak Çözümlerden “Darb”a Dair”. Turkish Studies 12/27 (2017), 87-100.
  8. Bayraklı, Bayraktar. Yeni bir Anlayışın Işığında Kur’an Tefsîri. İstanbul: Bayraklı Yayınları, 2005.

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Tafsir

Journal Section

Research Article

Early Pub Date

December 30, 2023

Publication Date

December 30, 2023

Submission Date

July 16, 2023

Acceptance Date

September 21, 2023

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Number: 21

ISNAD
Kara, Mustafa - Şahin Aynur, Hatice. “Nisâ’ Sûresi 34-35. Âyetler Özelinde Kur’ân Âyetlerini Bağlamında Okumak”. Amasya İlahiyat Dergisi. 21 (December 1, 2023): 462-498. https://doi.org/10.18498/amailad.1328359.

Cited By

Amasya Theology Journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

OAI: https://dergipark.org.tr/api/public/oai/amailad/
LOCKSS: http://dergipark.org.tr/amailad/lockss-manifest