Abstract
Some concepts in Quran such as the "al-bâkıyâtu's-sâlihât", "bekıyyetullâh" and "ulû bekıyye" are difficult expressions to understand. Because, it is not an easy to determine what the concept "al-bâkıyâtu’s-sâlihât" indicates through language, as the great commentator Taberî rightly points out. One of the main reasons for this is that it is not clearly mentioned what the deeds are described as "al-bâkıyâtu's-sâlihât" in the relevant verses. Another is that these concepts are included in the Meccan sûrahs. Based on this, some commentators have interpreted the concept "al-bâkıyâtu's-salihât" with invocation expressions which included Tawhid by taking into account the period of Mecca. On the other hand, some other commentators have explained the concept in a way that includes all good deeds without making a distinction between the surah of Meccan and Medinan.
The concept "al-bâkıyâtu’s-sâlihât" is mentioned in both the sûrah al-Kahf and Mary which were revealed in Mecca. However, it seems unlikely possible to determine what these two adjectives indicate without looking at the context. However, in our opinion, it is possible to determine the meaning of this concept from the context. As in the whole of Meccan surahs, the issues of faith are explained in both contexts in which this concept is included. The commentators explained the concept by taking into account the relevant context and hadiths on the subject. Therefore, they interpreted this concept with phases such as "subhânallah", "alhamdulillâh", "la havla velâ quwwata illâ billâh" and "Allâhu akbar that express belief in Allah". In our opinion, this interpretation seems appropriate in context from the beginning of the prophecy. Therefore, the explanations that made about the concept and including all the worship, do not fully reflect the meaning of concept. Because it is a known issue that most of prayers are prescribed as obligatory in Medina. In addition, the meanings such as "righteous girls" and "deeds which born into one's heart" in the commentaries about the concept do not correspond to the context in which these expressions are included. As a result, it is possible to say that the concept "al-bâkıyâtü’s-sâlihât", which expresses belief in Allah, indicates the faith and eternal life in hereafter.
Another expression used in the Qur’an regarding the word "baqıyya" is the concept "baqıyyetullâh". Some of the commentators have explained this concept by associating it with trade in the relevant context. As narrated in Surah Hûd, the people of Madian tribe made it a custom to deceive people by trading fraud. They thought that the wealth and power, that had acquired by the forbidden way, would keep them alive forever. However, the concept "baqıyyetullâh" shows that the reward of Allah will give to the believers in the hereafter is much more valuable than the temporary worldly blessings that the infidels people of Median tribe obtained through fraudulent means. Accordingly, this concept states that the return mean of trade obtained by lawful ways is eternal paradise. Therefore, with considering the context it is possible to say that this concept means "lawful profit obtained by considering the consent of Allah".
Another expression used in the Qur'an regarding the word "baqıyya" is the concept "ulû bekıyye". The commentators have given different meanings to this concept. It is possible to say that those who express their sincerely faith to Allah are more accurate in the context of the meanings. Accordingly, it is possible to interpret this concept as "virtuous people who believe in Allah”. Because only believers who sincerely believe in Allah can eliminate the evils which committed in the world.
Finally, the commentators made different interpretations about the concept "baqıyya" in verse 248 of the Surah al-Baqarah. However, it is possible to say that the concept "baqıyya" in this verse refers to "Torah" with considering the relevant context. Because the concept “baqıyya” in this verse refers to an object from Moses and Aaron. In addition, considering the singularity of the word "baqıyya" in the verse, it seems more reasonable that it refers to a single object, namely the Torah, rather than some items. In this article, firstly the verses in which these concepts are mentioned and the related contexts are examined. Then, in the light of the relevant hadiths, these concepts were tried to be interpreted with the examples of some Qur’an translations.