Abstract
In this study, it was discussed why the Jews were cursed by Allah Almighty in the framework of the Qur'an. First of all, let us express that the Quran is a divine message sent by Allah for the guidance of humanity. It contains information that will lead humanity to happiness both in this world and hereafter. There are also concepts in it that describe paradise, its bounties, and the rewards that believers will receive. Besides some of the terms in the Qur'an, there are also concepts that evoke punishment. One of these concepts is “cursing” that means to be away from the mercy of Allah in both the world and hereafter. Also the concept “curse” is used in the Qur'an as meanings of "curse", "insulting", and "removal from Almighty Allah's mercy". Those who are cursed by Almighty Allah will be deprived of Allah's forgiveness in both this world and the hereafter. This is a punishment by Allah. Again, it is the curse of the angels and all people to that person. According to the Qur'an, Allah, angels and all people curse that occurs sometimes physically or psychologically. Allah will punish His servant who deviates from the right path, both physically and psychologically, in both this world and hereafter.
The Quran contains stories of many tribes. Undoubtedly, one of them is about the Jews. The life story of Israelites or the Jews is widely included in the Quran. The life of Jews in Egypt and their later periods are mentioned. Meanwhile, the Israelites went astray by worshiping the calf after crossing the Red Sea. They also violated the Saturday ban in another period. Therefore the Jews, who oppose Allah's orders and prohibitions and do not fulfill their responsibilities, were turned into apes in the world, and will be also punished with the hell in hereafter. In addition, they will be faced with psychological punishments in both the world and hereafter. The Qur'an also expressed some of the reasons why Jews were psychologically or physically converted into monkeys. The reasons such as denial, rebellion, renunciation, fabricating lies in the name of Allah, concealing the truth, and distorting the book are mentioned among them. It is clearly stated in the Quran that the servant will be cursed because of these reasons. The way to avoid this is expressed as fulfilling the commandments and prohibitions of Allah.
It is possible to divide the punishments into two as physical and psychological. Physical punishments such as slapping, hitting the body, and pushing anyone are punishments that affect the human body. However, the effect of psychological punishments, such as depriving a person of something that he loves, scolding, warning, threatening, condemning, cutting off love and attention from him, on the human soul that means the soul of man suffers from it. While the effect of physical punishments applied to the body passes over time, the effect of psychological punishments on the soul is more permanent. For this reason, the greatest psychological punishment for Jews is depriving of God's mercy in both the world and hereafter. Again, they win the curse of both angels and all people. Nevertheless, those who do not care about the faith and moral principles in the Qur'an, will invoke the curse of Allah regardless of their religion. In this study, the concept “curse” in the Qur’an will be discussed firstly. In this section, it will be explained what the meaning of the concept “curse” used in the Qur’an. Because many concepts in the Qur'an seem to have different meanings. Then, it will be focus on the reasons which caused the Jews to be cursed by Allah. Here, the reasons such as denial, rebellion, abstinence from their words, fabricating lies in the name of Allah, concealing the truth, and distorting the book will be mentioned. In addition, the physical and psychological punishments resulting from cursing will be considered and examined. In the last section, it will be tried to reach a conclusion with an evaluation.