Cardiac Disorders Related to Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has been steadily increasing in the Turkey and in other countries with the total number of affected people reaching more than 370 millions globally. Long-term cardiovascular complications and especially coronary heart disease are the principal causes of morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients. Most patients with diabetes mellitus suffer from cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Mellitus predisposes to cardiovascular disease increasing the risk to develop atherosclerosis. In this review, the effect of diabetes on cardiac diseases is going to be examined.

Keywords

• Diabetes mellitus, heart disease, morbidity

Diabetes Mellitusla İlişkili Kardiyak Bozukluklar

Öz

Diabetes mellitus prevalansı Türkiyede ve diğer ülkelerde sürekli artmaktadır ve etkilenen toplam kişi sayısı küresel olarak 370 milyondan fazlaya ulaşmıştır. Uzun dönem kardiyovasküler komplikasyonlar ve özellikle koroner kalp hastalıkları diabetik hastalarda mortalite ve morbiditenin temel nedenleridir. Diabetes mellituslu birçok hasta kardiyovasküler hastalıklardan şikayetçidir. Diabetes mellitus, ateroskleroz gelişme riskini arttırarak kardiyovasküler hastalıklara zemin hazırlamaktadır. Bu derlemede diyabetin kardiyak hastalıklar üzerine etkisi incelenecektir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diyabetes mellitus, kalp hastalıkları, morbidite

References

1. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2006;29:43-8.
2. Laakso M. Tip 2 Diyabetin epidemiyolojisi ve tanısı. In: Goldstein BJ, Wieland DM (Eds). Tip 2 Diyabet. 1th Ed, AND Danışmanlık, Eğitim Yayıncılık ve Organizasyon Ltd.Şti.: İstanbul; 2004:1-12.
3. Levit RD, Reynolds HR, Hochman JS. Cardiovascular disease in young women: a population at risk. Cardiol Rev 2011;19:60-5.
4. Suys BE, Katier N, Raoul PA et al. Female Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Have More Pronounced Early Echocardiographic Signs of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Diabetes Care 2004;27:1947-53.
5. Singh S, Dhingra S, Ramdath DD, Vasdev S, Gill V, Singal PK. Risk factors preceding type 2 diabetes and cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2010;3:580-96.
6. Rodrigues B,Cam MC,Mcneill JH. Metabolic disturbances in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Mol Cell Biochem 1998;180:53-57.
7. Malhotra A, Sanghi V. Regulation of contractil proteins in diabetic heart. Cardiovasc Res 1997;34:34-40.
8. Vered A, Battler A, Segal P. Exercise-induced left ventricular dysfunction in young men with asymptomatic diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol 1984;54:633-37.

9. Poirier P, Bogaty P, Garneau C, Marois L, Dumesnil JG. Diastolic dysfunction in normotensive men with well-controlled type 2 diabetes: importance of maneuvers in echocardiographic screening for preclinical diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetes Care 2001;24:5-10.
10. Fang ZY, Prins JB, Marwick TH. Diabetic cardiomyopathy:evidence, mechanism.and therapeutic implications. Endocr Rev 2004;25:543-67.
11. Ali MK, Narayan KM, Tandon N. Diabetes & coronary heart disease: current perspectives. Indian J Med Res 2010;132:584-97.
12. Mattila TK, de Boer A. Influence of intensive versus conventional glucose control on microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs 2010;70:2229-45.
13. Schnell O, Otter W, Standl E. The Munich Myocardial Infarction Registry: translating the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular disease into clinical practice. Diabetes Care 2009;32:326-30.
14. Valensi P, Lorgis L, Cottin Y. Prevalence, incidence, predictive factors and prognosis of silent myocardial infarction: a review of the literature. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2011;104:178-88.
15. Keller PF, Carballo D, Roffi M. Diabetes and acute coronary syndrome. Minerva Med 2010;101:81-104.
16. Bulugahapitiya U, Siyambalapitiya S, Sithole J, Idris I. Is diabetes a coronary risk equivalent? Systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabet Med 2009;26:142-8.
17. Beckman AJ, Creager AM, Libby P. Diabetes and atherosclerosis: Epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. JAMA 2002;287:2570-80.
18. Dartimer AC, Shenoy PN, Shiroff RA, Leaman DM, Babb JD, Liedtke AJ et al, Diffuse coronary artery disease in diabetic patients: factor fiction? Circulation 1978;57:133-36.
19. Mareno PR, Murcia AM, Palacios IF, Leon MN, Bernardi VH, Fuster V, et al. Coronary composition and macrophage infiltration in atherectomy specimens from patients with diabetes mellitus. Circulation 2000;102:2180-4.
20. Landsberg L, Young JB. Insulin-mediated glucose metabolism in the relationship between dietary intake and sympathetic nervous system activity. Int J Obes 1985;9:63-8.
21. Young LH, Russell RR, Chyun D, Ramahi T. Heart failure in diabetic patients. In: Johnstone MT and Veves A (eds). Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease, Humana Pres: Totowa, NJ; 2001:281-97.
22. American Diabetes Association. Implications of the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 2003;26:28-32.
23. Pahor M, Psaty BM, Alderman MH, Applegate WB, Williamson JD, Furberg CD. Therapeutic benefits of ACE inhibitors and other antihypertensive drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2000;23:888-92.